反劫持谈判中的可行性评估

劫持已经成为当前世界范围内仅次于爆炸的恐怖主义活动。近一两年,我国刑事劫持案件和自劫轻生事件频发,形势不容乐观。在反劫持工作中,加强对谈判工作的研究,对谈判技巧的探讨,对谈判程序的规范是十分重要的。谈判中,劫持者被谈判征服的可行性评估是专业谈判员赶至事件现场后必须做的第一项工作。根据现场事件性质和种类的不同,劫持事件可分为四类。不同种类的劫持事件被谈判征服的可行性都有不同———恐怖劫持事件无法被谈判征服;刑事劫持事件有可能被谈判征服;精神障碍劫持危机绝大多数可被谈判解除;自杀轻生危机极有可能用谈判加以化解。     

新冠肺炎疫情下司法精神医学鉴定的应对

新冠肺炎疫情已被公认为全球性重大挑战。已经、正在,同时仍将对人类社会的诸多方面产生深远的影响。新冠肺炎疫情下司法精神医学鉴定面临诸多挑战,通过梳理疫情下已实施的有关司法鉴定方面的做法、经验,分析涉疫情主要犯罪类型,开展司法精神医学远程鉴定具有必要性和可行性。但应关注其局限性,实施之前应制定相应的操作规范。     

论我国农村地区社会治安防控体系的运行机制

构建农村地区社会治安防控体系是维护农村社会稳定和构建社会主义和谐社会的重要途径。建立科学的农村地区社会治安防控的运行机制是构建农村地区社会治安防控体系的重要内容。农村地区社会治安防控的运行机制包括科学划分警务区,因地制宜地配置警力,适时建立农村警务室,强化农村社区民警的职责,改革农村地区社会治安防控的勤务方式,加强农村地区社会治安防控工作的考评工作等方面。     

略论基层检察机关执法考评制度

检察机关自实行执法考评制度以来,对检察工作起到了积极的推动作用,也取得了良好的成效。然而,基层检察机关的现行执法考评制度仍存在诸多弊端,如考评目的不明确,考评时效滞后,考评效果单一,考评标准不够科学等,亟待进一步修订和完善。     

Anger, Child Behavior, and Family Distress: Further Evaluation of the Parental Anger Inventory

Presumably, anger is a common experience of parenting. Although practitioners and researchers recognize the role of anger in various parenting situations, objective and standardized measures of parental anger have been notably lacking in the field. This study examined the Parental Anger Inventory (PAI), a measure developed specifically to assess parental anger in response to child misbehavior. A diverse sample of 98 parents participated in the study, including (a) physically abusive or neglectful parents, or both, n = 44; (b) nonmaltreating clinic parents seeking assistance for child behavior problems, n = 24; and (c) nonmaltreating, non-help-seeking community parents, n = 30. Results support the internal consistency, temporal stability, and convergent validity of the PAI. Findings also demonstrate the PAI's potential utility when working with maltreating and help-seeking parents. Results highlight the importance of assessing parental anger toward children and support the use of the PAI in assessment, treatment, and research.     

Emission Trading Restrictions with Endogenous Technological Change

In this paper we use a simple climate model for endogenous environmental technical change in order to analyse the effects on equity and efficiency of placing different degrees of restrictions on trade in the market of pollution permits. The model is obtained by incorporating in Nordhaus and Yang (1996)'s RICE model a notion of induced technical change close to the one proposed in Goulder and Mathai (2000). With the help of such a model, we assess the pros and cons of introducing ceilings on emission trading. In particular, we analyse both the cost effectiveness and the distributional effects of placing restrictions of trading emissions. The analysis takes into account the role of environmental technical change that could be enhanced by emission trade limitations. However, this effect is shown to be offset by the increased abatement cost induced by the larger than optimal adoption of domestic policy measures when ceilings are made binding. Hence, our analysis provides little support for quantitative restrictions of emission trading, even when these restrictions actually have a positive impact of technical change. Even in terms of equity, ceilings find no justification within our theoretical and modelling framework. Indeed, we find that flexibility mechanisms in the presence of endogenous technical change increase equity and that the highest equity levels are achieved without ceilings, both in the short and in the long run.     

Working with People Who Are Violent to Their Partners: A Safety Building Approach

This article offers a new perspective on the assessment, treatment and management of adults who are violent to their partners. Using a worked case example, it describes how a solution-focused approach is used to develop, and evidence, safety for all family members.

上海市道路交通事故受伤人员伤残分析

目的分析道路交通事故伤残的特征,为制定和修改伤残鉴定标准和相关法规提供参考。方法对上海市因道路交通事故受伤,2005年经法医评定构成伤残的案例资料进行回顾性分析。结果伤残部位以肢体最多（53.3%）,其次为头部（23.3%）,脊柱（9.7%）,胸部（5.8%）和腹部（4.4%）。2005年上海市交通事故年累积致残率为414.8/10万,男性（505.7/10万）高于女性（318.7/10万）,以35～59岁的致残率最高（538.2/10万）,60岁以上致残率呈现下降趋势（30.2/10万）。伤残者中交通方式以非机动车最多,其次为行人。结论2005年上海市道路交通伤致残率青壮年（35～59岁）最高,对社会经济和劳动力损失大。     

European air pollution assessments: co-production of science and policy

This paper examines the question whether the scientific knowledge framework produced in the context of the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) can keep its credibility, legitimacy and relevance when used in a different policy arena, e.g. the European Commission (EC) of the European Union. The paper combines a conceptual framework for considering effective assessments with the notion of boundary work and co-production of science and policy to examine differences between the roles and division of tasks between scientists and policy makers in the two different policy contexts. The paper concludes that, despite the differences between the two policy settings, user characteristics and the historical context are to a certain extent similar in LRTAP and the EU Clean Air for Europe Programme (CAFE), and that participants in the two processes partially overlap and tackle the same policy problem. The scientific knowledge framework as developed within LRTAP can maintain credibility, legitimacy and relevance when it is used in CAFE if certain conditions are fulfilled. One condition is the effective functioning of LRTAP, because the CAFE assessment process remains also dependent on the LRTAP process. Data collection and mapping efforts in the context of LRTAP form also the basis for the analyses within CAFE. Furthermore, a broadly embedded scientific basis is needed in the countries to enable each country to follow or relate to the analyses commissioned by the EU. The conceptual framework and concept of boundary work used in this paper turned out to be helpful in focusing on the dynamic relationship between science and policy.