H9N2亚型猪流感病毒A/Swine/Shandong/1/02 分离株的基因序列分析

从有肺炎症状的病猪中分离到1株H9N2亚型猪流感病毒(SIV)A/Swine/Shndong/1/02,对其进行了全病毒基因序列分析.结果表明,该毒株8个基因片段的核苷酸序列均来自禽流感病毒(AIV),与我国目前家禽中流行的H9N2亚型AIV毒株具有很高的同源性,与A/Duck/Hong Kong/Y280/97(H9N2)的同源性为94.1%～98.9%,与A/Chicken/Beijing/1/94(H9N2)的同源性为94.5%～98.2%;推导的其血凝素(HA)裂解位点处的氨基酸序列为P-A-R-S-S-R,完全符合H9亚型AIV欧亚分支中的类A/Chicken/Beijing/1/94亚分支的特征;基因分析结果表明,该分离株的所有基因片段均来源于H9N2亚型AIV,它可直接感染猪,并导致发病,但它并未在猪体内发生重组.     

禽流感病毒A/Turkey/Canada/63毒株HA和NA基因的克隆及序列分析

用SPF鸡胚增殖禽流感病毒(AIV)A/Turkey/Canada/63毒株,提取病毒基因组总RNA,应用RT-PCR技术分别扩增该病毒分离株的HA和NA基因全片段,并克隆到pMD18-T载体上。测序结果表明,该毒株的HA基因全长为1745bp,含有完整的阅读框架,编码566个氨基酸；NA基因全长1467bp,编码469个氨基酸。BLAST序列比较结果显示,该毒株HA基因属于H6亚型,NA基因属于N2亚型。将获得的HA和NA基因与AIV数据库中H6和N2基因进行遗传演化分析,表明该毒株HA基因与其他H6基因核苷酸的同源性为80.5%～87.3%,氨基酸的同源性为88.0%～93.1%；NA基因与其他N2基因核苷酸的同源性为86.0%～93.5%,氨基酸的同源性为90.6%～96.3%。     

禽多杀性巴氏杆菌C48-1外膜蛋白H基因真核表达载体的构建

应用限制性内切酶BamHⅠ将片段ompH从重组质粒pMDT-omp H切下,非定向插入真核表达质粒pcDNA3中,经酶切分析、PCR鉴定及序列测定,证实成功构建了禽多杀性巴氏杆菌C48-1外膜蛋白H基因的重组真核表达质粒pcDNA3-ompH。将重组表达质粒转染至 COS7 细胞,经RT-PCR、SDS-PAGE及Western-blotting检测,证明了外膜蛋白H基因获得了瞬时表达。     

Y-chromosome and autosomal STR diversity in four proximate settlements in Central Anatolia

Due to the longstanding human presence in the region and the influence of social traditions, the genetic make-up of populations currently inhabiting Turkey (Anatolia) is quite complex. To characterize the patterns of genetic diversity in rural Central Anatolian villages, we analyzed samples collected at four local settlements for variation at 17 Y-chromosome STR and 15 autosomal STR loci. The resulting data reveal considerable diversity within these settlements, as well as some structure in the paternal genetic variation, with a limited number of haplotypes being shared between the communities. These findings have important implications for forensic studies of Turkish populations.     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒血凝素单克隆抗体的制备及其应用

采用活病毒免疫,常规杂交瘤融合的方法,获得了4株针对H5N1亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)A/duck/Shandong/093/2004(A/D/SD/04)株血凝素(HA)的单克隆抗体A8E8、D2F8、A8C8和C3G4。其中A8E8可以与11株不同来源的H5N1AIV发生交叉免疫抑制性反应(HI),具有广谱性。采用间接免疫荧光试验(IFA),用A8E8单克隆抗体测定A/D/SD/04株对COS1和MDCK2种细胞的半数感染量(TCID50),结果显示,A/D/SD/04株在COS1上的TCID50为10-5.33/0.1mL,在MDCK上的为10-7.33/0.1mL。将编码A/D/SD/04株的HA基因质粒与PR8质粒共转染COS1细胞后,用A8E8进行IFA,能观察到特异性绿色荧光,这与鸡胚接种结果相符。表明,用此单克隆抗体能准确地检测到H5重组病毒。     

禽流感二价抗原油乳剂灭活疫苗的研制

以禽流感病毒(AIV)H5N4株、H7N3株为抗原研制了H5N4-H7N3二价油乳剂灭活疫苗,并对其物理性状、安全性、免疫效力、保存期及抗体消长规律进行了检测.结果表明,试验鸡疫苗在免疫后3周到9个月内对AIV-H5N4的攻击均获全部保护.疫苗4℃保存15个月,其免疫效力没有下降.     

Der Billigkeitsbegriff im nachehelichen Unterhaltsrecht

Im ?sterreichischen Ehegesetz stellt der Gesetzgeber zur Regelung des nachehelichen Unterhalts in den §§ 67 ff EheG auf den Begriff der Billigkeit ab, um bestm?gliche Einzelfallgerechtigkeit zu gew?hrleisten. Die inhaltliche Ausgestaltung dieses unbestimmten Gesetzesbegriffes ist aber durchaus unterschiedlich. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht in einer vergleichenden Gegenüberstellung unter Berücksichtigung des Schrifttums und der Judikatur die unterschiedlichen Bedeutungen des Billigkeitsbegriffs im nachehelichen Unterhaltsrecht aufzuzeigen.     

How Local Economic Conditions Affect School Finances,Teacher Quality,and Student Achievement: Evidence from the Texas Shale Boom

Whether improved local economic conditions lead to better student outcomes is theoretically ambiguous and will depend on how schools use additional revenues and how students and teachers respond to rising private sector wages. The Texas boom in shale oil and gas drilling, with its large and localized effects on wages and the tax base, provides a unique opportunity to address this question that spans the areas of education, labor markets, and public finance. An empirical approach using variation in shale geology across school districts shows that the boom reduced test scores and student attendance, despite tripling the local tax base and creating a revenue windfall. Schools spent additional revenue on capital projects and debt service, but not on teachers. As the gap between teacher wages and private sector wages grew, so did teacher turnover and the percentage of inexperienced teachers, which helps explain the decline in student achievement. Changes in student composition did not account for the achievement decline but instead helped to moderate it. The findings illustrate the potential value of using revenue growth to retain teachers in times of rising private sector wages.