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201.
Géraldine Maujean M.D. Tiphaine Guinet M.D. Laurent Fanton Ph.D. Daniel Malicier Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(4):1069-1070
A 27‐year‐old man was found dead in an advanced decomposition stage at home. On external examination, his body showed petechial hemorrhages of the skin. At autopsy, petechial hemorrhages of the epicardium were found, but no sign of meningitis was detected. Toxicological investigations remained negative. Bacteriological conventional analyses showed no significant result. Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B was finally isolated on cerebrospinal fluid by a specific real‐time polymerase chain reaction. To our knowledge, there are no available data about the postmortem diagnosis of an infectious cause of death in a decomposed corpse. In such situations, the polymicrobial overgrowth usually hampers the interpretation of bacteriological conventional methods and questions their diagnostic value. Such molecular bacteriological approaches appear to constitute an important diagnostic tool for forensic scientists and should be widely processed in case of suspected infectious death or sudden death whatever the postmortem interval. 相似文献
202.
李小诗 《辽宁公安司法管理干部学院学报》2013,(4):53-54
刑事和解在司法实践中的适用虽已初步形成思路,但在具体适用范围上尤其是在死刑案件能否适用刑事和解方面仍尚无定论,以致其在司法界的大胆尝试和学界的谨慎保留中处于尴尬境地.现阶段,死刑案件适用刑事和解纵然有其合理之处,然其终究难以避免与公权力的权威、公平正义和平等观念之间的冲突.笔者认为,死刑案件中被告人与被害人之间的和解并不符合刑事和解的本义,其实为国家救济制度建立之前的一种迫不得已的救济措施.因此,刑事和解不应延伸适用到死刑等重罪案件领域,国家应尽快建立国家救济制度以代替刑事和解在死刑案件中对被害人及其亲属的救助作用. 相似文献
203.
闻韬 《山东警察学院学报》2014,(1):37-45
国外的实践表明,限制、废除死刑是国家的宏观政治决策,所以公众舆论成为左右死刑决策的重要影响因素,是自然而然的事情。我国决策机构在限制、废除死刑问题上踌躇不前,主要原因也是社会公众对死刑及其适用的强烈支持。从死刑司法与公众舆论之间的互动与交替关系出发,我们应该积极利用公众舆论与死刑司法之间的相互作用机制,形成支持废除死刑的公众舆论,为今后的死刑改革奠定有利的公众舆论基础。从日本裁判员制度实施4年以来的死刑适用现状与舆论调查结果来看,通过扩大死刑司法的公众参与,让社会成员切身感受给出死刑判决所经受的压力,是改变死刑公众舆论的有效途径,完善人民陪审员制度、建立死刑信息公开制度、规范死刑案件公众参与同样是引导公众舆论的有效途径。 相似文献
204.
205.
M. Kobek C.H. Jab?oński J. Kulikowska D. Pie?niak C.Z. Chowaniec Z. G?szczyk-O?arowski 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2009,1(1):88-90
The authors describe a rare case of lethal methadone intoxication of a 3-week-old infant. Born of a drug-addicted mother who was undergoing methadone substitution therapy, the newborn presented withdrawal symptoms and was immediately admitted to a paediatric ward where it was treated for 3 weeks, without administration of methadone. The infant died during bottle feeding within 24 h following discharge home.A post-mortem examination was performed as well as histopathological, toxicological and genetic tests were carried out in order to establish the cause and mode of death.The autopsy revealed obstruction of the lower air passages by stomach contents along with classical features of asphyxia. Toxicological tests revealed high concentrations of methadone and its metabolite in blood and urine as well as presence of methadone in stomach contents, and the DNA polymorphism analysis of the (sex-specific) amelogenin locus gave a negative result.On the basis of the results of the post-mortem examination, the laboratory tests and the police investigation, it was concluded that the drug was ingested with the bottle milk, and the possibility of administration of methadone at the hospital or its ingestion with the breast milk was precluded. Though both the cause and mode of death were established, the public prosecutor discontinued proceedings in the case due to inability to find the perpetrator. 相似文献
206.
Chang Hua Wong Seok Hwee Koo George Qiongze She Paul Chui Edmund Jon Deoon Lee 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2009,192(1-3):53-55
We analyzed the coding regions of the cardiac calcium-handling genes, ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and calsequestrin 2 (CASQ2) for genetic variants in a healthy Chinese population (n = 95) and in a cohort of 28 sudden unexplained death victims. Mutations in RyR2 and CASQ2 have been shown to alter calcium homeostasis during excitation–contraction coupling and predispose individuals to fatal cardiac arrhythmias. The genetic screening was accomplished by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and DNA sequencing methods. Genetic analysis revealed the following non-synonymous genetic variations: two reported RyR2 polymorphisms; 5654G>A (G1885E) and 5656G>A (G1886S), two reported CASQ2 polymorphisms; 196A>G (T66A) and 226G>A (V76M) and one novel CASQ2 mutation; 529G>C (E177Q). The functional significance of the novel CASQ2 mutation has not been evaluated and characterized. This study shows that multiple genetic variations of the RyR2 and CASQ2 genes exist in the two study populations. The inter-individual genetic variability may underlie the different susceptibility of individuals to developing ventricular tachycardia. The research results will be valuable for which future work involving clinical and forensic samples can be based upon to distinguish potential disease-associated mutations from common polymorphisms. 相似文献
207.
宋磊 《广西政法管理干部学院学报》2009,24(2):45-48
死刑是一种处罚犯罪人的最高刑罚,我国《刑事诉讼法》第二百一十二条第二款规定:“死刑采用枪决或注射等方式执行。”这样,在我国就出现了两种死刑执行方式并存的局面。然而,这与刑罚的目的、刑法的基本原则以及刑法的谦押精神是相背离的,从死刑执行方式发展的历史上看也是不符合其规律的。因此,将死刑的执行方式统一于注射成为今后我国执行死刑的必然趋势。 相似文献
208.
Adair TW 《Journal of forensic sciences》2008,53(5):1212-1213
In the summer of 2005 an adult hiker was killed in a fall in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado (U.S.A.). His body was subsequently colonized by the blowfly Calliphora vicina (Diptera: Calliphoridae). The body was discovered 9 days later at an elevation of 3475 m (11,400 feet). This is the first report of C. vicina on a human corpse at this elevation in Colorado. This paper provides additional confirmation of this fly colonizing a human corpse at high elevations in Colorado. 相似文献
209.
Abstract: The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) poses a major threat to TB control efforts. We report a case of a 50-year-old man with pulmonary TB. The scene investigation had initially suspected for homicide; however, the result of medico-legal autopsy demonstrated natural cause of death. Statistical data suggest that the rates of national mortality by respiratory TB decreased in the last decades in Hungary; however, an increasing TB mortality was detected in the capital Budapest. Facing a new mortality trend in TB, the forensic scene investigation and determination of manner of death represent new challenges for practitioners. 相似文献
210.
Given that most fatal hangings are suicidal and occur in locations that have been selected to conceal this activity (thus maximizing the chances of a lethal outcome), there has been very little corroboration of the speed with which unconsciousness and death may occur. A 35-year-old male is reported who committed suicide by hanging immediately after talking to his spouse. Police investigations confirmed her reliability as a witness indicating that lethal anoxia in this case had occurred within a very short time (most likely in less than 1 min) of suspension. The speed with which death may result from hanging not only gives an insight into fatal pathophysiological mechanisms, but also provides useful information for situations where a lethal outcome is to be avoided, or is not intended. For example, individuals at risk of suicide who are being monitored in institutional facilities need to be constantly under direct visual surveillance as significant hypoxia can be rapidly induced, parents and caregivers with infants and children in potentially unsafe sleeping environments need to realize how swiftly death or irreversible anoxic brain damage may occur from neck compression, and those who engage in recreational asphyxia should be informed just how quickly a fatal outcome may ensue. 相似文献