完善我国禁毒法律法规刍议

借鉴其他国家的禁毒经验 ,我国的禁毒立法可从两方面加以完善 :一是修改、补充现有条款 ,如在从重处罚情节中增加对孕妇保护等条款 ,详尽毒品犯罪的下游犯罪即 :洗钱罪的立法 ;二是增设非法提供、运输、制造、贩卖制毒设备罪。     

论《国际人权宪章》的应对

《国际人权宪章》由《世界人权宣言》、《经济、社会及文化权利国际公约》、《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》构成 ,体现了人类的共同价值。应对《宣言》的主要方式就是加大宣传力度 ,并且以它为指导完善我国的人权立法和人权司法。应对两个公约则需要 :承认其地位优于国内法 (声明保留的条款除外 ) ,接受其实施机制 ,理清两公约与我国人权体制的差异并且采取立法和司法措施予以弥补。     

State Abortion Policies,Targeted Regulation of Abortion Provider Laws,and Abortion Demand

Targeted Regulation of Abortion Provider laws (or TRAP laws) are state laws that apply only to abortion providers and impose on them licensing fees, physical plant/personnel regulations, and requirements that exceed those imposed on other comparable health‐care providers or medical facilities. According to prochoice supporters, the explicit or implicit goal of TRAP laws is to drive abortion providers from the market and reduce the supply of abortion services. This paper examines whether a state TRAP licensing fee or a TRAP plant/personnel law also has an independent impact on women's demand for abortion over the period 1982–2005. The empirical results find that neither state TRAP law has a statistically significant independent effect on women's abortion demand. The empirical results remain robust even after controlling for time‐varying factors or the time period after the Supreme Court's landmark 1992 Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey decision.     

Lawyers and Hong Kong’s democracy movement: from electoral politics to civil disobedience

Research on Hong Kong lawyers has so far focused on their internal differences and the rise of cause lawyering. Not much has been done on their role in promoting political liberalism. This paper fills a gap by reviewing the history of lawyers’ political activism before and after Hong Kong’s sovereignty shifted from a liberal-colonial to an authoritarian regime in 1997. It argues, first, that Hong Kong’s post-colonial constitutionalized politics and prolonged democratic deficit have given the legal complex—which includes lawyers and also increasingly legal academics—a key role in its pro-democracy movement, and second, critical political junctures have driven activist lawyers to use various means, from electoral politics to civil disobedience, to defend the rule of law and Hong Kong’s tortuous democratization.     

A dilemma for the welfare state: managing the cost for shorter working hours, 1919–2002

The purpose of this article is to study how the Swedish welfare state has managed the cost of shorter working hours. During the twentieth century, several official reports were published in order to produce knowledge about this issue and to deal with the cost for the reform. This article aims to examine the arguments and beliefs of the political economy of the welfare state that emerge from these formulations. An examination of shorter working hours as social policy sheds new light on the relationship between the welfare state and capital, in addition to limits for social policy imposed by the economic system. A reduction of work hours has never been justified as a reform that simply gives more time for leisure and less time for work, but has been assigned a cost that was necessary to manage. The reform was considered possible because it was interpreted as helping to reproduce labor power or capitalism as a whole. It was thought impossible and undesirable when considered to be a threat to this reproduction. This article shows the process of managing the cost for shorter working hours in Sweden and how arguments fundamentally changed over time, although the basic premises remained the same.     

浅论我国民族教育发展的观念调整及其法制化问题

民族教育是我国教育事业的重要组成部分,现行民族教育观念应当作出必要调整,在教育目标、教育价值观、教育培养模式等方面,均应适应知识经济、现代化和社会主义新农村的建设和发展需要,并从法律的高度加以明确,予以确立。     

行政审判依据间的冲突及选择的操作分析

行政诉讼中的法律冲突有合法与非法之分.合法冲突是法律允许存在的冲突,只需按照冲突的一般解决规则选择适用法律即可.非法冲突即法律不允许并存的冲突,只能是承认一方有效,另一方无效.非法冲突表现多样,危害法律权威和行政、司法公正,其产生有立法观念、立法体制、立法技术等法律方面原因,为提高诉讼效率,尽量减少法律冲突带来的危害,我国需要确立一些可操作的选择适用规则.     

民族自治区域法律冲突探析

民族自治区域享有自治权、法律的变通权,使民族自治区域法律冲突的产生成为必然。随着《民族区域自治法》及《国务院实施〈中华人民共和国民族区域自治法>若干规定》越来越有效地贯彻和实施,随着各自治区域不断开放和经济不断的发展,民族自治区域法律冲突,从产生的种类及数量上必然会越来越多,本文主要对法律冲突的成因及其解决进行探讨。     

浅议“违宪”的慎用

违宪，一般指违反宪法的行为。四川两位律师认为《娱乐场所管理条例》禁止四类人从业于娱乐场所属违宪之结论经不起推敲，有使“违宪”泛化之嫌疑，同时又曲解了宪法与部门法及行政法规的关系，误解了我国以宪法为主导地位的法律体系所蕴含的“一般情况下，法无明文禁止均可行”的内在精神。在任何情况下，对违宪都应当慎重使用。     

香港区议会的功能发展

回归后的香港区议会延续了港英政府时期的功能,但也有一定的发展:特区政府取消市政局、区域市政局,提升了区议会的职能;提高民选议员与委任议员的比例,强化了区议会的代表性;理顺区议会与区管会的关系,扩大了区议会在区域行政计划和地区管理方面的职权。为了推进高度自治新局面,本文主张区议会在发挥咨询和区域事务管理功能的同时,还应该加强反映民意、参与特区管治的功能,为特区政制发展提供合适的后备人才。