治安管理处罚的民主精神简论

治安管理处罚法在立法宗旨、立法原则及处罚程序的设定等法律条文中,处处体现出社会主义民主精神,是对以往公安行政立法的发展和完善。治安管理处罚法的通过和实施,对规范和保障公安机关在治安管理处罚活动中严格执法、尊重和保障人权,构建和谐社会,都具有重要意义。     

刑法中的正当化行为与犯罪构成关系的理性思考

与大陆法系、英美法系均将刑法中的正当化行为置于犯罪构成体系之中的做法所不同的是 ,刑法中的正当化行为是游离于我国传统的耦合式犯罪构成体系之外的一个“活泼元素”。这样的关系 ,与现代刑事法治的精神不相契合 ,实有认真检讨和改进的必要。英美法系双层次犯罪构成模式为刑法中的正当化行为的纳入 ,尤其是超法规的正当化行为的充分展开 ,不仅提供了极其广阔的空间 ,而且因赋予其程序要件的色彩 ,从而突出强调了程序正义的价值 ,推动了宪法在刑事领域的司法化。因之 ,借鉴英美法系双层次犯罪构成的结构模式 ,吸纳我国传统犯罪构成体系中的合理成份 ,实现经验与理性的沟通 ,应当成为改造我国传统的耦合式犯罪构成体系的努力方向。     

《治安管理处罚法》实施中存在的问题及建议

《治安管理处罚法》自2006年3月1日实施以来,在取得初步成效的同时,也显现出一些新问题,诸如治安处罚、传唤等有待进一步完善。     

论建立我国无效行政行为制度

无效行政行为是指不具有公定力 ,完全不发生法律效力的行政行为 ,我国立法虽对此有所规定 ,但并未与可撤销行为作具体区分 ,这不利于贯彻行政法治 ,不利于保护公民权益。我国应当建立包括无效的认定标准、认定方式和程序、法律后果等在内的无效行政行为制度。     

《森林法》修改的几个问题

作者提出了《中华人民共和国森林法》修改的基本思路,主张修改后的《森林法》应该成为森林资源法律子体系中的核心法律,林业行业的基本法律,即全面反映当代新型林业和森林资源在我国经济、社会和环境建设中重要地位和全面作用。认为在修改《森林法》时,必须坚持以可持续发展观为指导,体现当代环境资源法的基本理念,在有关问题上与国际法接轨,认真总结和吸收国内有关环境资源和林业的法制建设经验。《森林法》修改应该建立在对森林的性质、特点和作用的科学认识的基础上,针对我国现实存在的森林资源环境问题,突出森林保护和森林生态建设,加强对经济手段和市场机制的采用,加强对公众参与等社会调整机制的采用。     

关于探索和完善上海应急处置体系的思考

当前,世界各国越来越重视对突发事件应急处置体系的建立和完备,相比之下,我国在这方面还显得比较落后,存在很多薄弱环节。因此,对上海这座国际性大都市来说,建立以“六种能力”为核心内容的城市应急处置体系,已成为摆在我们面前的又一重要课题。     

The Enjoyment of Rights and Freedoms: A New Conception of the 'Ambit' under Article 14 ECHR

Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights, as applied by the UK judiciary under the Human Rights Act 1998, is in danger of becoming as 'parasitic' as it is often described. Judges have inappropriately narrowed the scope of the 'ambit' of other Convention articles, and thus limited the number of claims to which Article 14 can apply, by defining it according to considerations more properly weighed in a justification analysis incorporating proportionality. The emerging approach departs from Strasbourg jurisprudence, and fails to give full effect to the language and intent of Article 14. This trend need not continue. This article begins the process of fashioning a new conception of the ambit of Convention articles: one that could change the fortunes of Article 14 cases in the UK, but that flows naturally from the precedents of the European Court of Human Rights, and gives effect to the spirit of the HRA.     

试析《公务员法》职位分类制度的创新

同1993年国务院发布的《国家公务员暂行条例》中有关职位分类制度的规定相比,2005年全国人大常委会通过的《中华人民共和国公务员法》中设计的职位分类制度有许多创新之处,具体体现在职位类别划分更为科学、职务序列设置更加多样化、级别的内涵与功能更为明确等方面。     

Trusts for Religious Purposes and the Question of Public Benefit

It is a well‐established principle that no trust may be regarded as charitable in law unless carrying out its purposes will benefit the public. Trusts for religious purposes have traditionally been presumed by courts to be for the public benefit. However, the presumption of public benefit will be removed from the law in early 2008 when section 3(2) of the Charities Act 2006 comes into force. At that time, two questions are likely to attract interest. First, to what extent, and in what ways, has the application of a presumption of public benefit assisted courts up to now? Secondly, without the assistance of the presumption, how might courts go about ascertaining whether the public will benefit in future cases? The article takes up these two questions with respect to trusts for religious purposes.     

The W***D C*P of 2*1*: FIFA's intellectual property rights in South Africa

Legal context: This article focuses on the relationship between trade markrights and other forms of statutory protection. Key points: FIFA is the proprietor of a number of trade mark registrationsin South Africa. The strength of these registrations is discussedand the view taken that a number are open to attack, in termsof both distinctiveness and user requirements. It is then shownthat, if statutory protection is given for the same words andphrases, the weaknesses of the trade mark registrations willbe avoided. Practical significance: The article serves as an illustration of the manner in whichinternational sporting bodies attempt to extend their IP protectionbeyond the bounds of existing legislation.