案例二则

通过对现场血迹分布情况的分析,成功破获了一起聋哑人故意杀人案;掌握"十字形"开锁器的原理,熟悉利用"十字形"开锁器作案的现场规律,注重现场勘验,便于判定作案手段,对案件定性和开展侦查具有重要意义。     

1 601例盆腔炎性疾病及其后遗症患者中医证型分布特征

目的 探究盆腔炎性疾病（pelvic inflammatory disease,PID）和盆腔炎性疾病后遗症（sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease,SPID）患者中医证型分布特征。方法 以成都中医药大学附属医院为牵头单位,通过横断面调查,对全国17个省、自治区、直辖市的22家医院的1 601例PID和SPID患者（其中PID患者874例,SPID患者727例）的中医证候特征进行分析。结果 PID以湿热蕴结证（占40.96%）、湿热瘀结证（占30.32%）、瘀热内结证（占10.64%）、热毒炽盛证（占7.89%）为常见证型;盆腔炎性疾病反复发作急性期以湿热瘀结证（占22.39%）、气滞血瘀夹湿热证（占22.39%）为常见证型;SPID非急性加重期以湿热瘀结证（占38.52%）为常见证型;其中慢性盆腔疼痛、盆腔炎性疾病反复发作、不孕症以湿热瘀结证为常见证型。PID患者湿热蕴结证、湿热瘀结证在所有地区的分布频率均较高,瘀热内结证、热毒炽盛证在西南地区分布较多;SPID患者的证型中,西南、华中、华南地区以湿热瘀结证、气滞血瘀证较多见,气虚血瘀证在华中、西北地区分布频率较高,肾虚血瘀证在华东、华北地区分布频率较高,寒湿凝滞证在西北、东北地区分布较多;中医证型与地区分布的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 PID和SPID中医证型分布具有一定规律性,地区分布存在一定差异性,可为临床因地制宜地辨证治疗PID提供一定的参考依据。     

Income inequality and level of corruption in post-communist European countries between 1995 and 2014

This paper analyses the relationships between income inequality and corruption in Europe and looks specifically at post-communist European countries. The scientific community agrees that there is important relationship between income inequality and corruption and many authors believe that low income inequality is connected to low corruption. According to empirical papers, this is true not only on the European scale, but also on a global scale. In this paper, I test this claim by conducting a multilevel analysis on 39 European countries in the period of 1995–2014. This model ascertains that there are immense differences between post-communist countries and the rest of European countries. The effects of income inequality on the level of corruption are discussed.     

公共教育资源配置失衡及其政策补给——以湘南H区2005年的相关教育数据为分析样本

教育公平一直以来是中国公共管理领域重点讨论的话题。公共教育资源分配不均衡和教育服务的不充分与不对等是造成教育不公的主要原因。以2005年湘南H区义务教育状况为样本,运用实地调查和统计分析的研究方法,从教育财政资源、教师资源、学生资源三个方面分析了当前地方公共教育资源配置失衡的状况及其原因。由于长期实行城市偏向的教育政策和重点校制度,形成了农村教育和城市教育以及"重点学校"和"普通学校"的天壤之别,从而导致了公共教育资源配置失衡和公共教育的不平等。因此,要最终促进公共教育的均衡发展和公共教育服务的均等化供给,必须纠正原有的政策偏差,进一步统筹城乡发展,加大农村教育投入力度,确保农村教育投入的优先性;必须打破原有办学特权,实现办学点和生源的均衡配置;必须实施鼓励和优惠政策,避免城乡教育"马太效应"的持续恶化。     

统一我国企业所得税的法律探讨

我国现行内外资企业所得税"两法并存"的立法现状存在着很多问题,已经不适应当前政治经济形势的发展,亟待统一.本文首先分析了我国企业所得税的立法现状及其存在的问题,进而从立法模式、法律地位、税率、税收优惠、税前列支范围和标准以及收入归属的确定等方面,探讨了统一我国企业所得税的法律构想.     

The labour market and income distribution in post-socialist economies – Non-obvious regularities

The goal of this paper is to analyse the major processes which took place on the labour market of post-socialist economies and to check what the outcomes of thee mechanisms used for income distribution. Few findings are especially interesting because of its counterintuitive character. First, there is a “strange” relation between the depth of recession and scale of rise in unemployment. Countries which suffered from quite moderate fall in GDP experienced high level of unemployment, while the economies which noticed substantial recession were able to sustain very limited unemployment rate. One can also expect that economy which suffered from sharp rise in unemployment should be the one in which income inequalities deteriorate in the biggest extend. Again, this is not what has happened in post-socialist countries. Economies like Russia or Ukraine which noticed quite limited rise in unemployment rates, experienced the highest deterioration in the income inequalities indicators. Finally, closer look at labour markets of EU New Member states shows that social cohesion in these countries is a much bigger problem than it appears from simple Gini coefficients.     

民事诉讼中的举证责任

本文考察了举证责任的基础概念、一般理论及目前我国民事诉讼制度对这些概念理论的接受状况或程度，在此基础上展示举证责任倒置和减轻在我国民事立法上及司法实务运作中的种种形态。本文不强调定义的精确和理论的新颖，而着力于尽可能紧扣我国民事审判实务的具体场境，去尝试系统地整理相关的基础知识。     

Gradient constraint in voting: The effect of intra-generational social class and income mobility on turnout

As the connection between an individual’s socioeconomic status and electoral participation originates from the socialization process in childhood and adolescence, inequalities in voting are often argued to be relatively stable throughout the life cycle. However, social mobility during adulthood may mitigate the effects of family background. Using individual-level register-based data, this study examines the extent to which changes in adults’ social class and income between 2000 and 2011 influenced voting propensity in the 2012 Finnish municipal elections. The results show that turnout among socially mobile voters settles between the stable members of their socioeconomic group of origin and destination. Our findings imply that intra-generational social and economic mobility can constrain the socioeconomic gradient in turnout.     

涉数据竞争行为正当性的判定标准分析

数字经济背景下的竞争很大程度上依托于数据的积累和应用,而平台数据具有牵一发而动全身的特点,在其商业模式的影响下,互联网平台经营者之间围绕数据的获取和使用等行为产生了利益冲突。由于我国尚未确立数据相关的权利,现有司法裁判中通常寻诸《反不正当竞争法》第二条进行规制。虽然此举是目前相对可取的模式,但实务中的正当性判定仍存在利益分配不平衡的情况,同时,一般条款亦存在适用边界不明晰的问题。因此,需要对现有司法判定方式进行局部调整,将审视“搭便车”行为、关注消费者利益和市场效果作为改进的一般原则,把相关市场界定和比例原则作为具体操作思路,再从多元视角分配利益格局,以进一步完善涉数据竞争行为的正当性判定标准。     

基于劳动价值理论的济南市收入分配机制探索

赋予劳动价值理论新的内涵,深化对劳动价值论的理解和应用,对于济南市收入分配机制的创新有着重要的现实意义。深化分配制度改革应从两个方面进行:一是要加快建立现代薪酬体系,形成市场分配机制;二是建立新的分配格局,形成“扩中、保低、调高”收入分配调节机制。