行政过程中的民事纠纷解决机制研究

为推介中国人民大学法学院博士培养成果,搭建论文品评乃至学术评价之平台,《法学家》专辟"博文精萃"一栏。该栏目由两部分组成:其一是"论文要旨",由博文作者对其博文进行全面系统而重点突出的介绍,一般宜包括如下要素:博文的体系架构;博文每章节的主要内容;博文的主要特点;博文的主要创新和不足;博文所研究领域的课题展望。其二是"论文评议",可以是答辩委员会的论文审查意见,或者评审专家的点评,具体宜包括如下要素:对论文的总体评价;对论文的体系及各章节的评价;对论文创新的评价;指出论文的不足以及进一步完善的方向。敬请关注并提出宝贵建议。     

中国传统民本思想的发展历程与历史归宿

中国传统民本思想经历了孕育与萌芽、形成与理论概括、发展与完善、成熟与蜕变、转换与质变几个历史阶段,最终与现代民主思想贯通起来,成为现代民主思想发生发展的重要资料。经过马克思主义的改造,传统民本思想超越了其历史局限性与阶级局限性,转换成现代意义上的民本思想,并成为马克思主义群众史观重要的历史基础与文化基础。     

鉴定资料收集之法律控制研究

随着我国法制的健全和人权保障意识的增强,鉴定资料收集过程的控制问题已经引起理论界的关注。总体来看,我国比较注重鉴定的结果价值,即获取鉴定结论,这就使得制度设计上偏重于如何有效地运用鉴定结论,而忽视了对于鉴定资料收集过程的法律控制。与此相对的是,各国立法都对鉴定资料的收集过程作出法律规制。对鉴定资料收集过程予以完善的法律规制,有助于司法鉴定质量的提高,同时也是正确认定案件事实的保障。     

学术不端行为规制的正当程序

学术不端行为规制涉及重要的个人基本权利。美国法院运用正当程序条款,针对学术不端行为案件确立了司法审查标准,防止任意的和错误的剥夺个人自由和财产。该司法标准强调程序性正当程序的适用,不仅保护了个人的基本权利,也规范了学术机构在处理学术不端行为时的程序,促进了学术自由和学术繁荣,为我国规范学术不端行为提供了有益的参考。     

大数据时代网上银行的发展与应用研究

网上银行具有业务智能化,办事效率高等优势,近些年来在我国呈现出高速发展态势,不断冲击着传统银行业务。但也存在着业务流程个性化不够、数据共享和利用不足等问题。要积极利用大数据时代下云计算和行为分析进行大数据挖掘,整合重组、业务流程再造网上银行,以减少网上银行金融交易的成本和风险,扩大金融服务的范围,从而实现资本市场资源配置的优化。     

Digital Forensics as a Service: A game changer

How is it that digital investigators are always busy and still never have enough time to actually dig deep into digital evidence? In this paper we will explore the current implementation of the digital forensic process and analyze factors that impact the efficiency of this process. Next we explain how in the Netherlands a Digital Forensics as a Service implementation reduced case backlogs and freed up digital investigators to help detectives better understand the digital material.     

正交试验优化霍山米斛总多糖提取工艺

目的 建立霍山米斛总多糖的最佳提取工艺。方法 依据2015年版《中华人民共和国药典》第一部中铁皮石斛多糖测定方法,通过单因素考察及正交试验研究提取温度、提取次数、提取时间、料液比对霍山米斛总多糖提取率的影响,采用苯酚-硫酸法测定其多糖含量。结果 霍山米斛的最佳提取工艺为：提取温度为100 ℃,提取2次,每次提取2 h,料液比为1∶800(g/mL)。结论 所优选的工艺简单、方便、准确,适用于霍山米斛总多糖的提取。     

美国福利行政正当程序模式研究

美国福利行政正当程序模式经历了法定权利模式向授权合同模式的转变。在法定权利模式下,福利是一项新财产权,因而直接获得宪法中正当程序条款的保护。授权合同模式源于1996年福利改革法案,该法案否定了福利的法定权利属性,并要求福利领受人与获得授权的地方政府签订公共救助合同,通过履行一定的义务来获得政府福利。通过授权合同的签署,部分州对福利领受人的程序保护有了新发展。比较而言,司法机关在法定权利模式中处于主导地位,立法机关则在授权合同模式中处于主导地位。美国福利行政正当程序模式的发展,对我国的服务型政府建设具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Process choice

Regulation scholars have long searched for the best tools to use to achieve public policy goals, generating an extensive body of research on what has become known as instrument choice. By contrast, analysis of options for structuring how officials make regulatory decisions – process choice – remains in relative infancy. Notwithstanding the emphasis legal scholars and political economists have placed on administrative procedures, surprisingly little research has investigated why regulators choose among different process options or what value they and the public receive from different choices. In their book, Regulation by Litigation, Andrew Morriss, Bruce Yandle, and Andrew Dorchak make a significant contribution by empirically and normatively examining regulators' choices between notice‐and‐comment rulemaking, negotiated rulemaking, and what they call “regulation by litigation.” This review article considers three central questions about regulation by litigation. First, how if at all does regulation by litigation differ from other uses of litigation to achieve policy goals? Second, why do regulators choose litigation over other process options? Third, is regulation by litigation as bad as Morriss, Yandle, and Dorchak say it is? By addressing these conceptual, empirical, and normative questions, this review article not only reveals the specific strengths and limitations of the book, Regulation by Litigation, but also highlights more general opportunities and challenges for future research on process choice.     

Gault's Promise Revisited: The Search For Due Process

Fifty years ago, due process was introduced into the juvenile courts, but today children still do not have the guiding hand of counsel at every stage of the proceedings. In assessing the pre‐Gault world, Chief Justice Fortas observed that “[a] child receives the worst of both worlds:…he gets neither the protections accorded to adults nor the solicitous care and regenerative treatment postulated for children.” 1 Fortas opined that “Then as now good will and compassion were admirably prevalent. But recent studies have entered with surprising unanimity, sharp dissent to the vitality of this gentle conception. They suggest that the appearance as well as the actuality of fairness‐ impartiality and orderliness‐ in short the essentials of due process may be a more therapeutic attitude so far as the juvenile is concerned.” 2 The prescience of his observation has found resonance and reinforcement with the 2013 publication of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach 3 which was commissioned by the Office of Juvenile Justice Delinquency and Prevention (OJJDP). Reforming Juvenile Justice's emphasis on encouraging not only the perception but the actuality of fairness in all domains 4 connects directly to the essence of Gault's message. “Treating youth fairly and ensuring that they perceive that have been treated fairly and with dignity contribute to positive outcomes in the normal processes of social learning, moral development, and legal socialization adolescence.” 5 The research also demonstrates that public health oriented alternatives to traditional court processing promote social connection and positive youth development. 6 The OJJDP report provides a road map for promoting positive youth development and social engagement by demonstrating that supporting such policies improves public safety outcomes by reducing recidivism. In exploring whether Gault's promise of due process has been realized or is still aspirational, this article suggests that our inquiry requires us to think contextually by considering how children and families are treated in and out of the courtroom. This entails consideration of educational, child welfare and mental health services, as well as the scope of legal entitlements. Equity and fundamental fairness, euphemisms for due process, are what will truly effectuate Gault's promise and should be the benchmark for all courts and systems that engage with children.