论我国民事证据收集与调查之法理及制度完善

在我国，学理上和司法实务上对民事证据规则仅仅停留在一般规则意义上的分析，即仅仅注意了规则逻辑上的自治性和经验上的合理性。因此，不仅缺乏对证据规则之法理的考量，而且缺乏把证据规则与诉讼结构相结合的思想。民事证据收集和调查制度亦如此。所以，完善其制度必须根据其法理来界定民事证据收集和调查的含义，并将其法理与诉讼结构相结合来构建正当性的证据制度。     

标本兼治,解决“执行难”——民事强制执行法专家建议稿起草问题研究

制定独立的民事强制执行法是大势所趋、众望所归。民事强制执行法专家建议稿坚持“站在客观公正的立场 ,坚持按规律办事 ,确保既解决现实问题又适应长远发展”的指导思想 ,总结我国民事强制执行工作的经验 ,吸收域外立法的合理成份 ,构建了我国未来的民事强制执行制度。     

论法律事实与客观事实

法律事实与客观事实的一般关系是 ,客观事实是法律事实的基础 ,法律事实是客观事实的再现或者反映 ,法律事实必须以客观事实为追求目标。法律事实对客观事实的追求是通过一系列证据法上的制度设计实现的 ,能否最大限度地确保法律事实与客观事实相一致 ,是衡量证据规则是否成功的基本标志。法律事实一般应当与客观事实相符合 ,但由于种种原因 ,也可能产生不一致的情况 ,包括无奈的不一致、错误的不一致和有意的不一致。     

我国刑事侦查中证据及规则研究

在侦查实践中,证据规则分为真理性判断规则和正当判断规则。前者包括经验排除规则、补强规则、优先规则、预防规则、分析规则和安全规则;后者则专指司法机关系取合法途径取证的规则。     

The Place for Custody Evaluations in Family Peacemaking

Custody evaluations can serve the dual purpose of providing neutral, objective information to the court while also contributing to the possibility of earlier settlement, which coincides with the therapeutic jurisprudence goal of more positive outcomes for children and families. Research suggests that most cases settle after custody evaluations. However, most of the literature is focused on the use of custody evaluations for litigation. Evaluators, attorneys, and mental health consultants can influence parents to focus more on children's needs and less on their conflict as they go through the evaluation process. This article urges family courts to develop processes and require professionals to learn skills needed for an interdisciplinary process to utilize evaluations in peacemaking.

Key Points for the Family Court Community:
• All custody evaluation processes should aim to reduce and/or shorten children's exposure to parental conflict.
• Evaluators, attorneys, and mental health professional consultants should use the evaluation process to influence parents to be more aware of their children's needs and less invested in their adversarial positions.
• Evaluators should learn to write and orally present information and state opinions with consideration of the parents themselves as consumers of the custody evaluation as well as the court.
• Attorneys and mental health professional consultants should help clients review the report, process their emotional reactions, and consider their options for settlement versus litigation in terms of emotional and financial costs to the family.
• Court processes should be developed to contain the time and cost of custody evaluations and provide dispute resolution after custody evaluations.

     

医疗损害鉴定意见存在问题与对策

鉴定意见作为专门性问题的鉴定结果,是诉讼案件得以正确处理的重要依据,其对诉讼结果的影响不言自明。鉴定意见不仅关乎证据制度,也涉及司法体系和诉讼程序。医疗领域的诉讼因裁判者囿于知识的局限,鉴定意见的作用更为突出。长期以来,鉴定问题已严重影响到司法裁判的效率与公正。本文通过梳理鉴定意见在医疗损害诉讼各环节中存在的问题,剖析鉴定方式、鉴定主体、文书内容以及审查采信方面等问题的成因,提出确立以自然人为中心的“鉴定人——专家辅助人”的“双翼”医疗损害鉴定人制度,规范鉴定意见内容和表述方式,完善质证程序等措施。     

关于修改后刑事诉讼法执行情况的若干思考

The revised Law of Criminal Procedure, of which the key idea is to tighten the restraint on and supervi-sion over public power and protect the private rights effectively, shows the pursuits of refined,...     

物证技术学教学活动中教学媒体的选择运用

根据物证学教学活动中媒体选择的重要性、特性及评价方法,我们应把握好“教学媒体选择”这一重要环节的基本方法,以从根本上改变目前普遍存在的教学媒体运用机械化、形式化、单一化的局面。     

非法证据排除规则微探

证据是控辩双方在刑事审判中支持其主张、展开攻击与防御对抗的武器,是法官认定事实并据以裁判的基础。非法证据排除规则以运用实证分析方法、结合应然性思考,通过比较各国非法证据排除规则,阐述排除规则的价值,对规则产生的理性基础、规则所体现的价值冲突与权衡进行分析,以构建我国非法证据排除规则体系。