What is procedural justice: Criteria used by Dutch victims to assess the fairness of criminal justice procedures

The study examines the meaning of procedural justice to Dutch victims of crime. Using victimological research and the group-value or relational model or procedural justice developed by Lind and Tyler, a model for procedural justice judgments is developed and tested using the structural equation model. Data used for the analysis consist of 221 interviews with victims regarding their experience with the public prosecution. Although the emerging model differs from that of Lind and Tyler, results support Lind and Tyler's assertion that procedural justice judgments are normative and not instrumental. Victims are particularly concerned about being treated with dignity and respect and are not interested in influencing the outcome of their case.     

Family-of-origin characteristics and current family relationships of female adult incest victims

Past and present family relationships of a group of female adult incest victims were examined. The sample consisted of 40 women who were, at the time of assessment, in treatment for childhood experiences of incest. The majority of these women viewed their families-of-origin as generally unhealthy in regard to various dimensions of autonomy and intimacy. Current relationships with their families-of-origin were characterized by less intimacy and more intimidation, triangulation, and fusion than a normed group. Some of these patterns were also evident in the families-of-procreation of these women, including greater triangulation and less spousal intimacy. The subjects also perceived their families-of-procreation as disengaged, controlling, less active in events outside the family, conflict-ridden, and lacking in organization and emotional expressiveness. Finally, based on a circumplex model, a significant number of families-of-procreation were in the extreme range of family functioning.     

Victim Policy Transfer: Learning From Each Other

This paper looks at the recent introduction of victim impact statements in several European countries. It asks whether victim impact statements are a positive addition to victim policy and practice in Europe and examines the challenges of adapting to the civil legal tradition a tool that was developed in a common law country.     

略论被害人陈述的证据补强——以当事人证据和印证证明为起点

作为一种证据规则,证据补强是针对某种证明力薄弱之言词证据,须与其他证据合并提出.证据补强规则与我国“印证证明模式”在实质上具有相通性.作为一种当事人证据,被害人陈述具有极大的主观性,在一定程度上削减了被害人陈述的可信性或者证明力.在口供补强已经被我国刑事诉讼法移植确认的情况下,确立被害人陈述之补强规则也是合理的.具言之,在被害人陈述成为案件定罪的关键证据或者仅有的证据时,应当对该被害人陈述进行证据补强.     

浅议刑事被害人权利的保护

我国被害人权利的保护,在立法规定和司法实践中相差较大,加强被害人对刑事诉讼程序的参与,寻找被害人权利救济的有效途径是构建和谐社会、开展和谐司法的本质要求。文章分析了我国刑事诉讼中对被害人的有关规定及当前的现状,并提出了刑事被害人权利保护之构想。     

Screening accident victims

This paper considers victim heterogeneity in harm levels in a bilateral-care model, where harm is private information. In practice, resources are expended on the verification of damages suffered. We establish a sufficient condition for the possibility to accurately deduce the harm level from the observable care choice without spending on verification. For cases in which this condition does not hold, this paper sets out a simple screening mechanism that induces victims to reveal their type truthfully and induces optimal care in equilibrium without verification costs.     

亚洲犯罪被害人补偿法律制度比较研究

制约我国建立犯罪被害人补偿制度的一个重要因素是"经费"不足。但在亚洲如日本、韩国、菲律宾、印度、我国香港、台湾等国家和地区,针对犯罪被害人补偿的法律制度均已逐渐建立和发展起来。这对我们无疑是一个启示:经济的因素不是绝对的,关键是要建立一套行之有效的补偿机制。     

Victims With Voices: How Abused Women Conceptualize the Problem of Spousal Abuse and Implications for Intervention and Prevention

Working from the conceptualization of abused women as both victims of and experts on spousal abuse, this study compares how women who have been abused, and how men and women with either less direct or no experience with spousal abuse, understand the problem and their beliefs about how it should be addressed. Results of a telephone survey of Philadelphia adults (N = 1,850) indicate that although in many ways abused women's opinions regarding domestic violence do not differ from those of nonabused women, abused women are more likely to believe that society gives tacit consent to abusive behavior through its silence and that talking openly about the problem will make it easier to solve. These findings suggest that initiatives aimed at changing the social norm around domestic violence may assist in both intervention and prevention efforts.     

检察机关司法救助工作实证分析--以完善刑事被害人司法救助的运作为视角

健全国家司法救助制度作为完善人权司法保障制度的重要改革措施，顺应了人民群众对司法公正、权益保障的期待。检察机关的司法救助包括刑事被害人救助，涉检信访案件信访人救助，举报人、证人、鉴定人救助等，其中刑事被害人的救助工作发展得比较成熟，是其他救助类型的参照。因此，本文仅以刑事被害人的司法救助为研究对象，梳理检察机关开展该项工作过程中面临的困境，从实体和程序两方面提出立法建议，并对救助后追偿的必要性及可行性进行思考，以期对刑事被害人司法救助工作的规范化和制度化有所裨益。     

Life-cycle effects on social pressure to vote

Recent scholarship reveals social pressure can compel citizens to conform to social norms like voting in elections. In this study, we investigate heterogeneity in the impact of social pressure to vote. We find that age, a key demographic characteristic, moderates the impact of social pressure. Using evidence from a large-scale randomized field experiment conducted in August 2006, we show that older voters are significantly more responsive to social pressure compared to younger voters. Given the emerging consensus that social pressure can be marshaled effectively to stimulate voting in elections, such investigations yield critical insights of both practical and theoretical significance.