The interpretation of refractive index measurements V.

An approach to the interpretation of glass refractive index measurements in forensic science casework which has been developed in four previous papers is extended to deal with the calculation of coincidence probabilities in cases which involve multiple control and recovered samples. Examples of the calculations are given and there is a discussion of the possible limitations of the method.     

过错的边缘化:误读还是趋势--侵权行为过错要件新论

审判实务中的"过错",其真实意思是"错误",实质上是指存在违法性.传统过错理论边缘化的现象说明对过错概念的理解存在"误读".过错概念的发展经历了从主观过错到客观过错,再到过错概念本身边缘化的趋势.应当以过错(违法性)概念为核心,围绕审判实务,重新构建侵权行为法的理论体系.     

试析近年来丽江地区抢劫案件的特点及打击对策

随着丽江知名度的提高和经济的快速发展 ,抢劫案件也呈现出大幅度上升的趋势。分析其犯罪特点 ,总结近年来丽江地区公安机关侦破此类案件的成功经验 ,对于今后更加有效地预防和打击抢劫犯罪 ,就具有了极其特殊的意义。     

我国违宪审查启动机制的方案设计

违宪审查程序的启动是整个违宪审查活动的起点。我国立法法规定了对行政法规、地方性法规、自治条例和单行条例提起违宪审查的启动机制,但对生活中大量违宪的其他规范性和非规范性文件以及行为没有规定如何启动违宪审查程序。我们可以借鉴国外有益的做法,制定出多种符合我国国情的违宪审查程序的启动机制,完善我国的违宪审查制度。     

When and why politicians do not keep their welfare promises

Although the welfare state is a core theme in most national elections in Western democracies, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the causes of welfare state pledge‐breaking. This article presents an argument that explains when governments do not do what they promised and tests it using an innovative research design with data covering four decades and 18 countries. The argument is able to account for several important but, until now, undescribed phenomena. First, nowadays, governments, on average, deliver less welfare than they promised, whereas in the 1970s they used to deliver more than promised. Second, the pledge‐breaking of governments has become highly dependent on the parliamentary opposition's position on the welfare issue. When the opposition favours fiscal and economic responsibility, governments’ tendency to deliver less welfare than promised is amplified. In contrast, when the opposition emphasises the positive benefits of generous welfare, such as equality and social justice, governments become more prone to keep their promises. Third, this conditional effect of the opposition is a recent occurrence that only emerged after the number of potential swing voters increased as class‐based voting gradually declined from the 1970s onwards.     

未成年人违法犯罪:学校作用因素的系统分析

在我国中小学教育中 ,较普遍地存在着教育观念错位、教育方法失当、管理不善及教师素质低下等诱发未成年人违法犯罪的诸多因素。消除这些消极因素 ,既有赖于科学教育评价机制的建立、社会人才观念的改变 ,更有赖于社会的全面改革 ,尤其是利益分配机制的合理调整。而学校作为构成社会整体的一个重要组成部分 ,不仅应该 ,而且也是能够发挥其特殊作用的     

高校学生违纪处理的步骤及关注点研究

高校学生违纪处理有正当的程序和步骤，违纪学生的教育引导也有技巧和阶段。科学、合理、规范的进行违纪学生处理对于实现高校培养目标、维护校园稳定和引导学生健康成长具有重要意义。     

A survey of glass fragments recovered from clothing of persons suspected of involvement in crime

The refractive indices (RI) of over 2000 glass fragments recovered from items of clothing submitted to the Birmingham and Wetherby Home Office forensic science laboratories in connection with crimes involving broken glass have been measured. The glass fragments have been classified according to their location on the clothing, and a grouping algorithm has been applied to the data.The refractive index distribution was found to be dependent on the location of the glass on the clothing. The significance of the results in the interpretation of glass evidence is discussed.