The Baltic Question in West German Politics, 1949–90

While previous research by international lawyers has emphasized Bonn's value-neutral legalistic approach to the Baltic question from 1949 to 1990, this article–based on documents from the German Foreign Ministry archives–shows that the West Germans saw the Baltic issue as a political problem that interfered with their highest national aim: German unification. It addresses the following questions: first, why Bonn never made an official announcement of, and never publicly gave a justification for, its stance on the Baltic question; and second, why Bonn granted Baltic refugees the same rights that it offered other Heimat-less foreigners, whereas the remnants of Baltic diplomatic services or self-proclaimed exile governments found no official recognition in Germany. Finally, it comments on the role of the so-called German Balts in West German politics, and in Bonn's Baltic policies specifically.     

Book Reviews

This article examines East European migrants’ relationships with other communities in the context of waged work through in-depth interviews with recent Polish and Lithuanian migrants to London. These migrants found themselves newly surrounded by greater racial and ethnic diversity. By distinguishing themselves from other workers on the basis of skin color and legal status, they present themselves as members of the host country's ‘white’ majority, which places them in a position of power in relation to other migrant groups in London.     

论司法规则制定权的确立基础

确立最高人民法院的司法规则制定权具有充分的正当性:从法治实践来看,法律乃是理性有限的人类的建构之物,因而是恒有缺陷的;从法律规范之要求来看,司法不能拒绝裁判;就国民的期待而言,司法必须伸张正义;从司法的运行机制来看,司法职能的实现必然要求司法机关保持相对的独立性与自主性;从比较法的角度来看,司法规则制定权具有一定的普遍性。     

捕后继续羁押必要性审查标准探究

文章立足于检察机关侦查监督工作实际,借鉴现有法律关于逮捕必要性标准的合理规定,并参照新刑事诉讼法关于羁押必要性的相关条款,厘清捕后继续羁押必要性的概念,对捕后羁押必要性的审查标准的设定原则进行了剖析,并从有继续羁押必要和无继续羁押必要两个方向对该审查标准的维度和详细内容作出一些设想。     

娱乐场所涉毒案件侦查方略

娱乐场所已经成为侦查机关查缉涉毒案件的重要场所。娱乐场所涉毒案件具有以聚众吸毒为主、以吸食新型毒品为主的特点。侦查机关在查缉娱乐场所涉毒案件时需要对贩卖毒品、吸食毒品等违法犯罪行为有针对性的采取相应的侦查措施,做到深挖毒品情报、打击毒品犯罪,遏制娱乐场所涉毒案件的滋生。     

论WTO对我国经济法制建设的影响及对策

加入WTO,对有中国特色社会主义市场经济登上世界经济舞台,建设成熟的社会主义市场经济法制体系,是机遇大于挑战。我国亟需在相关的立法中进一步深化经济法制的理念,积极健全和完善与WTO经济法律制度相适应的相关法律。加快适应“法治经济”发展的法制建设,是保障我国加入WTO之后实现经济健康、快速发展的关键。     

Gender Differences in the Impact of Family of Origin Violence on Perpetrators of Domestic Violence

This study examines the applicability of theories related to the intergenerational transmission of violence. Studies of the impact of violence in the family of origin on the propensity to engage in domestic violence as an adult have commonly focused on boys as potential perpetrators. This study examined the impact of previous violent victimization on males and females charged with domestic violence perpetration, finding previous violence significantly related to increased fear and hyper-vigilance to threat in adult relationships. In addition, the study explored the theoretical assertion that those who use violence in their homes are not also generally violent and found that the majority of individuals using violence, both males and females, were not violent outside the home.     

Corporal Punishment and Kids: How Do Parent Support and Gender Influence Child Adjustment?

Previous research on corporal punishment has failed to consider the interaction of parent support and parent gender in predicting child outcomes. The current study examined whether parental support moderated the effects of corporal punishment on child outcomes (i.e., depression and aggression), and more specifically, whether the gender of the supportive parent moderated the effects of punishment from the opposite-sex parent. Results differed depending on the gender of the punishing and supportive parents, suggesting that parental support can be a protective factor in child outcomes but only under certain conditions. Mother support moderated the effects of father punishment on child depression but not child aggression. High corporal punishment by father was related to more child depression at both high and low levels of mother support. High levels of mother support only seemed important (i.e., children were less depressed) at low levels of father corporal punishment. In contrast, father support moderated the relationship between mother corporal punishment and child aggression but not depression. Children with high father support showed less aggression across all levels of mother corporal punishment. At low levels of father support, child aggression increased as mother corporal punishment increased. For depression, mother corporal punishment was positively related to child depression regardless of level of father support. These findings suggest differential effects for mother and father support and have implications for the treatment and prevention of negative outcomes in children who are physically punished by their parents.

Verbal and Physical Aggression in Couples Where the Female Partner is Drinking Heavily

This study evaluated (i) frequencies of aggression in maritally distressed problem drinking (DP) women relative to controls, (ii) aggression, marital satisfaction, and partner drinking in predicting female drinking, and (iii) discrepant within-couple drinking in predicting marital distress. The sample included 27 DP women, 24 maritally distressed nonproblem drinking women (DNP women), and 24 women with neither problem (NDNP women). DP women reported frequencies of physical aggression similar to DNP women, but less male verbal aggression than DNP women. Predictors of female drinking were marital satisfaction and male drinking, but aggression did not predict female drinking. Female marital satisfaction was predicted by interspousal discrepancies in drinking after accounting for verbal aggression.     

The Relationship Between Traumatization and Pain: What is the Role of Emotion?

The role of emotion in the relationship between traumatic experiences and physical pain was examined via path modeling by using a sample of hospital outpatients (N = 138). Most of the participants reported being traumatized (77%) and experiencing chronic pain (69%). Trauma survivors and nontraumatized individuals did not differ significantly on mean symptom scale scores (i.e., depression, anxiety, anger, dissociation, somatization and pain). However, a moderate effect size was found for dissociation. There were also significant associations found between trauma levels and levels of adult symptomatology. Interestingly, sexual abuse was less highly correlated with symptomatology than other types of traumatization, such as neglect. None of the three proposed path models describing the relationship between trauma, pain, and emotion fit the data successfully. Implications are discussed.