菲尔德及其《纽约民法典草案》——一个半世纪后再论法典编纂之是非

一个半世纪前,在普通法背景下的美国纽约州,菲尔德提出法典编纂计划并于1862年制定了<纽约民法典草案>,该计划遭到了以卡特为代表的学者强烈反对,双方就是否要进行民法典编纂展开大战,并最终于1888年以该草案被纽约州议会否定而终结.该法典草案分为人、财产、债和一般规定四编,是用大陆法系的组织法律材料的方法整合普通法制度的一次尝试,在法典的宏观结构和具体制度上都具有一些特色.虽然它最终在原产地遭到了失败,但对美国其他一些州甚至是国外的法典编纂产生了一定的影响.现在,我们能够对该次法典编纂之是非做出我们正确的评价.     

跨境证券犯罪刑事管辖及法律适用探讨

境内与境外的证券市场适用不同的法律监管体制,跨境证券犯罪的跨境特征可能使境内境外对相关证券犯罪均具有刑事管辖权,从而引发刑事管辖冲突。对于跨境证券交易的监管和法律适用,无论是在法律规定层面还是在司法实践层面,均应遵循“主场原则”。应明确监管职能上的分工以避免适用不同法律法规的混乱情况,应体现最大的监管效能并减少区际法律冲突。跨境证券犯罪的刑事管辖权归属应充分尊重行政监管原则和考虑前置性法律的适用,并与行政管辖权归属保持一致。跨境证券犯罪的刑事管辖权归属应考虑犯罪行为社会危害的主要发生地。以内幕交易为代表的跨境证券犯罪的主要行为是“交易”,根据区际刑事管辖冲突的解决规则,应由交易行为的发生地管辖,按照交易地的刑法对相关行为进行刑事评价。     

关于提升东营市国际化水平的几点建议

东营市是典型的资源依赖型新兴城市，其发展历程和发展模式都有其自身的特点，但是单纯的依靠有限资源进行发展终究不是长久之策，多元化的发展本地产业走国际化道路是不可避免的。结合东营市的自身特点，其走向全面多元化、国际化的道路可采取以下措施：继续加大招商引资力度；继续大力扶持本地优势行业的发展；加快东营市外贸发展；优化城市投资环境。     

卫生行政处罚调查程序中相对人协力行为研究

行政调查是行政处罚的先行程序，是行政机关的重要权力活动之一，是行政处罚与决定的基础。因为卫生行政调查的专业性与技术性，相对人的协力行为对达成行政目的就显得格外重要，但是我国对其研究较少。行政协力符合行政民主化、法治化的制度选择，已成为当今行政实践重要的行政手段和行为形式。所以应该借鉴外国经验结合我国实际，在《行政程序法》的制定过程中加入此内容，建立以非法证据排除为核心的相对人救济手段，采取相关措施以约束行政权。     

Social pressure, surveillance and community size: Evidence from field experiments on voter turnout

Citizens participate in elections, at least partly, because they perceive voting as a social norm. Norms induce compliance because individuals prefer to avoid enforcement mechanisms—including social sanctions—that can be activated by uncooperative behavior. Public visibility, or surveillance, increases the likelihood of norm-compliant behavior and applies social pressure that impels individuals to act. Some scholars have linked social pressure to community size, advancing the notion that pressure to conform to social norms is heightened in smaller, less populous communities in which citizens interact frequently and where monitoring behavior is less onerous. Others argue that even highly-populated communities can exhibit “small world” properties that cause residents to be sensitive to social pressure. In this paper, I analyze data from a recent field experiment designed to test the impact of social pressure on voting taking interactions with community size into account. The findings I report suggest community size does not moderate the impact of social pressure.     

当代中国的群体性事件:形象地位变迁和分类框架再构

当代中国群体性事件形象地位的变迁有一个过程,它进入公共领域有着结构性原因.以2004年以来发生的典型群体性事件为例,采用一种互斥性更强的分类框架可以将群体性事件分为七类,它们分别是:(1)直接利益相关的原生型集体维权抗争;(2)无直接利益相关的群体泄愤事件;(3)地方政治生态恶化诱致的突发群体性事件;(4)行业集体行动...     

道家的视野、境界与情怀

道家的视野、境界与情怀三者是三而一和一而三的统一关系.若采用以道观之的视野、道法自然的境界和天道无为的情怀来对待人生,则能抵制和克服日常生活中的许多负面影响.它对现实和世界都具有很强的指导作用.     

田野工作的情感--兼论毛泽东早期调查的田野价值

田野的真实与客观只是基本功 ,在田野工作的基础上给人类营造一种和谐、完美、自然、纯净的意境 ,才是人类学学科追求的最高境界。人类学的田野工作者不仅是照相机和笔记本 ,而且更应是人类社会未来的设计者和创造者 ;不仅不能排斥情感 ,而且必须正视情感 ,融情感于田野之中 ,去除田野调查者对调查对象的漠不关心的态度 ,或单纯的文本解读、理论验证 ,以使田野由单纯的科学调查升华到对人性的关注与社会的责任。     

Field Experiments on Eyewitness Identification: Towards a Better Understanding of Pitfalls and Prospects

The Illinois pilot program on lineup procedures has helped sharpen the focus on the types of controls that are needed in eyewitness field experiments and the limits that exist for interpreting outcome measures (rates of suspect and filler identifications). A widely-known limitation of field experiments is that, unlike simulated crime experiments, the guilt or innocence of the suspects is not easily known independently of the behavior of the eyewitnesses. Less well appreciated is that the rate of identification of lineup fillers, although clearly errors, can be a misleading measure if the filler identification rate is used to assess which of two or more lineup procedures is the better procedure. Several examples are used to illustrate that there are clearly improper procedures that would yield fewer identifications of fillers than would their proper counterparts. For example, biased lineup structure (e.g., using poorly matched fillers) as well as suggestive lineup procedures (that can result from non-blind administration of lineups) would reduce filler identification errors compared to unbiased and non-suggestive procedures. Hence, under many circumstances filler identification rates can be misleading indicators of preferred methods. Comparisons of lineup procedures in future field experiments will not be easily accepted in the absence of double-blind administration methods in all conditions plus true random assignment to conditions.     

格头村苗族习惯法中的婚姻制度

雷山县是全国最集中的苗族聚居县之一,由于特殊的地理环境和历史背景,较好地保留了原始苗族习惯法文化。保留得最好,能够形成完整系统的最典型习惯法制度就是当地的婚姻制度。历史上传承下来的游方规则、结婚限制规则和结婚形式等制度与国家法多元并存,仍然发挥着重要的作用。