信仰·求是·创新:马克思主义发展史教育的三个维度

马克思主义的发展史,是一部坚定马克思主义信仰的教育史,实事求是的科学史,与时俱进的创新史。深入进行马克思主义发展史的教育,要紧密联系思想理论建设的实际,在把握马克思主义发展的历史经验、以科学态度对待马克思主义、高扬马克思主义与时俱进的理论品质三个方面下功夫。     

我国法医学检验鉴定的历史、现状及发展

我国法医学有着悠久的发展历史,在先秦时期就有法医学的萌芽。在2,400年的发展中,经历了不同的时期,各个时期的检验人员的组成、分工、职责等有了一系列的变革,而且在不断的完善中发展着。     

构建和谐社会应从营造和谐家庭着手

家庭是社会的细胞,构建和谐社会应该从构建和谐家庭着手。充分正确认识和谐家庭与和谐社会的关系将关系到整个社会的健康、稳定和发展。本文针对当前部分家庭存在的一些不和谐因素,提出如何营造和谐家庭,目的在于促进社会稳定,构建和谐社会。     

The Future of Staatsrecht: Dominance,Demise or Demystification?

The relationship between the national and the European legal orders is affected by the way it is theorised by the national constitutional traditions. This article will explore the opposing constitutional assumptions in Germany that underlie two interpretations of what in Anglo-Saxon countries is known as constitutional law: Staatsrecht and Verfassungsrecht. The two contending visions are generated from different conceptions of the European Union and, especially, the state. The origins of the German constitutional traditions will be historically reconstructed. Although Staatsrecht has historically offered the dominant interpretation of public law, Verfassungsrecht has 'de-mystified' the state. To continue to offer a coherent interpretation Staatsrecht need not abandon the state as its central concept, but will need to re-examine the content of the concept in light of modern forms of constitutionalism and European integration.     

The legal possibilities of Antwerp widows in the late sixteenth century

This article assesses the ability of widows and other women in Antwerp to act independently of men to defend their economic interests and those of their children. Consideration is given to both legal norms and actual practice in a number of different areas including writing wills, making marriage contracts, managing financial assets and pursuing claims and defending themselves in the civil courts. Analyses of these issues indicate that widows in Antwerp enjoyed in practice a greater degree of independence than was available to widows in many other parts of Europe, despite their weaker position in law.Particular attention is given to the role in Antwerp of women merchants whose position freed them from male control and supervision. It is argued that their favored status did not derive from the desire of the authorities to protect the interests of their male relatives or to advance the economic interests of these women. Rather their legal freedom is seen as reflecting acknowledgement of the importance of their business activities and the wish to safeguard the interests of their customers who could pursue claims against the woman merchant in the event of a dispute.     

法国刑事参审制度及其启示

法国是刑事参审制度的发源地,参审制度源远流长.在经历了长达百年的价值理念权衡的基础上,法国最终形成了独具特色的符合本国实际的参审制度.当代法国的刑事参审制度操作规范、严谨,在刑事司法实践中发挥着重要的作用,对于我国陪审制度的改革具有重大的启示意义.     

线人的历史与侦查制度

自人类建立政府,国家就开始一定程度地依靠线人及其提供的情报信息维护社会秩序。文章回顾了古代文明时期、中世纪至启蒙时期线人的使用情况、19世纪专业线人的兴起以及20世纪专业线人的推广普及。文章就侦查中如何避免线人使用风险,提高线人使用效率,探讨了线人的档案管理制度、控制使用制度、监督检查制度、财务支付制度、业绩考评制度等。     

Die Entwicklung des Föderalismus und der Föderalismus ‐ diskussion in der Schweiz von 1874 bis 1964

Before 1874 and after 1964, the evolution of federalism and related political discourses is well known. Between these years, however, stretches a terra incognita, which this political‐historical essay tries to explore. This period was characterised by a steady shift of power from the Canton's to the Confederation, resulting in the frequent re‐grouping of federalists and centralists. Before the First World War, traditionalists from central and occidental Switzerland fiercely defended a confederalist vision. During the interwar years, things quietened down. The modern federal State organisation was no longer fundamentally questioned, and the debate focused on technical questions. The “geistige Landesverteidigung” (moral defence of the country against fascism) secured an enduring yet problematic place for federalism in Swiss culture by transforming it into the “unity in diversity” principle. After the Second World War, modernising forces resulted in the “executive and co‐operative federalism” that we know today.     

Childhood Behavior and Adult Criminality: Cluster Analysis in a Prospective Study of African Americans

Adult criminality has important roots in childhood. While many studies have established that multiple problem behaviors in childhood increase the likelihood of future crime and deviance, the current study extends this “established” relationship by asking three questions: (1) Do different combinations of childhood behavioral risk factors affect adult offending? (2) Do family risk factors affect adult offending above and beyond these combinations of risks?, and (3) Are there gender differences present with respect to these two questions? Gender-specific cluster analyses identified seven clusters of childhood behavioral patterns based on teacher ratings measured in first grade among an epidemiologically-defined cohort of African Americans. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were utilized to examine the relationship of cluster membership, family risks, and criminal arrests through age 32 for serious violent and property crimes. While some gender differences emerged, both males and females in the multiple problem cluster were more likely to have later arrests for serious crime. Females who were frequently punished as first graders were most likely to have later arrests for serious crimes, while males who were from mother-only families were at higher risk of having serious criminal arrests compared to those from mother–father families. Implications for prevention and intervention strategies are also discussed.     

Establishing a Relationship Between Behavior and Cognition: Violence Against Women and Children within the Family

The goal of our study is to determine whether a person’s cognitions regarding violence against women and violence against children within the family are associated with recourse to violent behavior toward them; and (2) the extent to which an adult who has a narrow conception of violence against women also has a narrow conception of, tolerant attitudes toward, and biased attributions with regard to violence toward children. Thirty men and 32 women took part in the study. Generally speaking, respondents more easily recognized physical aggression than psychological aggression, rated it more severely, and used it more often against their children than their spouses. Further, cognitions regarding violence against women and of parental violence against children appear to be strongly associated. Our results also suggest that the conception of violence toward women is associated with violence toward children.