The Formal Delegation of Regulatory Decisions in the Telecommunication Sector: An Explanation Using Classification Trees

Research on regulation has traditionally focused on studying the delegation of regulatory competencies from political principals to an independent regulatory agency. In this article, we argue that this delegation is nuanced by different factors that affect whether a specific regulatory decision is formally delegated. We examine and explain formal delegation patterns at the level of individual regulatory decisions in twelve countries located in Europe, Latin America, and South Asia. The data were gathered by coding the twelve countries' telecommunications legislation. The data analysis was undertaken using a classification tree model—a nonparametric model. We found that the maturity of the market has the greatest effect on the formal delegation of regulatory decisions, but this effect is also influenced by the other theoretical factors considered, particularly the level of political constraints and the type of regulation.     

The Space Between: Demonization of Opponents and Policy Divergence

Prior research on policy conflicts indicates a tendency among policy actors to misperceive the influence of actors engaged in policy debates based on the degree of distance between their relative policy positions. This research develops a measure for assessing the degree and direction of the misperception effect. This measure is then utilized as a dependent variable to assess the relationship between theoretically relevant factors and the degree to which actors will exaggerate the influence of their opponents and allies. The research uses original survey data of policy actors engaged in the debate over hydraulic fracturing in New York. The results indicate misperceptions of relative influence are prevalent and most associated with the experience of a policy loss and holding relatively extreme policy beliefs. The findings provide new insight into factors that influence the demonization of political opponents. These insights are timely in the context of polarized debates over environmental and energy policy in the United States.     

Spaces of self-consciousness: Carla Accardi's environments and the rise of Italian feminism

“Spaces of self-consciousness” examines three environments created by the Italian artist Carla Accardi in light of an emerging feminist politics. Though better known as a painter, Accardi created these three-dimensional works during an era of political and social upheaval in which her own commitment to the Italian feminist movement began to take shape. Her environments were deeply imbricated both with her own experience of autocoscienza, or consciousness-raising, as well as with radical design proposals that rejected the current state of civilization. This article examines how these environments functioned as prototypes of the transient, anti-institutional spaces that she would later create as co-founder of Rivolta femminile, a historic Italian feminist collective, and examines a previously obscure moment in Carla Accardi's career.     

在市场经济条件下进一步 做优做强工会企事业的几点思考

工会企事业是工运事业的重要组成部分。办好工会企事业对于提升工会组织的履职能力和服务能力,扩大工会组织的社会影响力,增强工会组织的号召力和凝聚力,有着极为重要的作用。多年来,各级工会组织高度重视企事业建设与发展,经过持续努力,逐步形成了具有工会特色、适应职工群众需求的工会企事业体系,在工会工作中发挥出积极的作用。     

台湾“行政程序法”制定公布十年之实施经验——为大陆行政程序法起草工作提供借鉴

台湾“行政程序法”于1999年2月3日公布，2001年1月1日起施行。依据台湾“行政程序法”第l条规定：“为使行政行为遵循公正、公开与民主之程序，确保依法行政之原则，以保障人民权益，提高行政效能，增进人民对行政之信赖，特制定本法”。台湾“行政程序法”之内容分为“总则”、“行政处分”、“行政契约”、“法规命令及行政规则”、“行政计画”、“行政指导”、“陈情”与“附则”等八章，共175条。自1999年2月3日公布至今，除于2000年12月27日及2001年6月20日两度修正公布第174条之1有关职权命令失效日期之规定，2005年12月28日配合政府资讯公开法之公布施行删除第44条、第45条之规定外，其余条文均未变动。台湾“行政程序法”实施之成效，包括强化民权保障、深化民主原则、贯彻依法行政、提高行政效能、增进人民对行政之信赖、行政法总论之法典化等。晚近，大陆倡议制定行政程序法之呼声不断。本文拟略述台湾“行政程序法”之立法沿革、主要内容、实施成效、所遏问题，期能为大陆行政程序法起草工作提供借鉴。     

评述行政紧急权力的法律控制

紧急状态是任何社会在其发展过程中都不可避免的,因而行政紧急权力的动用在特定情况下也就同样不可避免。但是何为行政紧急权力,为什么要控制行政紧急权力以及如何控制行政紧急权力,这些关乎行政紧急权力有效运行的重大问题,伴随着紧急状态立法成为我国行政法学者热议的话题。学者们对行政紧急权力的基本属性还存在不同的理解,对行政紧急权力法律控制的必要性和控制路径也存在着不同的认识。加强对行政紧急权力在事前、事中、事后的法律控制是根本途径。     

论意识王国基础性事实

羁人意识总是在表现着对人显现着的实在性,此即意识王国的基础性事实,也是哲学研究的原始起点。“意识是实在性的反映”与“实在性的反映是意识”是意识王国基础性事实两端各为主体自身的反思规定性,是其两端联结的不同反思形式。哲学基本问题,便是意识王国基础性事实两端的相关性,而实在性是否可知的问题既是哲学基本问题内涵的真谛所在,同时也是意识王国基础性事实的基本问题。本体论、认识论和价值论,构成意识王国基础性事实的三个意识形式,是它的整个逻辑内容所是。哲学一般的完美整体．是哲学本体论、哲学认识论、哲学价值论三的内在统一,是意识王国基础性事实与其逻辑内容所是的内在统一。意识三国基础性事实．是贯通哲学整个逻辑内容的内在基石。     

Social Support: A Mediator between Child Maltreatment and Developmental Outcomes

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between child maltreatment, social support, and developmental outcomes in first-year college students. Participants were 202 undergraduate students (137 female, 65 male) who completed surveys at two time points: once before entering college and once during their first year of college. It was hypothesized that child maltreatment would predict poorer developmental outcomes in adolescence and early adulthood, but that social support would mediate this relationship. Results indicated that child maltreatment related negatively to developmental outcomes and to perceived social support; adolescent and young adult development related positively to perceived social support. In addition, a mediational model in which social support mediates child maltreatment and developmental outcomes was supported.