Information Asymmetry and the Financial Consumer Protection Policy

As complex structure of financial products severely limits consumers' understanding and causes an information asymmetry, the need to protect financial consumers has been a target of heated debates. This study designs a game theory-based model and presents that the reason behind an inadequate advisory service by financial institutions is a combination of consumers' poor financial literacy and sellers' abuse of such weakness to pursue their own profits. Our model shows that when there is information asymmetry on both product characteristics and investment preference of financial consumers, having competing companies that offer substitute products is not enough to ensure a proper advisory service. Two measures may be considered to address this issue. The first measure would be voluntary market efforts to strengthen financial consumer's literacy and self-regulatory mechanism. The second measure would be to step up administrative regulations on financial product sellers in both ex-ante and ex-post mechanisms.     

网络平台个人信息处理格式条款的效力认定

近年来,以网络平台隐私政策中个人信息处理格式条款为诱因的侵权案件频发,引起学界的广泛关注。消解个人信息处理格式条款与知情权、解释权、被遗忘权、脱离自动化决策权保护冲突的关键是,对格式条款进行类型化处理,分别进行效力认定。网络平台未尽到提示说明义务,致使信息主体没有注意或者理解与其有重大利害关系的条款的,格式条款不应成为合同内容;格式条款显失公平的,信息主体可以请求法院予以撤销;格式条款符合我国《民法典》第497条规定之情形的,应认定为无效;“主要权利”的认定,在考虑合同内容的同时,应奉行合同性质决定论;以“理性人”构建网络平台的解释义务标准,力争在保障网络平台健康发展的同时,切实维护信息主体的个人信息权。     

“Personal information of privacy nature” under Chinese Civil Code

Chinese Civil Code separates the civil right to privacy and the civil interest of personal information through the proposal of the PIPN in Article 1034, which constructs a different model from both EU and US. Although this distinction is of great significance, it brings potential problems, too. The PIPN is a kind of personal information which is unwilling to be known to others with privacy nature, which can be defined through a method of combining basic definition plus enumerations. It is recommended to consider the context and purpose of processing personal information when deciding the PIPN, and the level of privateness, availability, risk and identifiability will be considered to the privacy test. Based on Chinese reality, ID number, biometric information, financial information should be list as the typical kinds of the PIPN in the future legislation.     

论系列杀人案件的信息披露工作

侦查工作的成败,很大程度上取决于案件信息占有量和信息利用程度。系列杀人案件的社会危害性大,侦查难度大,必须正确地串并案件,充分利用已掌握的信息,结合对犯罪嫌疑人进行的犯罪心理画像,通过适当的案件信息披露方式来发动群众协助破案,并警示群众自我防护。     

Why Do Peace Negotiations Succeed or Fail? Legal Commitment,Transparency, and Inclusion during Peace Negotiations in Colombia (2012–2016) and Turkey (2012–2015)

This article examines the ways in which the negotiation framework—i.e., the legal guarantees, information management mechanism, and degree of inclusivity in peace negotiations—shapes the likelihood of concluding a peace agreement. Codifying the peace negotiations in law, publicizing information about the content of negotiations, and including mediators and civil society actors in peace talks is likely to increase a government's short‐term costs. However, doing so alleviates the adversaries' information asymmetry and commitment problems, sets guidelines to insure the process against exogenous shocks, and increases the number of actors taking part in conflict management. Comparing the recent peace negotiations to end intrastate wars in Colombia and Turkey, this article argues that a legalized, public, and inclusive framework made a peace agreement possible in Colombia, while the lack of such a framework caused Turkey's peace talks to fail.     

基于信息不对称的政策执行分析

政策执行问题一直困扰着政策制定者,在影响政策执行的众多因素中,信息不对称无疑是不可忽视的因素之一,它通常干扰着政策的顺利执行,对这种干扰的认识将有助于我们提前采取若干措施来抑制信息不对称产生的种种不利影响。     

信息经济学视角下的商标制度

为克服信息不对称对交易的负面影响,人们采取了信息、信誉与法律三种应对机制。无论何种机制,其作用的充分发挥都有赖于法律制度的有效保障。在信息经济学语境下,商标的功能就在于标示和区分商品出处,在降低信息成本的同时,激励企业保证商品质量,但激励不等于义务,企业并不因为使用商标而承担额外的品质保证义务。而商标法则通过规定商标确权条件、制止混淆和淡化,确保市场上商标的相互区分,为信息与信誉机制的建立和运行提供法律保障。尽管如此,离开相关法律的协同作用,商标法也难以有效运行。这就决定了只有合理划分商标法与相关法律的调整对象与适用边界,才能完善我国商标法乃至整个市场法制。     

美国的“网络自由”战略及其对策

为了操控国际互联网政治传播，关国政府制定和执行一整套“网络自由”战略。所谓的关式“网络自由”是美国国家利益的网络延伸，是美式民主、人权和美国霸权主义在虚拟世界的扩张和体现。美国的“网络自由”战略由理念输出、资金支持、技术研发和组织运作等几个方面构成。要深入揭示美式“网络自由”的虚伪和危害，加强应对美式“网络自由”的综合能力，不断提升对互联网和虚拟社会的管理水平。     

Negotiating the Marcellus: The Role of Information in Building Trust in Extractive Deals

New technology has expanded the opportunities for energy companies within the United States, often bringing them into populated communities and requiring them to negotiate deals with landowners. This case study focuses on how one group of landowners in northeastern Pennsylvania creatively reimagined the process of negotiating in a natural gas deal. They used collective bargaining for leverage, and the Internet and social media to level the informational playing field. These techniques allowed them to develop trust within the group and ultimately with one company, as they sought to protect their environment and enhance their financial gain.     

新加坡政府网络信息传播平台建设的策略与启示

新加坡政府在信息化方面的战略规划由来已久,目前正在实施的智慧国2015计划更是政府重视信息化平台建设的体现。新加坡政府网络信息平台建设的成就得益于以公众需求为中心的理念,全面、开放、双向的公共服务平台,多个部门、一个政府的资源整合策略和优化政府信息化传播生态的管理机制。新加坡的经验给我们许多启示:提高政府信息传播平台的开放性和服务意识;建立双向沟通机制,提供公众参与的渠道;整合政府和社会资源,提高部门协调能力;建立强有力的组织领导和管理体系。