Orthodontic Treatment: Real Risk for Dental Age Estimation in Adults?

Dental age estimation becomes a challenge once the root formation is concluded. In living adults, one dental age indicator is the formation of secondary dentine, also associated with orthodontic treatment as well as root shortening. The aim of this study was to establish whether these secondary effects of orthodontic treatment could generate a statistically significant difference in dental age estimations when using Kvaal's method. The study sample included 34 pairs of pre‐ and postorthodontic panoramic radiographs, from different individuals with exactly the same age and sex distribution. Females 65%, median age 17.5 years, and males 35%, median age 22.5 years, were included. After data collection, dental age was estimated per tooth using formulae previously published. The risk of obtaining over‐estimation of age was calculated. (RR = 1.007). The changes caused by orthodontic treatment do not have any significant effect on age estimation when Kvaal et al.'s method is applied on panoramic radiographs.     

Crossover Cases of High‐Conflict Families Involving Child Protection Services: Ontario Research Findings and Suggestions for Good Practices

Child protection services (CPS) are increasingly becoming involved in high‐conflict separations and the related custody and access proceedings. CPS involvement is often necessary to respond to abuse or neglect allegations or protect children from emotional harm. However, these crossover cases are very challenging for family justice professionals. This article reports on research on crossover cases in Ontario, including an analysis of reported court decisions, a survey of CPS staff, and interviews with family justice professionals. We suggest clearer CPS policies; improved understanding of respective professional roles; CPS summary reports for family courts; increased interagency coordination, communication, and training; and use of judicial case management.     

论文化发展的辩证运动——超越文化普遍主义和文化特殊主义

文化普遍主义和文化特殊主义的对立 ,是它们各自所代表的社会文化思潮及其所反映的特定的个人利益和民族国家利益的对立 ,因而具有物质和精神方面的侵犯性和自卫性。从文化个体生成论的角度来看 ,不同的文化都是处于不同社会发展水平和阶段之上的现实的人 ,在其历史文化传统和具体社会实践基础上进行各种建构过程的产物 ,它们之间的关系并不是彼此对立的你死我活的静止关系 ,而是前后递进、不断相互吸收和取长补短的生成发展关系。这种对于文化发展的辩证运动的理论视角 ,有利于我们扬弃文化普遍主义和文化特殊主义的对立 ,为全球化环境下的文化沟通和文化对话奠定科学的理论基础。     

当前涉爆案件和涉爆事故的原因及对策

涉爆案件和事故的表现形式一是非法藏匿 ,二是销赃牟利 ,三是行凶报复 ,四是非法交易 ,五是违规操作。其原因在于危爆物品管理机制不够健全 ,措施难以落实。分析其成因及危害 ,探究其预防遏制的方法已成为当前的一个重大课题。     

20世纪60年代中国人口政策评价

20世纪60年代中国人口政策在新中国人口政策史上有着重要的地位。该时期制定的以“提倡节制生育,适当控制人口自然增长率”为主要内容的人口政策和相应设立的计生机构,既是20世纪50年代人口思想的继承和发展,又为20世纪70年代在全国范围内实施有计划生育的人口政策奠定了思想基础。     

The Influence of Opening Statement/Closing Argument Organizational Strategy on Juror Verdict and Damage Awards

This study examines the influence of the organizational strategy used to structure opening statements and closing arguments on presentation effectiveness in a simulated civil trial. Two organizational structures, a narrative and a legal-expository format, were manipulated to produce a 2 (plaintiff organizational strategy) × 3 (defense organizational strategy) experimental design. Results indicate that a mixed organizational strategy (narrative opening/legal-expository closing) is more effective for the plaintiff than a strict narrative strategy, and either a mixed or strict legal-expository organizational strategy is more effective than a strict narrative strategy for the defense.     

浅谈英语语义范畴的一词多义现象

在英语词汇中 ,一词多义现象十分普遍 ,在一词所拥有的多个意思中 ,彼此之间都具有某些方面的联系。以语言学家J .R .Taylor的“家族相似范畴理论”为理论基础 ,再结合实际例句分析、阐述语义范畴的一词多义现象 ,可就其对英语教学的影响与作用有更深入的认识。     

建立落实基本国策的保障机制——对“计划生育“和“男女平等“两项基本国策的比较与思考

在对"计划生育"和"男女平等"两项基本国策的贯彻落实过程中,既存在一些共同点,也存在一定差异它们都受到党和政府及社会的认同,但认同程度不同,前者深,后者浅;它们都取得了很大成效,但成效的显著程度不同,前者显著,后者差些.要达到"男女平等"基本国策真正意义上的实现,需要建立起与其相称的保障机制,如法律保障机制,政策保障机制,管理保障机制,社会监督机制和群众参与机制等.     

受虐儿童及青少年法医学鉴定92例分析

本文对92例不满18周岁家庭暴力受虐儿童和青少年法医学鉴定案例进行回顾性研究。结果表明：虐待行为多发生于下午5时前后，受虐者以女性居多（63．04％），损伤部位以头面部最多见（36．98％）。损伤类型以软组织挫伤最常见（51．13％），损伤具有多部位、广泛性、新旧不一等特点；发生场所以家中及家居周围附近为多，受虐者家庭情感生活环境差等.同时，作者还对虐待行为产生的社会根源、受虐儿童及青少年法医学鉴定及法律保护等问题进行了探讨。     

家族资源及其现代价值——以浦江郑氏家族为例

浦江郑氏辉煌的家族史蕴藏着丰富的家族资源。郑氏家族资源既包含由聚落—建筑和生态—环境构成的空间系统、丰富的家族文献史料等物质形态，更包含由十五世同居历史凝练、积淀而成的，以孝义、廉正、内聚力为核心内容的家族精神特质。其家族资源不仅具有重要的旅游价值，同时也具有教化和激励价值。