道教教祖老子探缘

道教是在我国土生土长的宗教,它同我国的社会发展关系密切。任何宗教都有它推崇的最高偶像,道教当然也不例外,它尊奉老子为惟一教祖,以老子所著《道德经》为根本经典。但是老子生活的年代与道教创立的年代中间相隔数百年,已经死去数百年的老子为什么能成为道教教祖?本文对此做了一些探讨,同时对老子思想的博大精深也作了简要的介绍和论述。     

Ethnic Differences in Trajectories of Family Cohesion for Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White Adolescents

This study examined gender, family structure, SES and language usage as predictors of cultural orientation and family cohesion. Ethnic differences in trajectories of family cohesion were tested within a hierarchical linear modeling framework. The sample consisted of 4156 adolescent respondents, measured at three time points during three consecutive years. The three study groups consisted of Mexican Americans oriented to Mexican culture (N = 738), Mexican Americans oriented to majority American culture (N = 867), and Non-Hispanic Whites (N = 2551). Family cohesion was assessed using the cohesion subscale of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES III). Analyses consisted of hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) in which a linear trajectory of family cohesion for the three groups was computed followed by a test for the effects of ethnicity with the inclusion of control variables. Thus, ethnic differences in the trajectories of family cohesion over time were examined. Neither group of Mexican Americans was significantly different from Non-Hispanic Whites in initial status. However, Mexican Americans oriented to Mexican culture showed a significant increase in family cohesion at mid adolescence. Judith C. Baer is an Associate Professor at Rutgers University. She received her Ph.D. in Social Work from the University of Houston. Her major research interests include the study of adolescent development within the contexts of culture, and family, adolescent sexual risk taking, and the nosology of mental disorders. Mark F. Schmitz is Clinical Assistant Professor at Temple University. He received his Ph.D. in sociology at Iowa State University. His major research interest involves the use of several large epidemiologic datasets for an extensive examination of the empirical basis for the diagnostic criteria of various DSM-IV mental disorders. He also is involved in research on cultural issues in child development and family processes.     

Harnessing the Power of Data to Improve Family Justice: A New Nuffield Family Justice Observatory For England and Wales

A pilot Family Justice Observatory for England and Wales is being launched in Spring 2019. Its overarching aim is to address concerns about the limited and uncertain place of empirical evidence in the family justice system. The Observatory will focus on providing intelligence about how the system is working, especially through the accelerated use of electronic population level data on family justice cases. Drawing on collaborative relationships between data providers and users, as well as policy and practice colleagues, the Observatory will improve collective understanding of the needs of children and families and how they are met by the family justice system.     

Decision Making and Justice

This article considers how judges can improve decision making, especially in cases that involve children in the family court. It looks specifically at improvements that are being implemented in England and Wales following a major review of family justice in 2011. All judges need to be well‐trained and well‐informed if they are to make the best‐quality decisions they can. Three principles underpin the approach to improving judicial decision making, which must be systematic, evidence based, and tested, and the evidence that informs judicial decisions must be robust. Collaboration among professionals in the development of good practice, its dissemination, and its application should be the acknowledged goal, and it should involve the views and perceptions of the young people and families involved.     

关于我国长期存在投资率过高、消费率过低的若干问题——评“迷思论”和“杞人忧天论”

本文针对“迷思论”和“杞人忧天论”,揭示了我国长期存在的高投资率、低消费率的客观事实;阐述了衡量投资率是否过高、消费率是否过低的理论标准;据此历数了高投资率、低消费率造成的种种严重后果;指出了上述观点并不是源自马克思主义,而是源自古典的和现代的西方经济学;分析了上述观点反映了当前我国某些特殊社会群体的利益诉求。     

农地经营体制变革的法律问题探析——以松江新体制为视点

近期兴起的“松江家庭农场经营体制”是对改革开放之后建立的“家庭承包经营体制”的重大突破。前者具有以下特色：①成为家庭农场经营者必须具备户籍、家庭人口、年龄、技能、职业活动等五个方面的条件。②家庭农场的规模较大,即80—150亩。③原始取得家庭农场经营权的依据是：流转合同加承包合同。④家庭农场经营期根据经营者是否具备条件而定。在实践中一般为三至十年。⑤家庭农场经营者在使用权、所获农产品的处分权、经营权的流转方面受到限制;⑥家庭农场经营者承担维持农业用途、维持农业生产经营、更好地保护和利用土地、缴纳土地流转费之义务。     

Family formation and everyday travel in Britain since c.1850

This paper focuses on the extent to which everyday travel behaviour in Britain changes in relation to family responsibilities, and examines how this has altered over the past century and a half. It is argued that prior to the mid-twentieth century changes in the family such as increased child-care responsibilities barely influenced the modes of transport used for everyday travel, but that increasingly in the later twentieth century people adjusted their travel behaviour during the family formation phases of the life cycle. In particular, parents of young children have become more car-dependent and less likely to walk or cycle. Data are drawn from two separate projects, one that collected travel life histories from the past half-century as context for research on cycling in later life, and one that uses personal diaries to reveal everyday mobility strategies of people in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It is argued that the observed changes are due not only to increased access to a wide range of different transport forms, especially the motor car, but also to changes in societal perceptions of risk and norms of travel behaviour. In conclusion, it is suggested that more awareness of past travel behaviours could aid the development and implementation of more sustainable transport policies in the UK.     

裁判医学在湘雅的起源与发展(英文)

裁判医学在中国的起源可追溯到19世纪20年代,并在此后得到了迅速发展。本文以湘雅医学院裁判医学的学科发展历史为主线,阐述了裁判医学的演进,包括科学理论基础、法律制度和政策支持三个方面。本文旨在探求裁判医学在湘雅医学院的发展历程,呈现中国近现代法医学的缩影,并为中国法医学发展提供历史参照。     

环境设计预防犯罪理论（CPTED）的溯源及评析

美国犯霏学家C．雷·杰弗瑞（c．Ray Jeffery）首创了CPTED这个术语,之后又发展了CPTED理论,从大处着眼,强调多策并举的综合性预防犯罪措施。而今天的CPTED理论主要是指纽曼（Newmanl或者克罗（Crowe）模式,主要从小处入手,以环境设计威慑犯罪来达到预防犯罪目的。经过40年的发展,该理论日臻成熟和完善,有了第2代CPTED,并由美国走向了世界。对CPTED理论的赞誉之词颇多,但批评之声也从来不绝于耳。唯有全面审视其评价,才能对CPTED有一个客观的认识。     

论马克思主义家庭观视阈下的领导干部家风建设

马克思恩格斯十分重视家庭在人类社会发展中的突出地位和作用,并将家庭作为唯物史观的重要范畴来加以考察和研究。新时代,领导干部的社会地位决定了人民群众对其有着较高的道德期待与角色期待,因此,领导干部的家风成为中国亿万家庭门风的风向标,对社会风气的形成具有示范和引领作用。马克思主义家庭观不仅影响着人们的家庭观念、道德观念等,而且对于解决经济社会快速发展所带来的家庭伦理危机等难题,也具有积极的现实意义。以马克思主义家庭观为指导加强领导干部优良家风建设,一方面有利于马克思主义家庭观在当代中国社会得以传播并发挥重要作用,另一方面能够推动我国家庭伦理研究向纵深发展。