内标法固相提取-GC/MS检测海洛因吸食者尿液中代谢物

本文建立了以SKF-525A作内标、GDX－301作固相提取剂、用GC／MS方法测定海洛因吸食者尿液中代谢物浓度的方法。系统考查了吗啡、单乙酰吗啡的提取回收率、线性关系等指标。所建立的方法对吗啡和单乙酰吗啡的回收率均大于80％;最小检测浓度小于0.1μg／ml;用代谢物特征离子与内标物特征离子峰高比法测定吗啡与单乙酰吗啡的浓度,在每ml尿添加0．25μg～250μg范围内,二者均有良好的提取线性关系。并对几例海洛因滥用者的尿液进行了检测。     

抗GC血清的制备及鉴定

作者用分离纯化的GC蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备了抗GC血清。鉴定结果表明,抗GC血清与进口商品抗GC血清特异性相同;与人血清其他蛋白没有交叉反应。琼脂双向扩散法测得抗血清效价为128;可检出GC蛋白的最低浓度为3.1μg/ml。免疫电泳法可测出入血清三种GC表型。     

生物检材中乌头碱的GC/MS分析

目的 建立GC/MS-SIM检测生物检材中乌头碱的定性方法。方法 以MSTFA作为衍生化试剂,吡啶为溶剂,于60℃反应30min,综合质谱图及保留时间定性分析。结果 经该方法测得乌头碱最小检出量为20ng(S/N≥100)。结论 GC/MS-SIM法适用于药材及生物检材中乌头碱的定性分析。     

毛发中甲基苯丙胺及代谢产物苯丙胺的分析研究

介绍了毛发中甲基苯丙胺（ MAMP）及代谢产物苯丙胺（ AMP）的 GC/NPD、 GC/MS的定性定量分析方法。毛发用 0.1 mol/L HCl水解, 4－苯基丁胺（ 4－ PBA）为内标,液－液提取,三氟乙酸酐（ TFA）衍生化。毛发用量为 10mg,检出限为 GC/NPD 0.5ng/mg, GC/MS 0.1ng/mg,回收率大于 78％。该方法成功应用于染毒豚鼠毛发中 MAMP及其代谢产物 AMP浓度变化过程的测定。     

Practical benzylation of N,N-substituted ethanolamines related to chemical warfare agents for analysis and detection by electron ionization gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

The benzylation of three low molecular weight N,N-disubstituted ethanolamines related to chemical warfare agents (CWAs) to furnish derivatives with improved gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) profiles is described. Due to their low molecular weight and polar nature, N,N-disubstituted ethanolamines are notoriously difficult to detect by routine GC-MS analyses during Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) proficiency tests (PTs), particularly in scenarios when they are present at low levels (~1–10 ppm) amidst more abundant interferences. Our studies revealed that the optimal derivatization conditions involved the treatment of the ethanolamine with benzyl bromide in the presence of an inorganic base (e.g., Na₂CO₃) in dichloromethane at 55°C for 2 h. This optimized set of conditions was then successfully applied to the derivatization of N,N-dimethylethanolamine, N,N-diethylethanolamine and N,N-diisopropylethanolamine present separately at 1 and 10 μg/mL concentrations in a glycerol-rich matrix sample featured in the 48th OPCW PT. The benzylated derivatives of the three ethanolamines possessed retention times long enough to clear the massive glycerol-containing matrix interferences. The protocol herein is introduced as an alternative method for derivatization of these CWA and pharmaceutically important species and should find broad applicability in laboratories where routine forensic analysis is carried out.     

万灵杀虫剂的检验

通过选用合适的展开剂和适当的显现方法,对万灵杀虫剂及其有关中毒检材进行了薄层色谱分析,并对样品和处理后的检材用薄层层析法净化,做了进一步的气相色谱分析,从而建立了万灵杀虫剂的分析方法.     

杀虫剂麦巨丰的检验方法

介绍了合成杀虫剂麦巨丰的检验方法,特点是简便、快速、准确,具有实用性.     

盐酸曲玛多的检验

本文运用气相色谱和薄层层析建立了盐酸曲玛多的定性、定量检验方法,采用内标控制,并进行了回收率测算.     

甲氰菊酯在家兔体内的死后分布研究

目的建立甲氰菊酯家兔灌胃染毒致死模型和生物检材中甲氰菊酯的气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱联用检测方法,研究甲氰菊酯在家兔体内的死后分布规律。方法家兔6只,甲氰菊酯经口灌胃染毒,死亡后迅速解剖,取心血、外周血、肝等组织,气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱联用法检测甲氰菊酯含量;部分组织经甲醛固定,HE染色,光镜观察其病理改变。结果家兔染毒后2～3h出现中毒表现,染毒后4.5～8h死亡。气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱联用法均检测到甲氰菊酯。甲氰菊酯在家兔体内死后分布为胃壁（458.92±32.82）μg/g、肾（46.47±6.30）μg/g、肝（35.79±20.11）μg/g、大脑（28.77±10.52）μg/g、心（26.49±4.10）μg/g、脾（22.23±5.37）μg/g、胆汁（10.87±1.42）μg/mL、肺（10.32±0.78）μg/g、周围血（8.14±1.12）μg/mL和心血（8.20±1.83）μg/mL。结论甲氰菊酯的灌胃染毒致死模型、气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱联用检测方法及死后分布规律可应用于甲氰菊酯中毒死亡案件的法医学鉴定及法医毒物动力学研究。     

Determination of a newly encountered designer drug "p-methoxyethylamphetamine" and its metabolites in human urine and blood

A newly synthesized designer drug, para-methoxyethylamphetamine (PMEA) was unexpectedly detected in the postmortem specimens of fatality involving drug intoxication in 2005, Japan. For unequivocal identification, the isomeric discrimination of PMEA and its positional-isomers was performed by GC/MS with the trifluoroacetylation. In order to prove the intake of PMEA, the characteristic metabolites of PMEA were also identified by GC/MS analysis of the urine specimen with trifluoroacetylation. As a result, para-methoxyamphetamine, para-hydroxyethylamphetamine (POHEA) and para-hydroxyamphetamine were identified as the major metabolites of PMEA. For the quantitative analyses of PMEA and its three metabolites in body fluids, an automated column-switching LC/MS procedure was developed, and applied to the postmortem blood and urine specimens. In this fatal case, blood concentration of PMEA was estimated to be 12.2 microg/mL and this level seemed extremely high in comparison with lethal blood-levels of its analogues, representing acute-intoxication of the victim. Based on the quantitative results, PMEA was found to be extensively metabolized to POHEA via O-demethylation, partly followed by its conjugation.