全球科研评价体系的演进与发展--以美国、英国、澳大利亚、荷兰四国为例

通过对美国、英国、澳大利亚、荷兰四国科研评价体系发展的纵向梳理,以及对四国最新科研评价体系的横向比较,可以发现此四国科研体系具有一些共同的演进逻辑和发展趋势：评价体系的精细化、评价成本效益的最大化、政府引导的明朗化。这些评价体系的特点对我国建设科学而多元的科研评价体系具有重要的借鉴意义。     

构建有中国特色的个人信用制度

完善的信用制度是由国家信用、企业信用和个人信用组成的，但我国个人信用制度却长期缺位。构建有中国特色的个人信用制度要在坚持信用原则、契约原则、法制原则、道德原则的基础上循序渐进，有步骤地实施。     

我国个人信息匿名化的法律标准与规则重塑

大数据时代,匿名化规范既是个人信息保护中风险预防的手段,也是我国数据经济发展中数字流通的法律基础,但匿名化的法律标准在我国法律中还有待明确。欧盟已通过《一般数据保护条例》提出明确的匿名化标准,但该条例基于流程设置的标准适用于欧盟境内尚可,适用于我国或显得过于严苛,有碍数字经济的发展。我国个人信息匿名化法律标准与规则的重塑应当考虑环境、再识别风险,建议进行功能性匿名化。将比例原则应用到我国匿名化法律标准和规则的重塑之中,并将其引入到评估匿名信息接收者的风险等级,有助于降低个人信息被再识别的风险亦有利于匿名化的法律标准制定和规则构建。     

公安评价运行中存在的问题及其解决途径

伴随着我国行政体制改革的不断深入和政府职能的重塑。公共部门的工作评价也逐渐成为政府部门工作的重要组成部分，在实践中对于促进政府职能转变、提高行政效率效果显著。作为政府职能部门的公安机关也开始探索公安工作评价的新思路和新方法．以期通过评价来促进工作的改进和效能的提高。公安评价在运行中面临着来自主观和客观两方面的障碍，公安机关应该从加强公安评价规范化建设、建立公安评价信息系统、引入公众参与机制等方面入手，保证最大限度地发挥公安评价的作用。实现既定的目标。     

论强制实际履行合同中的价值判断与选择

强制实际履行是对违约的一种重要的救济措施,但各国对此适用的条件和态度有所差异,本文通过比较分析两大法系关于强制实际履行的价值判断与选择,认为在适用中应引入经济分析的方法加以考量,并对我国《合同法》有关问题的完善提出了若干建议。     

To be continued . . . Syntheses and trends in follow-up of quality assurance in West European higher education

The authors report on West European trends in follow-up arrangements of national quality assurance procedures. They argue that external quality assurance ought to adopt a broader conception of quality than is now often the case. Next, the general public ought to have a guarantee that external quality assurance is valid (through meta-evaluation) and has consequences (through follow-up arrangements). Follow-up currently is not well developed in many European countries in a formal sense, but is receiving more attention as external quality assurance is maturing. Finally, the authors link national quality assurance to the European dimension; an international network could fulfil important functions in making quality assurance transparent and credible across Europe. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

干部实绩考核方法论探析

凭实绩用干部是新时期新阶段干部原则的创造性发展.贯彻凭实绩用干部的原则,必须坚持马克思主义的世界观和方法论,用科学的方法考核干部的实绩,正确处理干部的物质文明建设成果与精神文明建设成果、个人实绩与集体实绩、现实成果与长远发展潜力、客观条件与主观努力等一系列关系,使实绩考核科学地引导和激励干部,在干部管理中发挥更加积极的作用.     

Internet mediated crimes and theoretical approaches

Purpose: in the literature, the term ‘Internet crime’ has been coined to indicate the scenario in which a victim of homicide or other crimes is met through a chat room, and lured to death at the hands of the murderer. Various criticisms have been made of this new concept, on the grounds that the outcome is no different from that of other crimes committed without the use of Web resources, and so the method used has no particular influence. Indeed, it has been claimed that informatic crime just reflects a technological change in the nature of crime rather than a new form of criminal behavior attributable to the use of the Internet for criminal purposes. Method: our reflections were prompted by our experience as expert forensic psychiatry witnesses in three cases in which the aggressors had confessed to having had an exclusively virtual relationship with the victims, in which they spent a lot of time daily in a chat room. Conclusion: this scenario offers points for reflection on the nature of Web-mediated victim–aggressor interactions, to assess the effects on the planning and commission of the crime. Discussion. it’s our opinion that there really is such a thing as Internet-correlated crime, because in this case the quality and quantity of the Internet interactions progressively altered the men’s perception of the real relationship between themself and their victims.