Decision Making in Autocratic Regimes: A Poliheuristic Perspective

This paper applies the poliheuristic theory of foreign policy decision making to non-democratic states. Poliheuristic theory asserts that state leaders assign primary importance to their political survival; however, the meaning of "the political" varies dramatically from country to country. Furthermore, the types of actors who hold leaders politically accountable also vary between countries. Consequently, leaders often pursue vastly different means of ensuring their political survival. The author uses the common distinction between single-party, military, and personalist autocracies to show that apparently arbitrary differences in autocratic leaders' political concerns actually vary in systematic and potentially predictable ways. Because this argument is generalized to non-democratic states as a whole, it has important implications for the ways in which democratic states craft their policies toward autocracies.     

弘扬与时俱进的理论品质把握科学发展观的深刻内涵

与时俱进是马克思主义的基本理论品质,是中国共产党保持强大生命力的根本要求,理论创新和实践创新是马克思主义与时俱进品质的具体体现,科学发展观是马克思主义基本理论的再发展,是推动中国社会主义现代化建设的重要理论命题.     

从传播学视角看当前高校学报编辑的办刊理念

在当前高校学报改革、发展的形势下,学报编辑特别是地方性、行业性高校学报的编辑,要认识学报的传媒性质,树立受众需求至上、加强问题研究、重视深层传播效果的办刊理念,走内涵式发展的道路.     

新世纪妇女理论研究的视点探析

新世纪妇女理论研究面临的新环境、新课题和新要求 ,要求我国妇女理论研究应关注以下五个问题 :以全球化背景下国际社会普遍面临的妇女问题为核心的共生性问题研究 ;以应对体制转型时期女性突出问题为核心的对策性妇女问题研究 ;以促进妇女权益实现为核心的体制创新性妇女理论研究 ;以实现妇女问题解决为核心的条件性妇女理论研究 ;以探索中国妇女运动发展规律为核心的妇女理论研究     

猪源隐孢子虫感染小鼠模型的建立

应用不同醋酸地塞米松剂量和不同猪源隐孢子虫sucp株卵囊剂量建立了昆明系小鼠感染模型。结果表明,用DEX免疫抑制的感染小鼠均排出隐孢子虫卵囊,非免疫抑制感染组和空白对照组小鼠均没有排出卵囊。卵囊排出高峰期平均在感染后第5~12 d,高峰期的OPG值为5.53×105~17.97×105。组织切片和扫描电镜观察结果显示,在十二指肠、空肠和回肠都有隐孢子虫虫体寄生,其中回肠黏膜微绒毛上的虫体数量较多。合适的卵囊和DEX剂量为每只17日龄小白鼠感染10×105个猪源隐孢子虫卵囊和灌胃DEX 0.03 mg/d。     

美国的法律家长主义理论与实践

在美国法上,法律家长主义是指法律为了当事人自身的利益而限制其自治。在理论上,对法律家长主义争论主要是从法律经济学和法律价值论两个维度进行的,对家长主义式的规定有无效率、法律是否应保持价值中立和自治这一价值在法律中的地位进行探讨。在实践中,法律家长主义在美国合同法、行政法和宪法中有着广泛的应用,对当事人的缔约自由、表达自由、平等权等进行限制,对市场经济和社会保障中的某些行为予以规制。     

Schools and the prevention of petty crime: Search for a missing link

Earlier research on the relation between school features and petty crime suggests that schools can intentionally influence the crime rate of the pupils. These findings were the starting point for a Dutch study at secondary schools of the same type in Dutch towns. The study focused on effects on the delinquency of third-year low-stream pupils (aged 15–17). For the study a control theory was formulated, a conditional control theory, which, in contrast to Hirschi's social control theory, recognizes possible delinquent influences of the pupils' network. In the study a strong statistical relation between integration of pupils in school and petty crime was found. However, I found almost no influence of the studied school features on integration and petty crime. These results led to the question whether the real important feature of schools had been neglected in the study. This seems not to be the case. A multilevel analysis shows that it is unlikely that there is major impact of schools on the integration of pupils, on delinquency, or on the relationship between integration and delinquency. This can be the result of special aspects of the Dutch school system and of the neglect of theory in earlier research.     

论科学发展观的理论基础和现实依据

马克思主义的社会发展观是科学发展观的前提和基础 ,科学发展观是马克思主义发展观在社会主义新阶段的具体体现。邓小平关于共同富裕的思想 ,江泽民关于保持区域经济协调、健康发展 ,促进社会全面进步的思想 ,是科学发展观的实质内涵 ,传承着马克思主义发展观的内在灵魂和精髓。深刻理解科学发展观的理论渊源和现实依据 ,有助于我们在实践中进一步树立和落实全面、协调、可持续的科学发展观     

Zwischen Kultur und Kalkül? Vertrauen und Sozialkapital im Kontext der neoinstitutionalistischen Wende

Trust and social capital work in social networks as informal institutions, favouring cooperation between the participants of such social interaction. However, the increasing use of both terms has been accompanied by vanishing conceptual and theoretical precision. In order to counterbalance this development this article tries to clarify some of the major puzzles connected with both terms. First, we embed trust and social capital within the institutionalist turn in political science. Second however, we demonstrate that trust and social capital have been modelled from at least two perspectives: sociological institutionalism and economic institutionalism. Furthermore, attempts of combining those approaches have lead to decreasing theoretical consistency. Finally, we propose that economic institutionalism is theoretically and empirically more fruitful to explain the creation and destruction of social capital.     

论“全国统一战线之模范”战动总会的典范意义

成立抗日民族统一战线组织第二战区民族革命战争战地总动员委员会,是中共中央为推动全国抗日民族统一战线的早日建立和巩固而实施的一项重大决策,也是配合八路军挺进山西,立足华北敌后,实践党的全面抗战路线的一项重大决策。战动总会在组织形式和抗日斗争中,都充分体现了党关于建立抗日民族统一战线的科学思想,并成为当时全国统一战线的一个典范。