浅析物证技术基础理论的逻辑基础——三种理论和两种证明方式

物质交换理论、信息交换与转移理论和同一认定理论共同构成了物证技术的基础理论。其中,信息交换与转移理论是物质交换理论在刑事犯罪证据领域的延伸,而同一认定理论则是物质交换理论与信息交换与转移理论在物证技术领域内的体现。这三种理论同时又构筑了两种证明方式,即直接证明方式和间接证明方式。深入理解这三种理论及其构建出的两种证明方式,不仅会使我们对物证技术有明晰的逻辑认识,也会对刑事诉讼中证据的收集方式产生积极的影响。     

BundOnline 2005 — The E-Government Initiative of the German Federal Administration

Abstract

The German e-govemment initiative BundOnline 2005 was launched by the German government in 2001 to ensure that citizens, enterprises and the administration itself can access the services provided by the federal administration easier, faster and at lower costs through the Internet. Euro 1.65 billion are devoted to this purpose. The German e-government initiative is characterized by central coordination, central implementation of shared components and the establishment of competence centers. Finally, the current status is presented especially with respect to the challenges applying to the German legal environment-German data protection requirements and the federal legislation.     

Radical Pragmatism

Abstract

The article introduces radical pragmatism, an approach to working with girls in conflict with the law based on experience, research, and theory, including an analysis of the structural and gendered inequities in which girls live and make choices. There are three components. First, abolish punitive practices and stereotypes that do not attend to girls' requirements of well-being. Second, expand what does work, including the effective, efficient community and school programs that prevent crime and promote well-being as well as differential interventions and compensatory, restorative initiatives for individual girls and groups. Third, politicize the need for equity and human rights by listening to what girls say they require to heal the hurts and prevent additional ones and by ensuring parity in funds and programs that build on what girls require.     

Community Building with Technology

Abstract

This article describes the creation and development of community technology initiatives in Lowell, Massachusetts, a historically poor and ethnically diverse mid-size city. In the past two years, many organizations have joined in community-wide efforts to share information and resources electronically and to launch new electronic technology projects. Recent initiatives include a comprehensive computerized public database of area-wide health and human service programs, a centralized multi-purpose community Web site, and a new inter-agency community technology collaborative. This article reviews these activities and describes general lessons learned in electronic community building that may apply to other communities.     

对反腐斗争实践的几点思考

健全官员财产申报制度,在银行存取款实名制的基础上建立全面的财产实名登记制度,以信息技术为手段,构建反腐败新机制,为预防腐败、打击腐败提供新途径。     

虚拟现场数字证据搜索技术综述

在虚拟犯罪现场固定数字证据前,需要在大量数据中搜索和定位与案件事实相关联的数字证据。为了及时准确定位数字证据,必须依赖计算机相关技术,虚拟现场常采用的搜索技术包括基于字符串的搜索技术、基于特征码的搜索技术、基于数字指纹的搜索技术、基于痕迹信息的搜索技术等。     

现代材料检测技术在建筑工程司法鉴定中的运用

在建筑工程质量司法鉴定过程中．经常遇到因建筑工程采用了新材料、新工艺使现有的检测规范和常规检测方法解决不了的问题，通过举例介绍了运用现代材料检测技术如差示扫描量热，红外吸收光谱等判断地热管使用两年后失效的原因，以及测定外保温聚合物抹面砂浆中的有机物含量和性质判断保温板面层砂浆空鼓脱落的原因，证明了在建筑工程质量司法鉴定中采用现代材料检测技术的必要性。还介绍了建筑工程质量鉴定中采用现代材料检测技术的体会，可能遇到的困难和解决办法。     

论检察技术在诉讼法律监督中的地位和职责范围

检察技术工作是人民检察院运用科学技术手段依法收集、审查、鉴别证据,以查明案件事实的一项专门性业务工作。它既是检察机关办理自侦案件、行使侦查职能的重要环节,又是履行侦查、审判、执行环节诉讼监督职能的重要手段。检察技术在诉讼法律监督中,通过开展技术协助工作,履行技术取证职责,体现侦查职能;通过开展文证审查工作,履行技术复核职责,体现监督职能;通过开展司法鉴定工作,履行技术检验职责,体现检察职能。     

以科学发展观解读新时期的科技成果转化

该文以科学发展观为方法论，探讨了新时期的科技成果转化工作所处的环境背景以及现实需求，指出了加快科技成果转化对于应对金融危机的紧迫性，讨论了科技成果转化和技术转移的本质差异，提出了通过面向需求的科研计划体系、衔接好科研计划市场和技术市场以提高科技成果转化效率的政策主张。该文还从科学发展观出发，提出了在科技成果转化工作中坚持以人为本、统筹兼顾的基本含义和基本思想。     

Asia-Pacific news

This column provides a country-by-country analysis of the latest legal developments, cases and issues relevant to the IT, media and telecommunications' industries in key jurisdictions across the Asia Pacific region. The articles appearing in this column are intended to serve as ‘alerts’ and are not submitted as detailed analyses of cases or legal developments.