Prevalence and Characteristics of Co‐Offending Recruiters

Previous examinations of co‐offending have identified a subset of high‐rate offenders who commit crimes with a large number of co‐offenders, most of whom are younger and less criminally experienced. These so‐called “recruiters” are of particular interest to researchers and practitioners, because of their potential role in facilitating offending onset and recidivism among their co‐offenders. In this paper, data on 61,646 individuals detected by a large UK police force are used to identify offenders who fitted the recruiter profile, and to compare their individual and offending characteristics with those of non‐recruiters. In total, 86 recruiters were identified. In multivariate analyses, recruiters were found to be older than non‐recruiters and were typically involved in property crimes. In addition, they tended to offend in criminal groups that were more heterogeneous and stable than non‐recruiters. These findings suggest that a small but identifiable group of recruiters can be detected using official data and that these individuals may be important targets for police attention and court treatment.     

《大清律例》“夫尊妻卑”对夫犯妻的影响——以“夫因生活琐事杀妻”案为考察中心

在清代,朱子理学是统治阶级所尊奉的正统学说,《大清律例》具有典型的"夫尊妻卑"特征,这主要体现在夫妻权利义务不对等、夫妻相犯同罪异罚两个方面。在刑科档案中,夫因生活琐事杀妻是导致夫殴妻至死的最主要原因,且在夫杀妻案件中占较大的比例。《大清律例》的"夫尊妻卑"规定,纵容了夫权的肆意膨胀,致使清律为倡导"素相和好"的夫妻关系而试图约束夫犯妻,尤其是夫殴妻致折伤以上的目的无法达到。     

包庇黑社会性质组织罪若干问题研究

包庇黑社会性质组织罪是指国家机关工作人员包庇黑社会性质组织的行为。它是修订后的刑法在第 2 94条第 4款所增加的一个新罪名。本罪所侵犯的直接客体是什么 ?包庇的对象是否只能是“黑社会性质的组织” ?“包庇”行为如何界定以及本罪的立法是否需要进一步的完善等问题均值得研究     

破坏野生动物资源类犯罪若干疑难问题研究

破坏野生动物资源类犯罪为法定犯。但由于行政法、刑法以及司法解释关于野生动物犯罪相关规定存在一定的冲突,特别是在动物保护等级、保护对象、升档标准等方面,导致司法实践在法律适用方面存在众多困难。而在司法实践中,关于动物犯罪案件司法鉴定、主观明知、违法性认识、证明标准等方面也存在不同的观点。     

The Responsibility to Protect at Ten: Glass Half Empty or Half Full?

Abstract

Far from having faded away, ten years after its formal adoption, the responsibility to protect (R2P), is arguably more relevant than ever. In the current overall context of protection crises, heightened in severity by the emergence of violent extremists, R2P has changed the way in which the international community characterises situations that involve protection failures, and has raised expectations about what should occur when atrocity crimes have been committed or are imminent. UN member states now agree that prevention is at the core of R2P, that international action should employ the full range of diplomatic, political and humanitarian measures, and that military force should only be considered as a measure of last resort. While there is continued contestation about particular aspects of R2P – as there is over much older normative advancements, such as human rights – R2P has helped to forge political consensus and build new institutional capacity to prevent and respond to atrocity crimes.     

预防青少年违法犯罪的途径

青少年犯罪预防问题已成为一个世界性的难题。青少年犯罪的原因,既有主观因素又有客观因素,更是主、客观因素相互作用所致。预防青少年违法犯罪的主要途径应从家庭预防、学校预防、社会预防三方面努力。     

俄罗斯的反恐对策及借鉴

俄罗斯是恐怖主义犯罪的重灾区,其完备的反恐立法、全面的反恐措施、艰辛的反恐实践为世界各国提供了反恐样本。与之相比,我国要加强对恐怖主义犯罪的打击力度,尚需要制定统一的反恐法,建立完善的反恐危机管理机制,实施“堵”、“控”策略,扩大国际合作。     

我国刑事法律中真的有证明责任倒置吗?——兼论“推定”下持有型犯罪的证明责任

我国刑事法律中证明责任倒置的提法欠妥。"证明责任"本质上指结果责任的承担。我国刑法上规定的两大特别的"持有型"犯罪为推定犯罪,应符合推定与证明责任的一般原理。刑事推定不仅转移提供证据的责任,而且所提供的证据必须达到优势的程度以使法官对推定的事实产生疑问。结果意义上的证明责任始终由控方承担。不妨对应"争点形成责任"、"疑点形成责任"与"疑点排除责任"等说法来理解推定下持有型犯罪的证明责任。     

论DNA技术在打击多发性侵财犯罪中的拓展应用

目前DNA技术在侦破凶杀、强奸等重大案件中已成为常规的突破方法,但在发案率高,打防难度大的各类侵财型案件侦破中应用还较少,生物物证的提取意识也较差。近年来,英美等发达国家非常重视DNA技术在侦破多发性侵财案件中的拓展应用并取得了很好的效果。应借鉴国外的成功经验,着力消除当前实际工作中制约DNA充分发挥作用的各种不利因素,在多发性侵财案件侦破中充分利用DNA技术高个体识别力和高灵敏度的优势来提高侦破效率,使DNA技术真正成为侵财型案件新的破案增长点。     

当前经济犯罪的特点及对策

伴随着经济的高速发展,经济犯罪情况也十分突出,不仅在量上呈继续上升态势,而且在质上呈现出许多新的特点。对于经济犯罪的防范和惩治对策也应当是多层次全方位的,健全法制制度。健全市场内部管理机制、加强对经济犯罪的侦查和打击、提高公民的思想道德水平都是不可忽略的有效途径。