Comparing the Scoring of Human Decomposition from Digital Images to Scoring Using On‐site Observations

When in forensic casework or empirical research in‐person assessment of human decomposition is not possible, the sensible substitution is color photographic images. To date, no research has confirmed the utility of color photographic images as a proxy for in situ observation of the level of decomposition. Sixteen observers scored photographs of 13 human cadavers in varying decomposition stages (PMI 2–186 days) using the Total Body Score system (total n = 929 observations). The on‐site TBS was compared with recorded observations from digital color images using a paired samples t‐test. The average difference between on‐site and photographic observations was ?0.20 (t = ?1.679, df = 928, p = 0.094). Individually, only two observers, both students with <1 year of experience, demonstrated TBS statistically significantly different than the on‐site value, suggesting that with experience, observations of human decomposition based on digital images can be substituted for assessments based on observation of the corpse in situ , when necessary.     

Enhancing student performance and employability through the use of authentic assessment techniques in extra and co-curricular activities (ECCAs)

The paper advocates the use of authentic assessment techniques, delivered in extra and co-curricular activities (ECCAs), to augment and improve student performance on academic law degree programmes. A combination of formative and summative methods in ECCA assessment provides the optimum environment to measure and improve the crucial critical reasoning skill – the key transferable skill to academic degree success. This skill, when developed in students, is also highly prized by prospective employers, and therefore, the use of authentic assessment improves graduate employability rates.     

电子数据司法鉴定工具可靠性评估研究

探讨建立对电子数据司法鉴定工具进行科学性及可靠性的评估方法。在已有的国内外取证工具评测方法的基础上,借鉴国家强制认证认可和可靠性工程等因素,对电子数据司法鉴定工具可靠性评估体系中的工具基本认可和定性评估二阶段进行详细分析,为保证司法鉴定实践的科学性和准确性提供理论依据。     

保险定损权探析——以交通事故定损为例

保险定损是保险理赔最重要环节,而定损权行使主体的不同直接关乎保险合同当事人的权益。为提高保险定损权的权威性和公正性,其基本路径在于强化保险公估机构的法律地位,完善相关法律制度,提高公估机构的公信力。     

道路交通事故精神伤残评定相关问题

近年来,道路交通事故频繁发生,造成严重的人身伤害。许多颅脑损伤患者伤后常出现明显的行为或认知缺陷,创伤性脑损伤患者精神障碍的患病率明显增高,精神伤残的评定日益增多。但同时,关于精神伤残评定的争议也日益激烈。首先介绍国内外精神伤残的相关概念,然后分析道路交通事故精神伤残评定标准存在的不足和缺陷,重点分析道路交通事故中精神伤残程度的影响因素,并介绍精神伤残评定中的检查方法,最后提出解决精神伤残评定分歧的思路。     

中国改革开放30年法官素质状况变迁研究——以法官职业标准与法官职业外部评价标准为视角

中国法治建设三十年来取得了不菲成就,法官素质的发展变化从微观角度上对此做出了佐证。法官素质是指法官的审判能力或资格。"职业标准"是指法官职业本身对法官素质的认识标准。法官职业标准立基于法官职业内部视角,也可称为内在标准。"法官职业外部评价标准"是法官职业外部的人对法官素质评价标准,因其视角基于法官职业之外,也可称为外部标准。我们可以发现法官素质问题在当代中国的独特性与复杂性,同时这一问题也昭示了中国当下进行的法治建设所具有的独特性与复杂性,并预示着法治在中国的实现仍需假以时日,不会一蹴而就。     

监狱工作的考核评估与重新犯罪率的科学测算

当前监狱考核工作存在问题主要是考核未按等级分类、考核起点设定不平衡、考核指标设置不合理、重视显绩轻视潜绩。监狱考核工作应当建立符合监狱工作实际、符合社会发展要求的考核评价机制,遵循公正原则、整体原则、长效原则和自控原则。建立完善监狱工作评估考核体系,须以科学发展观为指导,深化落实"首要标准",建立健全包含监管安全稳定、刑罚执行公正、罪犯改造质量高低、民警队伍建设程度等在内的指标体系:一是依据等级设定考核方案;二是设置分类考核标准;三是制定考核量化指标;四是科学测算重新犯罪率。     

基于语用理论的法律论证评价模式研究

在非经典逻辑尤其是法律论证中,语用的维度和语用分析的方法起着非常重要的作用,语形、语义和语用分析方法相结合,才能使科学共同体的论辩成为可能。依据语用分析的方法,法律论证的评价模式应为形式有效、实质有效、修辞有效的论证评价标准的结合。三者互为依靠,形成论证评价的三角形框架模型,所建立的这种论证评价模式才是法律论证评价的恰当标准。     

The European Commission's Opinions under Article 6(4) of the Habitats Directive

The contribution examines the Opinions which the European Commissionhas issued so far under Article 6(4) of Directive 92/43 (HabitatsDirective). It examines Member States' reasoning for justifyingthe application of Article 6(4) of the Habitats Directive inthe light of the European Court of Justice rulings, and comesto the conclusion that probably not one of the cases submittedwould have been accepted by the Court.     

以建立科学的政绩考评体系为核心树立科学的发展观

树立科学的发展观、政绩观必须先行建立科学的政绩考评体系,它是树立科学发展观的根本制度要求。建立科学的政绩考评体系必须遵循“五大关系”综合考量、考评主体群众至上、考评内容德绩并重、考评办法科学合理等基本原则,构建政绩评估、政绩奖惩、政绩量化、政绩导向、政绩监督“五大机制”。