海外华人在全民族抗战中的历史功绩

在抗日战争中,具有爱国主义传统的海外华人对祖国的无私奉献是伟大和崇高的。无论是从舆论上声援祖国抗战和捐资捐物支援祖国抗战,还是用热血和生命献身祖国抗战事业,无数的海外华人以各种不同的方式为抗日战争的最后胜利和中华民族的独立解放,为世界人民反法西斯战争的最后胜利,作出了不可磨灭的历史贡献。     

Accuracy of four dental age estimation methodologies in Brazilian and Croatian children

ObjectiveTo compare and analyse the accuracy of four age estimation methods using the mineralisation stages of the permanent teeth (Cameriere et al. [16] [CAM], Liliequist and Lundberg [LLH] and Nolla without third molars [NOL7] or with them [NOL8]) in a mixed population of Brazilians and a homogeneous population of Croatians.MethodsOrthopantomograms of 930 Brazilians (366 males and 564 females) and 924 Croatians (365 males and 556 females) aged between 8 and 14.99 years were analysed using the CAM, LLH, NOL7 and NOL8 age estimation methodologies.ResultsLLH presented the best absolute differences (ADs) among both populations without sex stratification, while CAM presented the worst results. In addition, the mean differences revealed underestimations, except when the LLH and NOL7 methods were used for the Brazilians. When the sample was stratified by sex, the best AD values were found with NOL7 (0.80) for the Brazilians and with LLH (0.98) for the Croatians. When the sample was stratified by sex and age, CAM presented high accuracy at the early ages, and LLH presented high accuracy at the older ages. The results obtained with the Nolla methods (NOL7 and NOL8) were mostly similar, but NOL7 yielded slightly better results.ConclusionsThe values for the Brazilians and the Croatians were relatively similar, and the techniques were properly applied in both population samples. The best method for evaluating both countries was LLH, followed by NOL7, NOL8 and CAM.     

Time Radically Alters Ex Situ Evidentiary Soil 16S Bacterial Profiles Produced Via Next‐Generation Sequencing,,

Previous research has revealed the potential of soil bacterial profiling for forensic purposes; however, investigators have not thoroughly examined fluctuations in microbial profiles from soil aged on evidence. In this research, soils collected from multiple habitats were placed on evidence items and sampled over time, and then bacterial profiles were generated via next‐generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA locus. Bacterial abundance charts and nonmetric multidimensional scaling plots provided visual representation of bacterial profiles temporally, while supervised classification was used to statistically associate evidence to a source. The ex situ evidence soils displayed specific, consistent taxonomic changes as they aged, resulting in their drift in multidimensional space, but never toward a different habitat. Ninety‐five percent of the 364 evidentiary profiles statistically classified to the correct habitat, with misclassification generally stemming from evidence type and increased age. Ultimately, understanding bacterial changes that occur temporally in ex situ soils should enhance their use in forensic investigations.     

论成年人监护制度的最新发展:支持决策

支持决策是为响应联合国《残疾人权利公约》第12条的要求在成年人监护领域出现的新理念和新措施。支持决策的核心价值是使残疾人在他人的帮助下自主做出决定,从而维护残疾人的人格尊严与自由。支持决策在世界范围内受到极大关注,很多国家都在尝试建立支持决策的法律模式。我国正处于民法典编纂过程中,支持决策理念的出现为我国成年人监护立法提供了新思路、新方向。我国民法典婚姻家庭编在设计成年人监护制度时应以辅助制度体现支持决策的指导思想及具体内容。     

“滥用兴奋剂”入刑的理论探索

当前"滥用兴奋剂"的社会危害性逐渐增大,而现行的法律规范不足。刑法作为社会控制的最后法律手段应将"滥用兴奋剂"纳入其管制的范围。我国应建立体育法庭、增加违规公示制度并完善体育机制内的人员信息系统、健全"豁免"机制、加强国际协作以规范"滥用兴奋剂"行为。     

人类基因提供者利益分享实现的构想

人类基因提供者应分享基因专利带来的经济利益,但因与研究者信息不对称且缺乏正当的提供途径,基因提供者的利益难以实现。从基因提供者利益难以实现的原因入手,分析了利益分享的原则,论述了利益分享的方式,并提出了利益分享的途径。只有找到具体完备的实施方法,人类基因提供者的利益才能实现。     

乳牛布鲁氏菌病PCR诊断试剂盒的实验室评估

对前期研制的布鲁氏菌omp25基因-PCR试剂盒的保存期、特异性和可重复性进行了测定,并应用该试剂盒对采自宁夏、甘肃、内蒙古、山西、黑龙江、新疆省(区)的98头血清凝集试验(SAT)阳性乳牛的6批98份乳样和350头SAT阴性乳牛的2批350份乳样进行了检测。检测结果显示,PCR试剂盒与SAT的阳性符合率为100%(98/98),阴性符合率为97.71%(342/350);从SAT阴性乳牛的乳样中,用PCR试剂盒检出8份阳性,表明其敏感性高于SAT;对2株田间野毒Br-gs和Br-nmg株进行了克隆与测序,二者与标准菌株序列的同源性分别为99.8%和100%。试验结果证实,本试剂盒的可重复性良好,特异性较高,-20℃下的有效保存期为5个月。     

银环蛇中毒死亡鉴定方法的实验研究(Ⅱ)──长碳臂活化生物素─马抗银环蛇抗体的制备

作者用ｄ－生物素自制Ｎ－羟基丁二酰亚胺６－生物素化酰氨已酯（长碳臂活化生物素）。质谱分子离子峰测定分子量为４５４；红外光谱分析各官能基团与分子结构式吻合。探讨了长碳臂活化生物素与精制马抗银环蛇抗体交联的最适比例。与普通活化生物素标记、辣根过氧化物酶标记的同样抗体相比，稀释滴度分别提高４—８倍。     

论“民本政治”观与“民主政治”观的历史形成

中国古代的民本政治思想发端于商周时期,在秦汉以后的中国封建社会仍然是重要的官方意识.民主政治观念产生于15至16世纪的西欧,是适应从农业社会向工业社会转型的社会变化的需要而出现的一种政治观念.中国传统的民本政治思想虽有其历史价值,然而,"民本政治"毕竟不同于"民主政治".     

透过"权力的眼睛"的理性批判思想

福柯透过"权力的眼睛"揭示了现代社会的权力的普遍性,并断言现代社会实际上是一个"圆形监狱".通过分析理性霸权地位的发生历史及知识--权力的联系,他批判了理性对他者甚至主体本身的压制,并试图提出一条通过话语政治和生物政治来瓦解、抵抗理性霸权的道路.在主张人的自由和解放问题上,他和马克思有相通之处,但在具体实现道路上,二者又迥然不同.他对马克思的一些批评有不公正的地方.