公司对外担保效力的实务解读

《担保法解释》暗含禁止公司为股东与个人债务提供担保之意。在中福实业公司担保案中最高人民法院的思路是:股东会决议通过的公司为公司股东债务提供担保有效。在幸福实业担保案中最高人民法院的立场是:公司股东会决议通过的公司为公司股东债务提供担保也一律无效。最高人民法院在公司对外担保效力问题的立场有些含混。     

刑事简易程序的发展趋势

文章在简要介绍了世界各地简易程序的情况之后 ,分析了简易程序的发展趋势 ,认为 :简易程序将向模式多样化发展 ;将体现学习国外的经验与坚持本国特色的结合 ;在目标上既要考虑提高效率 ,又要注意保护人权。     

侵权还是违约--由一则案例引起的思考

侵权责任与违约责任是两类基本的民事责任。我国《民法通则》专设“民事责任”一章 ,不仅就两类责任的共性问题作出了阐述 ,而且对两类责任分别作出了规定。然而由于民事责任的复杂性 ,民事违法行为性质的多重性 ,使这两类责任常常发生竞合。本文试图通过对一个典型案例的分析 ,揭示违约责任与侵权责任的概念及其构成要件 ,确定侵权责任与违约责任竞合的标准 ,以期对民事立法和司法实践有所贡献。     

反恐、保护人权与世界和平

从国际法,尤其是国际人权法的角度,探讨“反恐与保护人权与基本自由”的关系问题。文章认为,恐怖主义严重侵犯人权,但反恐与保护人权是相辅相成的关系,反恐措施不当也会侵害人权,并对国际反恐斗争产生严重负面影响。因此,在打击恐怖主义的同时,我们也要保护人权和基本自由,注意二者的兼容性,而不应顾此失彼。在国际层面上,国际联合反恐必须纳入国际法和国际反恐公约的框架内,应以促进和平与发展、保障基本人权为最终目的。这样才能实现反恐与人权保护的协调发展,促进世界和平与安全。     

自然资源物权配置初探

对于自然资源,需要在利用与保护之间寻找到合适的平衡点,并以法律的形式将其确定下来。通过自然资源物权配置,把以对资源的用益为目的的各种物权形态,依照法律规定的条件和方式投入市场,最大限度实现国家所有权利益。同时,规范行政主管机关职责,完善行政管理的程序法律规范,将公法上的权力和私法上的权利相分离,使行政机关的宏观管理职能与自身部门利益相脱钩。     

以人为本的人性论基础浅论

“以人为本”成为我国新的治国理念。它是我国依法治国方略的必然要求,也是三个代表重要思想的应有之义。本文试图从以人为本的人性论基础角度论述以人为本与人性理论的关系,以更好地理解以人为本的内涵。     

论植物人的法律人格及权利行使和保护

Although human vegetables lose their capacities of will and do not have the intrinsic attribute of civil subjects, they still have legal personalities and the status of civil subjects. The law has not provided for defects of their legal personalities, and thus civil law shall include human vegetables as objects of guardianship. The system of adult guardianship shall be constructed to supplement and correct the legal personalities of human vegetables. When human vegetables enter into a permanent vegetative state or state of brain death, law may declare the termination of legal personalities of the human vegetable. Due to the unique life state and capacity of act of human vegetables, the exercise of their civil rights faces a series of legal difficulties and challenges, mainly involving important issues such as the right of treatment for life rescue, marital right and reproductive right. The civil law shall ensure that the civil right of human vegetables can be fully enjoyed and effectively protected. Zhang Li, associate professor in civil and business law at Fujian Normal University, and also an invited researcher on civil law, international economic law and international private law, co-operated with Law School of Renmin University of China. Till now, she’s already released 23 theses in law journals and a monograph of the Survey of International Private Law. In addition, she was a member in doing studies (2006) on the legislation of Chinese tort law and presides over the researching (2007) of the legal personality and rights of disabled persons.     

Democracy, rule of law and human rights protection under gradually developed constitutionalism

With the shifting of the economic pattern and the developing of administrative law, the modern constitutionalism of China has adopted a progressive development process. Over 20 years, the development of democracy, the rule of law and the human rights protection clearly illustrate this point. For the gradually developing constitutionalism, the theory of limited rational is a theoretical basis, the stability of society is a social basis, the changing economic system is a economic basis, and Confucianism is a cultural basis. Constitutionalism of China should continue to go in such an active, steady and gradual way. Wang Zhuojun, Professor and Director of Administrative Affairs of Soochow University (till now) and as a visiting scholar in the Department of Government & Politics, University of Maryland, USA (1996.1–1997.1), whose research focuses on culture, politics and science of law. So far, his publications are “The Political System in the Perspective of Culture”, “A History of Epistemology”, “A Study of the External Economy of China’s Universities”, and his translations include “Introduction to Culture and Anthropology”, “Challenge to Culture from Science and Technology”, etc. Moreover, He has presided several research projects sponsored by The Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the Education Department of Jiangsu Province, China.     

大学生就业困境及法律保障问题研究——以《劳动合同法》制定为视角

1999年6月,随着我国高校扩招政策出台,我国高等教育步入跨越式发展阶段,这使得我国高校毕业生激增,而在短期内,社会对高校毕业生的需求增加幅度不会有很大变化.因此,在激烈的竞争中大学生就业弱势地位会愈加明显.大学生就业困境已经成为一个社会问题,如何解决大学生就业的法律保障是今后的一项重大课题.2006年3月20日,全国人大常委会向社会公布<中华人民共和国劳动合同法(草案)>并征求意见,此举无疑为研究大学生就业中的法律保障问题提供了新的契机.因此,基于大学生就业中缺乏法律保障之背景,探讨大学生就业的劳动合同法保护尤为必要.     

区域性人权保护制度对全球性国际人权保护的启示

尽管目前已存在为数不少的国际人权公约,国际社会成员也越来越多地加入这些公约,但全球范围内国际人权保护的效果并不明显。相比而言,区域性人权保护制度更具可行性。区域性人权保护制度在人权保护中取得了显著成绩,对全球性国际人权保护有重大启迪作用。