Human Rights and Unfair Dismissal: Private Acts in Public Spaces

This article addresses the termination of employment because of the conduct of the employee in her leisure time, in the light of the right to private life. It explores the impact on the retention of employment of activities taking place outside the workplace and outside working hours, and argues that the approach of UK courts and tribunals, which is based on a primarily spatial conceptualisation of privacy, is flawed. A fresh approach to privacy, resting on the idea of domination, is proposed, which is sensitive to the particularities of the employment relationship. Considering the fairness enquiry in dismissal, it argues that off‐duty conduct may lead to lawful termination of employment only if there is a clear and present impact or a high likelihood of such impact on business interests; a speculative and marginal danger does not suffice. It further proposes that a particularly meticulous test is appropriate when certain suspect categories, such as the employees' sexual preferences, are at stake.     

我国惩治黑社会性质组织犯罪的刑法完善——兼论对《刑法修正案(八)(草案)》相关条款的修改建议

现行《刑法》关于黑社会性质组织犯罪的规定在司法实践中存在着理解和认定上的困难,已经不能适应惩治黑社会性质组织犯罪的新要求,有必要重视重庆打黑除恶专项斗争中暴露出的刑法规定上的不足,对《刑法修正案(八)(草案)》的相关规定予以评述并提出相应的修改建议。当前,我国没有必要制定单独的反黑社会性质组织犯罪法律。在修订《刑法》第294条时,应当区别对待组织、领导者和积极参加者、一般参加者,并设置相应的刑罚,同时应当增设第294条之一以界定黑社会性质组织。对于所有黑社会性质组织犯罪均应增设财产刑,并提高包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织犯罪的法定刑。此外,不宜将黑社会性质组织犯罪规定为特殊累犯,而应当规定为特别再犯,并提高黑社会性质组织犯罪的缓刑、减刑和假释适用标准。     

检察机关刑事被害人救助追偿制度构建

检察机关刑事被害人救助制度实施以来,取得了一定成效,但也存在具体追偿制度缺位等诸多问题。一般而言,检察机关刑事被害人救助追偿制度仅指向加害方追偿。目前,刑事被害人救助追偿制度的建构具有立法、理论和实践上的依据,具体应包括发现、追偿、处置、救济四种机制。为实现该制度的长效化,除追偿资金外,还可以探索将追缴的犯罪所得及收益、罚金和没收的财产、监管场所在押人员的劳动创收等全部或者部分纳入刑事被害人救助资金,以拓宽其资金来源渠道。     

What could Development Studies be?

Over the past 10–15 years there has been an expansion of interest in the subject of Development Studies (DS). There are now significantly more taught courses focused on DS, and research funds are booming. However, over the same period, DS has faced sustained critiques about its essential nature. This has led us to ask: what is Development Studies? And what could or should it be?     

International volunteering for development and sustainability: outdated paternalism or a radical response to globalisation?

This article discusses the history and evolution of international volunteer-sending agencies and volunteers as a response not only to symptoms but also to causes of global poverty and inequality. It considers how international volunteers might be defined, what makes their role different from other forms of overseas development assistance (particularly their contribution to capacity development), and the positives and negatives that may accompany those differences. It also reflects on international volunteers' suitability as contributors in the transition to a globally more ecologically sustainable state, presenting some insights from volunteers and other stakeholders.     

《公司法》有关公司对外担保新规定的质疑

新修改的《公司法》有关公司对外担保问题的规定,对于规范公司担保秩序有一定的积极意义,但是这些规定也有明显的局限性,主要表现在:规则的自律性和强制性交融,担保的合法有效性未得到明确;法条过于简洁,牺牲了规则的精确性,导致规则的不确定性;过度追求交易安全,片面要求股东大会对担保事项决议,损害交易效率;未给特殊的公司类型留下特别的空间,妨碍公司日常业务的合法开展;法律本身的缺憾加上有关监管规章的未紧密配套,使得有关缺憾更加明显。     

不可撤销具体行政行为研究——确认违法判决适用情形之局限及补正

不可撤销具体行政行为的理论基础是行政行为的合法性评价与有效性评价的可分性以及效力的相对性与可分性,包括效力评价不可能的具体行政行为和效力评价无必要的具体行政行为。它是确认违法判决的适用对象,但现行有关确认违法判决适用情形的规定存在较大的局限性,如“不具有可撤销内容”表述的不科学性,“公共利益”规定的武断性,且忽视了个人利益遭受重大损失的可能性。应根据不可撤销具体行政行为理论修改完善有关规定。     

论物权行为在我国民法体系中的位置

物权与债权的区分是德意志法系最具特色的制度特征之一,由于物权和债权的不同特性,由此也衍生出了各具特色的规则。其中,物权行为和债权行为的区分即为著例。物权行为制度自其诞生之日起就饱受争议。改革开放后,随着我国民法学的复苏,在民法的制定过程中,学者们对物权行为的态度也各执一词。《物权法》的颁布似乎对物权行为制度的引进与否作出了回答,但实际情况并非如此,仍需对这一重要问题进行理论探讨。     

价值澄清理论对青年学生价值观的影响及其引导

价值澄清理论对培养青年学生科学的价值观产生重要影响,但其理论的局限性也容易导致青年学生价值相对主义、价值观的从众性与价值个人主义等的彰显问题。针对这一现象,结合价值澄清理论的优点,有助工于找到青年学生价值观的积极引导方法。