A multilevel puzzle: Migrants’ voting rights in national and local elections

How does international migration impact the composition of the demos? Constitutional doctrines and democratic theories suggest contrasting responses: an insular one excludes both non‐citizen immigrants and citizen‐emigrants; a deterritorialised one includes all citizens wherever they reside; a postnational one includes all residents and only these. This article argues that none of these predicted responses represents the dominant pattern of democratic adaptation, which is instead a level‐specific expansion of the national franchise to include non‐resident citizens and of the local franchise to include non‐citizen residents. This is demonstrated by analysing an original dataset on voting rights in 31 European and 22 American countries, and outlining a level‐sensitive normative theory of citizenship that provides support for this pattern as well as a critical benchmark for current franchise policies. The findings can be summarised in two inductive generalisations: (1) Voting rights today no longer depend on residence at the national level and on citizenship of the respective state at the local level; (2) Voting rights do, however, generally depend on citizenship of the respective state at the national level and on residence at the local level. In the article, these are called the patterns of franchise ‘expansion’ and ‘containment’. The former supports the idea of widespread level‐specific expansion of the franchise and refutes the insular view of the demos. The latter signals corresponding level‐specific restrictions, which defeats over‐generalised versions of deterritorialised or postnational conceptions of the demos. In order to test how robust this finding is, cases are analysed where the dominant patterns of expansion have been resisted and where unexpected expansion has occurred. With regard to the former, the article identifies constitutional and political obstacles to voting rights expansion in particular countries. With regard to the latter, the article shows that even where national voting rights have been extended to non‐citizen residents, containment remains strong through indirect links to citizenship.     

新时期公安院校的发展方向--略论公安院校参照军事院校管理

在我国,公安院校与军事院校有许多相似之处。军事院校在管理上的很多成功经验值得公安院校借鉴学习。事实上,公安院校在加强自身建设过程中,一直在不断地借鉴吸收军事院校的建设成果,这也是公安院校的成功经验之一。为了贯彻“二十公”会议提出的“逐步推行公安院校参照军事院校进行管理”的新要求,文章从宏观层面,在对军事院校办学特点进行分析的基础上,提出了公安院校在办学理念、学科建设、培养模式、管理体制、教育机制等方面参照军事院校进行管理的若干思考,希望能对现实有所裨益。     

科学发展观与经济犯罪侦查教育培训的发展

科学发展观的提出对经济犯罪侦查教育培训的发展具有特殊重要的意义,我们应正确理解、运用科学发展观,用"以人为本"的原则重新审视经济犯罪侦查教育、培训目标及教育培训过程、教育培训内容、教育、培训方式方法,促进经济犯罪侦查教育、培训的全面发展。     

"徒法不足以自行"--秦朝由"事皆决于法"而迅速走向亡国的历史启示

法律与道德都是治理国家的重要手段,两者相互影响、相互渗透、相互促进、不可偏废。秦朝奉行“一断于法”、“以法为本”的法家学说,重法轻德,“专任刑罚”,实行严刑峻法,本想实现长治久安,最后反而短命夭折。     

公安高等教育教学质量监控体系初探

教学质量是高等院校的生命线,建立一套完整的规范化的教学质量监控与评估体系是保障高等院校教学质量的重要手段。从ISO9000标准要求和中国人民公安大学的本科教学质量的现状来看,只有坚持以教学评估为导向,在教学质量监控和评估等方面不断进行探索和研究,建立并完善学校的监控管理制度,才能构建适应公安高等教育教学改革需要的教学质量监控与评估体系。     

法学研究的新视野:对法律的经济学分析

市场经济的快速发展,带动了法学理论研究的革新.法律经济学分析方法的产生,为我们认识和评价法律提供了新的视角.法律的经济学分析方法产生的前提是法学与经济学在价值观和研究主题上有关联性,现代经济学为法律成本效率的研究提供了便利.效益原则、供求原则及均衡原则是法律经济学构架的核心.法律经济学的研究和发展,有助于推进中国法律制度的改革.     

The Symbolic Construction of Rival Nations: Radio Japan's Coverage of U.S.-Japanese Trade Disputes

Although there is an extensive research literature on the ideological uses of news particularly during times of war there has been little investigation of how media present news in support of their nations' position in international economic conflicts This study analyzes the newscasts of Radio Japan during a period of major trade disputes between Japan and the United States It identi fies the way in which a clear and serviceable image of an international trade rival can be constructed as a cumulative product over an extended period of newscasts     

新法消褪碘熏显手印中的杂景

手印图像上的杂景干扰,是手印显现、固定、提取中经常遇到的问题,其对手印纹线特征清晰、准确地展现产生了极大的影响。若用碘熏显的手印和图像相减运算的方法,可以有效地消褪手印图像中的杂景。