基于Hippo/AMPK/AKT信号通路探究十二味疏肝利胆颗粒防治胆固醇结石的机制

目的 探究十二味疏肝利胆颗粒（Twelve-Flavor Shugan Lidan Granule,TSLG）降低胆固醇累积预防结石生成的分子机制。方法 基于药理学数据分析获取TSLG的活性成分与靶点;从Genebass数据库获取与胆囊结石疾病相关的基因,通过Cytoscape软件构建TSLG调控网络并进行核心基因鉴定;采用GO与KEGG通路富集分析对TSLG调控网络中的核心基因及肝组织转录组差异基因进行生物功能与通路注释;利用分子对接方法模拟关键生物标志物与TSLG核心成分的对接模式。采用油酸构建胆固醇累积的细胞模型,应用Western blot法、免疫荧光法检测磷酸化腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase,p-AMPK）、肝脏X受体α（liver X receptors α,LXRα）、ATP结合盒转运蛋白（ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member,ABCG）5、ABCG8、胆固醇调节元件结合蛋白2（sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2,SREBP2）、磷酸化蛋白激酶B（phosphorylated protein kinase B,p-AKT）、磷酸化叉头盒蛋白O1a（phosphorylated forkhead box O1 a,p-FOXO1A）的表达水平;Seahorse细胞能量代谢仪检测细胞线粒体耗氧率和细胞外酸化率;RT-qPCR检测三羧酸循环（tricarboxylic acid cycle,TAC）关键酶的mRNA表达水平。结果 网络药理学分析获得了41个TSLG调控疾病的相关靶点。分子生物学实验结果表明,TSLG抑制p-AMPK、LXRα、ABCG5、ABCG8、SREBP2的表达,增强p-AKT、p-FOXO1A的表达,TSLG抑制糖酵解并增强氧化磷酸化,TSLG抑制TAC循环酶活性,改善肝脏糖脂代谢,从而预防胆固醇结石的生成。结论 TSLG中主要成分可能通过靶向AMPK、AKT及Hippo信号通路调节肝脏代谢,以达到降低胆固醇累积、预防结石生成的作用。     

Association of autoimmune type atrophic corpus gastritis with Helicobacter pylori infection

AIM:To study the association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection and autoimmune type atrophic gastritis. METHODS:Twenty-three patients with different grades of atrophic gastritis were analysed using enzyme immunoassay-based serology,immunoblot-based serology,and histology to reveal a past or a present H.pylori infection.In addition,serum markers for gastric atrophy(pepsinogenⅠ,pepsinogenⅠ/Ⅱand gastrin)and autoimmunity[parietal cell antibodies(PCA), and intrinsic factor(IF),antibodies]were determi...     

浅析我国B2C电子商务的现状及发展趋势

互联网在中国的普及为网络购物提供了技术基础,越来越多的中国居民开始采用网络购物这一新兴购物方式。本文就我国B2C电子商务的现状进行分析,发现目前我国网络购物市场中B2C市场份额虽小,但发展潜力巨大,因此各方都看好B2C电子商务模式。从长远来看,B2C模式的电子商务因其自身具有的特点和优势将会成为未来网购市场的主导,而各种电子商务模式也会在未来不断融合,彼此之间的界限也越来越模糊。     

高效液相色谱法测定安徽产木通药材中3种有效成分含量

目的测定安徽产木通药材中木通苯乙醇苷B、齐墩果酸和常春藤皂苷元的含量,考察安徽产木通药用价值。方法采用高效液相色谱法,木通苯乙醇苷B的色谱测定条件为:Alltima C18柱(4.6 mm×250mm,5μm),流动相是甲醇-水-磷酸(35∶65∶0.05),流速1.0mL/min,检测波长330nm,柱温35℃;齐墩果酸和常春藤皂苷元的色谱测定条件为:Alltima C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相是乙腈-水(65∶35),流速1.0mL/min,检测波长203nm,柱温25℃。结果安徽宁国、明光产木通药材中木通苯乙醇苷B、齐墩果酸和常春藤皂苷元含量高于市售木通。结论安徽宁国、明光产木通药材质量较好,可进一步开发利用。     

Guest workers or unauthorized immigrants? The case of forest workers in the United States

This study examines regional differences in the legal status of forest workers in the Pacific Northwest and Southeastern United States, using United States Department of Labor data and qualitative fieldwork in Alabama and Oregon. The authors find that there are significantly fewer H-2B guest workers on federal lands in Oregon than on privately owned forest plantations in Alabama, and the Southeast more generally. By contrast, numerous workers on federal lands in Oregon are undocumented. This difference may largely be explained by variations in the economies of scale in forest work in the Pacific Northwest (federal lands) and the Southeast (mainly private lands). The study also finds that there is no real difference in the working conditions of undocumented immigrants and guest workers—both groups face labor exploitation. Guest workers in the forest industry, many of whom have no previous work experience or access to social networks in the United States, face extreme isolation at worksites, are beholden to contractors, fear losing their jobs if they complain, and are generally unaware of their basic rights. By contrast, many undocumented forest workers in Oregon belong to established social networks through which they are recruited onto forest labor crews. However, unauthorized workers are also vulnerable to labor exploitation because they fear deportation and are obliged to their kin-employers. Policy recommendations to improve labor conditions and enforce existing labor laws for all forest workers include: better tracking of workers across states to monitor labor abuses, allocating more resources to state labor departments to facilitate worker outreach and worksite inspections, and better communication among land management officials and the Department of Labor.

肺气虚证大鼠血液流变性指标与内皮素、血栓素水平的相关性研究

目的 :探讨肺气虚证大鼠的血液流变性变化与内皮素 (ET)、血栓素 (TXB2 )变化的相关性。方法 :将 6 0只大鼠随机分为模型组与对照组 ,复制肺气虚证模型 ,分别检测血液流变性指标和ET、TXB2 水平。结果 :模型组与对照组比较 ,全血黏度 (高切、低切 )、血浆黏度、红细胞比容、红细胞聚集指数及纤维蛋白原均升高 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5 ) ;模型组ET和TXB2 明显升高 ,与对照组相比 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。模型组全血黏度与ET、TXB2 呈正相关 (r =0 .95 7,P <0 .0 5 ;r =0 .992 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论 :肺气虚大鼠存在“血瘀”现象 ,且血浆中的ET、TXB2 含量随肺气虚证逐渐加重而呈上升趋势。     

基于NF-κB/AHR通路探讨电针“足三里”和“内关”对肠易激综合征大鼠内脏高敏感的调节机制

目的 观察电针“足三里”和“内关”穴对肠易激综合征（irritable bowel syndrome,IBS）大鼠内脏高敏感的调节机制。方法 将40只新生SD大鼠随机分为模型制备组（n=32）和空白组（n=8）,采用“母婴分离结合醋酸灌肠”复制内脏高敏感大鼠模型,将模型复制成功的内脏高敏感大鼠随机分为模型组、假刺激组、电针组,每组8只。假刺激组大鼠仅电刺激非经非穴部位,空白组及模型组大鼠仅抓取,不做其他干预;电针组大鼠给予电针同侧足三里和内关穴,每次30 min,隔日1次,共4周。观察各组大鼠一般情况,体质量,粪便性状评分,内脏痛阈值,血清白细胞介素-17A（interleukin-17A,IL-17A）水平,结肠组织中芳香烃受体（aryl hydrocarbon receptor,AHR)、细胞色素P1（cytochrome P1,CYP1)、核因子-κB（nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB) P65蛋白表达水平。结果 与空白组比较,模型组大鼠粪便性状评分显著增加（P＜0.05）,体质量显著下降（P＜0.05）,内脏痛阈值显著降低（P＜0.05）,血清IL-17A水平显著升高（P＜0.05）,结肠组织AhR、CYP1、NF-κB P65蛋白表达水平均显著降低（P＜0.05）;与模型组比较,电针组大鼠粪便性状评分显著减少（P＜0.05）,体质量显著增加（P＜0.05）,内脏痛阈值显著增加（P＜0.05）,血清IL-17A水平显著降低（P＜0.05）,结肠组织AHR、CYP1、NF-κB P65蛋白表达水平显著上升（P＜0.05）。结论 电针“足三里”和“内关”穴能降低IBS大鼠的内脏高敏感,其作用机制可能通过激活NF-κB/AHR通路,上调AHR、CYP1、NF-κB P65蛋白的表达而实现的。     

超滤离心法测定银杏内酯B纳米结构脂质载体包封率

目的 建立超滤离心法测定银杏内酯B（ginkgolide B,GB）纳米结构脂质载体（nanostructured lipid carrier,NLC）包封率的方法,以便对GB-NLC处方进行优化。方法 利用乳化蒸发-低温固化法制备GB-NLC,在电镜下观察其微观形态,用纳米激光粒度仪测定其粒径和Zeta电位。建立超滤离心测定包封率方法,分离载药NLC与游离GB,采用LC-MS/MS测定包载GB或游离GB含量,并计算包封率。结果 制得GB-NLC外观圆整,平均粒径和电位分别为（173.10±5.84）nm和（－27.47±0.40）mV;超滤离心法测得包封率为（61.97±1.03）%。结论 超滤离心法准确、快捷,适合作为GB-NLC包封率的测定方法。     

Analysis of 4‐Bromo‐2,5‐DimethoxyphenethylamineAbuser's Urine: Identification and Quantitation of Urinary Metabolites

The metabolites of 4‐bromo‐2,5‐dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C‐B), a psychoactive drug with hallucinogenic activity, were investigated in a urine sample from a user of 2C‐B. The urine sample was deconjugated enzymatically and the metabolites were recovered by liquid–liquid extraction. The extract was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry after derivatization, and the results were used to identify and quantitate the metabolites. 4‐Bromo‐2,5‐dimethoxyphenylacetic acid was the most abundant metabolite of 2C‐B in human urine and accounted for 73% of the total amount of detected metabolites, followed by 4‐bromo‐2‐hydroxy‐5‐methoxyphenylacetic acid (13%) and 4‐bromo‐2,5‐dimethoxyphenylethyl alcohol (4.5%). According to the literature, the main metabolites of 2C‐B in rat urine are N‐(4‐bromo‐2‐methoxy‐5‐hydroxyphenylethyl)acetamide and N‐(4‐bromo‐2‐hydroxy‐5‐methoxyphenylethyl)acetamide. However, these metabolites accounted for only a small proportion of the total amount of detected metabolites in human urine, which indicates that there are significant species‐specific differences in the metabolism of 2C‐B. 4‐Bromo‐2,5‐dimethoxyphenylacetic acid, which was the most abundant metabolite in human urine, is thought to be generated by deamination of 2C‐B by monoamine oxidase (MAO) followed by oxidation by aldehyde dehydrogenase. Our results suggest that MAO plays a crucial role in the metabolism of 2C‐B in humans.     

中药熏洗联合窄谱中波紫外线照射治疗手足慢性湿疹疗效观察

目的 观察中药熏洗联合窄谱中波紫外线（narrow band ultraviolet B,NB UVB）照射治疗手足慢性湿疹的临床疗效。方法 将94例手足慢性湿疹患者随机分为中药组、光疗组和联合组。中药组外用自拟中药煎剂熏洗,光疗组予以NB UVB照射,联合组采用中药熏洗与NB UVB照射两种疗法相结合进行治疗。结果 联合组有效率为97.06％,中药组为71.88％,光疗组为71.43％。3组之间有效率比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。联合组有效率显著高于中药组和光疗组（P＜0.01）。3组治疗后症状积分均显著低于治疗前(P＜0.01),联合组治疗后症状积分显著低于中药组和光疗组(P＜0.01）。结论 中药熏洗联合NB UVB照射可显著提高手足慢性湿疹的疗效。