美国社区矫正的成功典范--迪兰西街矫正中心

北京正在进行社区矫正制度的试点建设.总部位于美国旧金山的迪兰西街矫正中心在30余年的发展中,将数以千计的重罪假释犯、吸毒犯罪者、被社会抛弃的流浪汉等改造为追求美好生活的新人,成为美国社区矫正的成功典范,其经验值得借鉴.     

PATH: pioneering innovation for global health at the public–private interface

Seattle-based PATH is one of the world’s largest not-for profit organisations focused on improving health in low-income countries. This article argues the history of this understudied organisation is critical to understanding how collective action focused on facilitating developing countries’ access to essential health technologies is structured. Since its establishment almost 40 years ago, the organisation has been a catalyst for multidisciplinary public–private collaboration that has produced affordable, culturally appropriate health technologies. From its origins in reproductive health, enabling contraceptive technology transfers and advising on regulatory standards, to its more recent managerial roles in the development of inexpensive vaccines produced in developing countries, PATH has repeatedly illustrated how public–private collaboration in product research and development can increase poor populations’ access to essential health technologies. This in turn has provided substance to the contested narrative that engaging business is critical to reducing global health disparities.     

论马克思哲学与时俱进理论品质的内在学理根据及其方法论意义

重塑哲学解释功能、建构哲学改造功能,使科学的解释功能和改造功能成为新哲学的两个相互联系的重要特性,是马克思哲学与时俱进理论品质的内在学理根据,它寓于马克思对旧的哲学形态的批判过程中。马克思重塑哲学的解释功能、建构哲学的改造功能的方法和逻辑给予当代中国马克思主义哲学研究的启示是极其重要的。我们今天重新认识马克思哲学与时俱进的理论品质的目的就在于从中寻找当代中国马克思主义哲学研究与时俱进的方法和逻辑。     

中亚国家经济转型的政治-制度基础:来自中国的经验

中亚地区由于地理上和经济上的重要性,以及其尚未完成的转型进程,日益成为国际上高度关注的焦点.本文的目的是详细说明经济转型过程中一个牢靠的政治-制度基础(politico-institutional foundation)是必不可少的;本文还要探讨中亚国家建立这样一个基础的方法.出于相似政治方面的条件,本文把表现出色的中国作为中亚国家发展方向的范例.     

论警察公共关系的制度基础

建设警察公共关系对于公安工作来说具有重要的意义。要促进警察公共关系的长期发展,必须构筑起保障其持续改进的制度基础,即继续深化公安行政审批制度改革;科学合理地建设与完善公安执法服务承诺制度;加快推进警务公开制度;树立能力本位的管理理念,建立公安队伍管理长效机制;真正确立“执法为民”思想,建立人权保障制度。     

法律援助制度的几个问题

中国法律援助经历了从 1 994年初起发展到今天的过程。法律援助的概念有广、狭二义之分 ;其性质是法律之助 ,即援助公民个人或者人民法院不向受援人收费或者少收、缓收从而在法律方面提供帮助以维护其合法权益的行为。法律援助的特别包括 :具有国家、社会承担援助的公助性 ;受援人享受法律援助的无偿性和优惠性 ;律师、公证员等提供帮助的法律专业性。法律援助的理论基础有四 :权利保障之要求 ;实现控、辩双方力度平衡之条件 ;司法公正之所需和扶贫助弱法制化发展之必然     

两岸授权民间团体的协议行为研究

两岸协议行为是国家统一前,两岸特定民间团体接受官方授权或者委托,就解决两岸交往中衍生的具体问题进行商谈,达成相关协议的法律行为。两岸协议行为的产生有其内在逻辑——它源于秩序建构之需要,基于一中原则之确立,成于双向需求之均衡,在形式上具有民间性、事务性、功能性的特点。两岸法制的差异在很大程度上决定了两岸对协议行为的主体、授权及效力等的不同定位。现阶段,在祖国大陆,两岸协议无论采取何种方式加以实施,都只具有相当于部委规章或最高法院司法解释的效力。台湾当局将两岸协议定位为“准国际条约”、“准行政协定”,是其将两岸关系等同于“准国际关系”的必然结果,这种有悖一个中国原则的政策立场是台湾当局迄今拒绝回归“九二共识”的一个重要原因。     

Governing the Safety and Security of the Malacca Strait: The Nippon Foundation between States and Industry

ABSTRACT

Despite long-standing sovereignty sensitivities, the Malacca and Singapore Straits have been the site of co-operative governance and regime building. Of note is the 2007 Co-operative Mechanism of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore, characterised as a milestone achievement in regional co-operation towards improved safety and security in the Straits. Yet, well before the Co-operative Mechanism were also earlier instances of co-operation dating to the 1970s – specifically between the Straits’ littoral states under a tripartite framework and Japanese actors through the Malacca Strait Council. In addition to providing a template for the Co-operative Mechanism, these arrangements offer alternative models of governance and regime building that challenge conventional characterisations of “regional governance” – what it looks like, as well as its driving actors. This article considers the significance of these early efforts, with attention to the ways that the region’s developmental context bears on the actors, structures and processes of governance in Southeast Asia. Not only does this historical process of co-operation give expression to alternative governing arrangements composed of mixed actors and obligations, but an unconventional governance agent – the Nippon Foundation – has played an especially defining role in bringing actors to the table and substantiating the co-operative process.