毒鼠强慢性中毒1例

１９９９年７月份，笔者在受理一起投毒所致１３人中毒的案件（前后达近４个月之久）。由于详细了解案情和中毒症状，制定了可靠、有效的检验方案，有针对性的提取检材，用气－质联用仪准确及时地作出鉴定，为抢救中毒的病人提供依据，为惩治犯罪提供准确可靠的科学结论。现将这起案件的详细情况报道如下，目的是在日常工作遇到类似的案件，确保不误诊、不漏检、错检。１９９９年３月初的一天，蓬莱市某村村民王某某在田间劳动中突然发病。四肢抽搐，神志不清，跌倒，后被人抬回家。经村医生给服用镇静药物治疗，症状稍微有点缓解。紧接着，…     

SPME-GC-MS法快速检测尿液中的甲基苯丙胺

目的建立SPME-GC-MS快速检测吸毒人员尿液中的甲基苯丙胺的方法。方法以SPME法提取尿液中的甲基苯丙胺,以1-萘胺作内标,用GC-MS法检测。结果在2～2000ng/mL的范围内呈线性关系(r=0.9985,n=7),甲基苯丙胺的检测限为0.5ng/mL(信噪比3),在低、中、高(200、500、1000ng/mL)浓度的平均相对回收率为102.6%、98.5%、93.2%,日内及日间RSD分别小于8.1%、7.2%。结论用此方法检测尿液中的甲基苯丙胺,灵敏度高,简单快速,易操作,适用于吸毒人员的快速定性定量检测。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定血液中乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷

目的建立血液中乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷（ethyl glucuronide,EtG）的气相色谱-串联质谱（GC-MS/MS）测定方法。方法血液用乙腈沉淀蛋白,离心后,将上清液转移吹干,残留物经N,O-双（三甲基硅烷基）三氟乙酰胺衍生化,用GC-MS/MS进行检测。结果血液中EtG的检出限为0.05μg/mL,线性范围为0.1～10μg/mL（r=0.9999）。对送检案例血液检材进行EtG检测,效果良好。结论本方法适用于血液中EtG的检测。     

The Initial Changes of Fat Deposits During the Decomposition of Human and Pig Remains

Abstract:  The early stages of adipocere formation in both pig and human adipose tissue in aqueous environments have been investigated. The aims were to determine the short-term changes occurring to fat deposits during decomposition and to ascertain the suitability of pigs as models for human decomposition. Subcutaneous adipose tissue from both species after immersion in distilled water for up to six months was compared using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Changes associated with decomposition were observed, but no adipocere was formed during the initial month of decomposition for either tissue type. Early-stage adipocere formation in pig samples during later months was detected. The variable time courses for adipose tissue decomposition were attributed to differences in the distribution of total fatty acids between species. Variations in the amount of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were also detected between species. The study shows that differences in total fatty acid composition between species need to be considered when interpreting results from experimental decomposition studies using pigs as human body analogs.     

A preliminary investigation into the use of FTIR microscopy as a probe for the identification of bullet entrance holes and the distance of firing

FTIR spectroscopy has been found to be a valuable probe for the analysis of the distribution of organic components such as nitroglycerine in gunshot residues deposited on and around the bullet entrance hole of the clothing of the victim in short range firearm discharges. The method can be utilised for the detection and estimation of organic gunshot residues (OGSR) on the hands and clothing of the shooter. The method is specific and sensitive and is likely to be free from interference from, for example, environmental pollution. The method shows potential to be utilised as a suitable alternative to the widely used SEM-EDX analysis of the total contents of lead, barium and antimony present in the gunshot deposits around the bullet entrance hole. The method was tested in the laboratory and the results were validated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).     

三种酸类易制毒化学品的衍生化气相色谱—质谱鉴定

基于五氟苄基溴（PFBBr）微波衍生化的气相色谱—质谱（GC-MS）鉴定N-乙酰邻氨基苯甲酸、邻氨基苯甲酸和苯乙酸三种酸类易制毒化学品,以苯甲酸为内标物。N-乙酰邻氨基苯甲酸衍生化产物特征碎片峰为119、181、317、359;邻氨基苯甲酸衍生化产物特征碎片峰为119、181、317;苯乙酸衍生化产物特征碎片峰为91、181、316。检测结果与直接测试比较,色谱峰型明显改善,检测灵敏度提高,检测限（S/N=3∶1）3~12ng。该方法可以用于N-乙酰邻氨基苯甲酸、邻氨基苯甲酸和苯乙酸的鉴定。