柬埔寨社会保障制度研究

柬埔寨是东南亚的一个发展中国家,随着经济社会的发展,该国的社会保障体系也随之发展,并逐渐形成了具有一定本国特色的社会保险体系。本文对柬埔寨社会保险体系的构架进行描述,主要涉及社会保险的法律支撑框架、社会保险的各项福利制度,社会保险资金支出及来源等。     

Multinational cooperation: building capabilities in small air forces

European air power is represented by a variety of air forces, each equipped with different capabilities and facing different limitations. Developing the former and making up for the latter requires resources and finances and is not always possible within a national capacity. It may be particularly problematic for smaller air forces, especially with the trend of shrinking defence budgets and increasing costs of the newest technological achievements. This article investigates the idea of multinational cooperation in Europe as a way to make up for these shortfalls and build collective European capabilities. In doing so, it focuses on two states, namely Poland and Sweden as examples of small air forces. By choosing these countries as case studies it also provides an opportunity to investigate the different forms of multinational involvement existing within and outside a major military alliance, namely NATO. The article explores the participation of the Polish and Swedish Air Forces in several multinational initiatives and investigates how such involvement increases (or not) their capabilities.     

大国网络竞争与中国网络安全战略选择

当今网络空间已成为人类生存的新空间、发展的新驱动和安全的新领域以及大国拓展国家利益、输出意识形态和建立战略优势的新载体,因此也成为大国竞争的新高地。大国网络竞争体现了新时代的新特点,中国作为重要的竞争方,既介于竞争之中,又深受竞争影响。大国网络竞争涉及多领域、多层面和多维度,主要围绕网络话语权和网络治理权展开,话语权是外在表现,核心是治理权以及由此延伸的主导权。大国网络竞争对中国网络安全的影响是全方位的,从技术、战术层面上升到政治、战略层面,对中国网络安全以及整体国家安全的重要性急剧上升。对中国来说,在网络空间领域机遇与挑战并存,如何利用好机遇、应对好挑战是筹划网络安全战略的重中之重。未来中国网络安全战略选择聚焦于破解以下四个问题,即树立什么样的网络安全理念、选择什么样的网络安全应对手段、提升什么样的网络安全能力、如何进行网络安全治理。在很大程度上,解答了这四个重要问题,等于找到了有效维护中国网络安全的正确路径。     

Enhancing security incident response follow-up efforts with lightweight agile retrospectives

Security incidents detected by organizations are escalating in both scale and complexity. As a result, security incident response has become a critical mechanism for organizations in an effort to minimize the damage from security incidents. The final phase within many security incident response approaches is the feedback/follow-up phase. It is within this phase that an organization is expected to use information collected during an investigation in order to learn from an incident, improve its security incident response process and positively impact the wider security environment. However, recent research and security incident reports argue that organizations find it difficult to learn from incidents.A contributing factor to this learning deficiency is that industry focused security incident response approaches, typically, provide very little practical information about tools or techniques that can be used to extract lessons learned from an investigation. As a result, organizations focus on improving technical security controls and not examining or reassessing the effectiveness or efficiency of internal policies and procedures. An additional hindrance, to encouraging improvement assessments, is the absence of tools and/or techniques that organizations can implement to evaluate the impact of implemented enhancements in the wider organization. Hence, this research investigates the integration of lightweight agile retrospectives and meta-retrospectives, in a security incident response process, to enhance feedback and/or follow-up efforts. The research contribution of this paper is twofold. First, it presents an approach based on lightweight retrospectives as a means of enhancing security incident response follow-up efforts. Second, it presents an empirical evaluation of this lightweight approach in a Fortune 500 Financial organization's security incident response team.     

从上海保安服务业现状谈保安监管对策

随着保安服务向社会企业和个人开放的有序进行,对保安服务市场的监管成为公安机关维护社会稳定又一项重要的管理工作。公安机关应当加强指导和监督,确保保安服务市场健康发展。     

美韩非对称性同盟对朝核困局影响探析——以文在寅政府时期为例

朝核问题是冷战后东北亚地区的热点问题,一直影响着本地区的安全。并且,由于朝鲜半岛独特的地缘政治特性以及该地区的大国安全博弈,朝核问题的解决难度与日俱增。长期以来,韩国将美韩同盟视为朝核危机发酵期的安全保障,同时,朝鲜亦因美韩同盟的持续强化而极速推进核武力建设,最终导致朝核危局愈演愈烈。应当说,朝核危机与美韩同盟两者间已互为因变量。然而,美国作为世界唯一超级大国,其战略指向不仅是半岛无核化,更主要的战略意图是为其全球战略体系服务。因此,“美主韩从”性质的美韩同盟会使韩国本身的战略指向发生偏移,最终,非对称性质的美韩同盟可能会成为阻碍半岛和平繁荣的关键因素。     

Cyber terrorism challenges: The need for a global response to a multi-jurisdictional crime

With the widespread concerns about cyber terrorism and the frequent use of the term “cyber terrorism” at the present time, many international organisations have made efforts to combat this threat. Since cyber terrorism is an international crime, local regulations alone are not able to defend against such attacks; they require a transnational response. Therefore, an attacked country will invoke international law to seek justice for any damage caused, through the exercise of universal jurisdiction. Without the aid of international organisations, it is difficult to prevent cyber terrorism. At the same time, international organisations determine which state court, or international court, has the authority to settle a dispute. The objective of this paper is to analyse and review the effectiveness and sufficiency of the current global responses to cyber terrorism through the exercise of international jurisdiction. This article also touches upon the notion of cyber terrorism as a transnational crime and an international threat; thus, national regulations alone cannot prevent it. The need for an international organisation to prevent and defend nations from cyber terrorism attacks is pressing. This paper finds that, as cyber terrorism is a transnational crime, it should be subjected to universal jurisdiction through multinational cooperation, and this would be the most suitable method to counter future transnational crimes such as cyber terrorism.     

网络安全技术与防范精品课程建设及改革实践

文章依托辽宁警专精品课程“网络安全技术与防范”的建设过程,结合实际教学过程中的课程建设与改革实践经验,介绍了课程发展的历史、课程建设过程中的改革思路和建设措施,分析了课程建设存在的问题,并提出了下一步课程建设的发展方向,供同行参考。     

Britain and Europe

Britain decided to join the European Community because its postwar, postimperial policies had failed and successive Governments saw no viable alternative. After ten years of being denied entry by De Gaulle, Britain joined on disadvantageous terms and with the British political parties, and the British people, deeply divided. Accession did not resolve the underlying issues and Britain's first year of membership saw an unprecedented oil crisis, bad relations between Britain and the United States and the demise of the British government led by Edward Heath. The underlying issues which had not been resolved in the accession negotiations were reopened by Harold Wilson and later by Margaret Thatcher. Some of them remain unresolved in British politics to this day.     

局部等级视角下的东亚安全秩序与中美战略竞争

东亚秩序转型是冷战后国际关系学界争论的重要问题。在回顾既有争论的基础上,本文尝试从局部等级视角切入,分析东亚安全秩序的性质及其转型动力。局部等级体系由体系唯一超级大国领导的地区安全等级与区域内自助国家共同构成。冷战结束以来,东亚地区呈现出典型的局部等级体系特征,并在中国持续崛起的过程中逐步形成了以战略对冲为主要行为模式的安全秩序。尽管当前美国对华政策的对抗性不断增强,但是在局部等级体系下中国坚持战略对冲不但可以有效缓解自身面临的崛起困境,而且有助于防止中美陷入美苏冷战式的集团对抗,以战略对冲为核心特征的东亚安全秩序也将因此得以延续。这些发现一定程度上深化了地区安全秩序和大国竞争的理论研究,同时也有助于中美两国更为有效地管控其在东亚地区的战略竞争。