Toxicological analysis after asphyxial suicide with helium and a plastic bag

A 23-year-old man was found on a raised hide in lying position, the head wrapped in a plastic bag connected with a helium gas cylinder by a polypropylene tube. The autopsy did not show any specific findings nor did the routine toxicological analysis reveal significant information regarding the cause of death (BAC 0.9 mg/g, diphenhydramine 0.81 μg/ml in heart serum). For the detection of helium in the lungs, gas samples from both lungs were collected by a method ensuring minimal dilution. Gas analyses were performed using a GC–MS with a split–splitless injector and a headspace syringe. As carrier gas the commonly used helium was replaced by nitrogen. Helium was found in clearly elevated concentrations in gas samples from both lungs. Therefore, suffocation by breathing helium enriched, and thus oxygen deficient atmosphere, can strongly be assumed as the cause of death.     

GC/MS和GC法定性定量分析可卡因

目的建立用于可卡因案件检验鉴定的GC和GC/MS定性、定量分析方法。方法通过选择和优化,建立GC、GC/MS法检验可卡因的最佳分析条件;用分别含0.6mg/ml地西泮为内标的0.10、0.20、0.40、0.60、0.80、1.00、1.20mg/ml可卡因标准品乙醇液,考察线性范围和方法检测限。结果分析方法线性方程:GC/FID,Y=1.055X-0.0021,R2=0.9999,GC/NPD,Y=0.556X-0.0016,R2=0.9996;可卡因检测限:GC/FID法10ng,GC/NPD法2ng;分别以所建GC/FID、GC/NPD分析方法和内标法对案件中缴获的可卡因毒品进行定量分析,结果为72%±2.3%,且两方法定量重现性良好。结论本文所建方法可以用于可卡因涉毒案件的检验鉴定。     

生物试样中巴比妥类药物固相提取柱上衍生化GC/MS分析

建立生物试样中常见巴比妥类药物的固相提取和柱上衍生化GC／MS分析法。将预制的血或肝分别在pH6．0和pH2.2的条件下过预活化的GDX－403吸附小柱，再用缓冲浪和蒸馏水各4ml顺序洗柱。最后用4ml丙酮／氯仿（1：1）溶剂洗脱样品，离心弃除水相，80℃挥至近干，用50μl乙醇定溶、取净化的样品2～4μl挥至近干，加20μl0．2molTMAH衍生化试剂，直接进样0.5μl，柱上衍生化GC／MS（GC）分析。在试验条件下，当血和肝分别添加2．0μg和5．0μg混合药物，回收率≥80％，相对标准差（RSD）优于±10％，检测限优于5ng（信／噪比≥2）。该法能有效地排除类脂物和组胺的干扰，可用于治疗量级药物分析和婴幼儿中毒案检验。     

GC／MS检测尿中4种苯氧羧酸类除草剂

目的建立尿中2，4-D、2，4-DP、MCPA、MCPP等4种苯氧羧酸类除草剂的分析方法；方法液液提取分离，乙醚为提取液，DCPA为内标，硫酸正丁醇酯化衍生化，气质联用分析法分析；结果尿中4种除草剂添加样品的相对回收率在80％以上，检测限都在5ng／ml以下，对中毒兔尿样进行了分析；结论对实际发生的中毒案件分析有足够的灵敏度。     

毒品“麻古”的提取与GC／MS检验

目的建立毒品“麻古”的检测方法。方法利用不同前处理方法对毒品“麻古”进行定性分析。结果在碱性条件下可提高毒品“麻古”的提取率。结论该方法可以对毒品“麻古”进行准确定性。     

Simple and simultaneous quantification of cyanide,ethanol, and 1-propanol in blood by headspace GC–MS/NPD with Deans switch dual detector system

Cyanide is a powerful and rapidly acting poison. In Japan, cyanide poisoning is rare, and regular cyanide testing can be costly and time consuming. In contrast, alcohol analysis is routinely performed in most forensic laboratories. In this study, we attempted to develop a method for the simultaneous quantification of cyanide and alcohols in blood using headspace gas chromatography (HS–GC). As nitrogen-phosphorus detection (NPD) is more sensitive to hydrogen cyanide than mass spectrometry (MS), a Deans switch was used to switch the detectors during a single run. The separation provided by three analytical columns, PoraBOND Q, CP-Sil 5 CB, and HP-INNOWax, was investigated, and PoraBOND Q was selected. The use of HS–GC–MS/NPD with a Deans switch enabled the simple and simultaneous quantification of cyanide, ethanol, and 1-propanol. Eighteen other volatile compounds were detected in the SIM/scan mode of the MS.     

Analysis of the Identification of Decriminalization of Loan Defrauding from the Perspective of Self－Responsibility Benchmark

The current criminal law on loan defrauding is flawed. It requires reflection and improvement. On the basis of an empirical research into the precedent loan defrauding cases, under the guidance of the self－responsibility theory, this article advocates the timely decriminalization of the borrower as the victim and calls to account the lender’s legal responsibility. Legal enforcement on negative responsibility and the practical criminal law interpretation provides support for this measure. The rationale of the decriminalization of the borrower and the legal responsibility of the lender should be ensured according to the principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified purpose, instead of any arbitrary expansion of its application. Its purport is to seek an effective path for the balance and coordination between the borrower and the lender in their interest relationship, so as to solve actual problems such as financing difficulties in practice, which is a comprehensive and effective protection for both sides’ legal interests, and is an innovation and harmonious development of the socialist market economy in our country.     

成人高校学报编辑应强化十种意识

成人高校学报编辑应强化导向意识，为社会主义市场经济的发展，发挥正确舆论导向作用；强化精品意识，力争办出一流的精品期刊；强化特色意识，构造本院学报的独特造型；强化策化意识，对学报进行全方位的设计和谋篇布局；强化创新意识，开拓别人未曾涉足的处女地；强化信息意识，将有价值的信息运用到选题、组稿、审稿、加工等各个环节；强化读者意识，向读者靠扰，与读者需求接轨；强化质量意识，增强刊物的生命力；强化竞争意识，增强市场博击本领 ;强化敬业爱岗意识，就能在学术上有建树，事业上有成就。     

2例收缴“麻果”中主要成分的检验报道

1案例简介 案例1 2005年10月，新疆乌市公安局刑侦支队缉毒民警在乌市利华酒店大厅抓获犯罪嫌疑人路某某，在其随身携带的褐色夹包内缴获“麻果”药片20粒。药片均为圆型，片剂，黄连素药片大小，呈玫瑰红、浅桔红、深桔红或苹果绿，上面印有“R”、“WY”、“66”、“888”等标记，外观与摇头丸相似。     

GC／MS法检验杀扑磷

杀扑磷(methidathion),又名甲噻硫磷,灭达松,商品名称:速扑杀(Supracide),化学名称:5-2,3一二氢-5-甲氧基-2-氧代-1,3,4-硫二氮卓()-3基甲基O,O-二甲基二硫代磷酸酯,分子式:C6H11N2O4PS3,分子量:302,结构式见图1。理化性质:纯品为无色结晶,20℃时比重1.495,熔点39℃～40℃,蒸气压186.6×10-6Pa,20℃时溶解度水中250mg/L,丙酮中690g/L,乙醇中260g/L,环已酮中850g/L,二甲苯中600g/L。制剂由有效成分和稳定剂、乳化剂、溶剂及染料组成,外观为深蓝色液体,比重1.04～1.08,闪点24℃～28℃。据中国农药毒性分级标准,杀扑磷是一种广谱、高毒的…