香港地区民事司法改革及其启示

香港地区为适应社会经济发展的需要，借鉴各国改革经验，立足本地具体情况，于2009年4月2日起施行新民事司法制度。这项改革涉及广泛，影响巨大，被称为该地区民事司法制度发展的里程碑。研究香港民事司法改革的思路和做法，可以从中学习其成功的经验，获得有益的启示。     

论我国区际法律冲突中的公共秩序保留制度

关于区际冲突法上的公共秩序保留问题,理论上存在着三种截然不同的观点,同时,各复合法域国家在这方面的实践也不尽一致.在我国,目前存在四个不同的法域,在解决其间法律冲突的时候,是否适用"公共秩序保留"制度,以及如何维护本法域的公共秩序,便成了一个亟待解决的问题.在各法域类推适用国际私法规则以及各法域分别制定区际冲突法这两种解决区际法律冲突的途径中,应该采取"有限适用说".     

Westminster constitutions in the South Pacific: A “policy transfer” approach

Constitutional crises in Fiji and Solomon Islands and donor concerns about “good governance” raise older questions about the appropriateness of introduced constitutions to local conditions. This article analyses the process of transfer of “Westminster” constitutions in island states of the Pacific. It considers the factors that facilitated or constrained transfer into and within the region. It also considers cases where alternatives to Westminster were considered but rejected by the local leaders. The article concludes that Westminster has been spread by replication, almost irrespective of underlying social and political conditions.     

香港社会中民粹主义的影响、成因及消解

香港社会中的民粹主义给香港政治社会发展带来很多消极影响,增加了特别行政区政府依法施政的难度,妨碍香港政治发展的进程,并引起香港一些居民与中央政府的对抗.香港社会中的民粹主义由民生等经济问题而引发,并因选举政治而加剧.消解民粹主义,需要香港社会权力体系和财产体系的分配应照顾各阶层的利益,必须保障草根阶层的基本权利；政府必须兼顾社会精英和普罗大众的利益,对两者的矛盾应加以调和,促成两者的妥协.     

浅议选用人才

选好用好人才是我国实现现代化的关键所在,因而,选用人才一要遵循客观规律;二要看工作实绩;三要有科学评价;四要重视人才的专长;五要看发展变化;六要着眼于整体优化;七要敢于放开拓宽.     

经济发展与政治稳定的再思考

从长期来看,经济发展是实现政治稳定的根本保证。改革和完善现行政治体制,是经济发展和政治稳定的双重要求。维护社会经济秩序和实现政治权力有序运行需要厉行法治。维护中央的政治权威,则是经济发展与社会稳定的现实选择。     

Workers and technological change in the United States

Abstract

In this paper, we put forward a theoretical framework for understanding a positive relationship between labor laws and innovation and rigorously test it against both historical and empirical data. We show how several periods in the economic history of the United States – like the increase in slave-field hand productivity in cotton picking in the Antebellum South, the transition in the North from artisanal shops to nonmechanized factories, the increase in productivity in mechanized textile factories in the Northeast in the late Antebellum period, and the increase in productivity in sharecropping after the Civil War – can be understood, at least partially, through our theoretical framework. To build further support for the framework, we empirically analyze how change in labor laws during the early twentieth century affected patent issuance by state. And we also look at how changes in worker power, as proxied by strike activity, affected patent issuance by industry between the early twentieth century and 1980.     

香港中央雇员补偿保险机制的问题探析

现行的香港《雇佣补偿条例》(保险),未能涵盖某些高风险行业工人的工伤权益,保险业界为此推出"联保计划"。但是,由于保费过高,令一些雇主不按法例购买劳工保险。一旦发生工伤意外,雇员的工伤权益将受侵害。为了堵塞法例漏洞,编织完善的工伤病保障网,设立中央补偿保险机制这一公共政策,已成为工会、政府及保险业必须面对的社会问题。     

宗法宗族制度下明清时期的妇女婚姻生活

明清时期,宗法宗族制度对妇女婚姻生活的消极作用比较大,主要在婚前剥夺女子受教育权利;婚约的缔结主要从宗族利益考虑;婚后生活受到夫权、族权的严格控制;强迫妇女守节等方面有所表现.积极作用主要表现为提倡男婚女嫁轻钱财,重人品;反对索取重聘厚奁,嫌贫易富,操办奢靡,讲求排场等陋俗;严禁溺杀女婴.     

I Shield Myself From Thee: Selective Avoidance on Social Media During Political Protests

This study examines the phenomenon of politically motivated selective avoidance on Facebook in the context of the Hong Kong Umbrella Movement protests in 2014. We conceptualize selective avoidance as individual choices that users make to shield themselves from undesirable dissonant views by removing unwanted information and breaking social ties that transmit such information. Given the political turmoil and high level of polarization during the protests, we argue that selective avoidance was related to the socio-psychological factor of perceived out-group threat. We present an analysis of a survey of 769 students from Hong Kong conducted at the height of the street protests. We find that 15.6% of the respondents removed content and/or unfriended a Facebook friend during the protests. The use of Facebook for protest-related information and expression was associated with higher likelihood of selective avoidance, which in turn predicted actual participation in the street protests. The level of perceived out-group threat strengthened the positive relationship between Facebook use and selective avoidance. We thus argue that group conflict in a time of political turmoil may catalyze selective avoidance, transforming a heterogeneous socio-informational environment into a more insulated gated community. Such acts may promote protest participation but also lead to a more fragmented and polarized citizenry.