粮食产业支持保护对象的选择与主要思路

粮食是一个具有经济性质,又具有公共品性质的特殊商品。国家要保证粮食的经济安全、保证粮食生产者的利益,必须进行支持保护。支持保护的对象不能像过去一样进行“普惠式”的支持,也不能进行间接支持,而是进行区域性直接支持。对国家粮食主产区(或者国家粮食优势生产产业带)的生产者进行直接的补贴。     

Social Support Choices for Help with Abusive Relationships: Perceptions of African American Women

A recent national telephone study of the African American community found that over 90% of respondents would feel comfortable talking to a family member or friend who was being abused about the abuse, with the majority advising she get help from a domestic violence program. The purpose of this study was to understand how comfortable abused women would feel talking to members of her support system about the abuse and how comfortable women who have not experienced partner abuse would feel if they were abused. Over 70% of women who have experienced abuse reported at least some comfort getting assistance for abuse from a friend, clergy/spiritual leader, Black community member, family member their age, or physician. Women who reported never experiencing physical or sexual partner violence were less likely to perceive feeling comfortable getting assistance from their social support systems (both formal and informal) if they were abused. Implications of these findings are discussed.     

谈建立我国公益性诉讼制度的可行性

公益性诉讼是伴随着经济社会的进一步发展而出现的一种新类型诉讼。我国侵害社会公益的事件频发,但对于公益性诉讼制度法律却未确立。在司法实践当中,已有公益性诉讼出现,因缺乏相应的法律依据,法院难以对此种案件做出处理。而理论界对我国是否应当建立公益性诉讼制度意见不一。从公益性诉讼确立的法理基础、宪法依据和现实依据等三个方面,详细论证了我国建立公益性诉讼的可行性,明确提出了应当在我国建立公益性诉讼制度。     

关于建立中国证券二板市场的若干思考

二板市场是主板市场之外的市场 ,其设立的意义在于为具有高成长性的中小企业和高新技术企业提供集资途径 ;二板市场的建立需风险资本市场、保荐人制度、独立董事制度、信息披露制度、股权全流通制度等一系列相关制度的支持 ;目前我国建立二板市场存在若干公司法障碍     

NON–CHILD SUPPORT EXPENDITURES ON CHILDREN BY NONRESIDENTIAL DIVORCED FATHERS

Most states' child support guidelines adopt a "cliff" model in providing credits or adjustments for time spent in the nonresidential parent's home. Such guidelines implicitly or explicitly assume that no appreciable expenditures are made directly by obligors for child-rearing expenses at levels of contact or visitation beneath some threshold value, typically assumed to be around 30% time. As guideline developers are acutely aware, these assumptions have proceeded in the absence of any data. The present investigation sought to provide preliminary evidence of such expenditures by using the approach of getting information about the provision of certain benchmark items: clothes, toys and games, bicycles, a bedroom, and support for car-related expenses for teenage drivers. The authors generally found a linear, rather than a cliff-like, relationship of expenditures to time in the nonresidential father's home, with unexpectedly high levels of father's provision of these benchmark items even at quite low levels of contact. These findings support more generous and more continuous adjustments for visitation in child support schemes, to offset nonresidential parent's direct expenditures on children, which appear to be unexpectedly high and arise on a non-cliff-like pattern.     

DIVORCED PARENTS' FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THEIR CHILDREN'S COLLEGE EXPENSES

Reliable, quantitative, and current information is needed to inform the policy debate about whether parents, most commonly noncustodial parents, should be compelled to provide support for their children's higher education. We report data from a large study of the financial support college students reported receiving from their divorced mothers and fathers in a state where such payment is completely voluntary. Mothers' and fathers' financial resources did not differ greatly; when these were statistically controlled for, mothers and fathers contributed remarkably similar amounts of college support. Among other findings, fathers contributed more proportionately than mothers in families that had joint legal custody but less in sole maternal custody families. Our findings suggest policies that will likely encourage more voluntary support for higher education from divorced families.     

国家赔偿制度发展的宪法支撑研究

国家赔偿取得权、人权保障和政治文明分别是宪法支撑国家赔偿制度发展的“一体”和“两翼”。国家赔偿取得权是公民的基本权利,国家赔偿制度的发展应当以保障国家赔偿取得权为重点。第四次修宪特别突出的“人权保障”和“政治文明”分别对国家赔偿实体和程序制度的发展提供了宪法支撑,国家赔偿制度的修改必须体现这些宪法精神。     

Reengineering the Child Support Scheme: An Australian Perspective on the British Government's Proposals

After years of problems with the Child Support Scheme in Britain, the Government has decided to attempt reform again, less than four years after a previous major change was implemented in 2003. The author evaluates these reform proposals, drawing upon his experience in leading a recent major review of child support policy in Australia. While many of the reform measures offer a sensible way forward for child support policy, Britain risks going backwards in terms of community acceptance of the child support obligation. The Government needs to consider the likely impact of its policy settings on private agreements about child support. Ways are proposed both to protect the Treasury and to promote the wellbeing of children by adopting different policy settings that ensure the resident parent has an incentive to bargain for the level of child support required by the new formula. The new formula itself is evaluated in the light of the international research on the costs of children. Ways are also suggested for developing a co-ordinated approach across government to the provision of support services for parents who do not live together.     

社会支持与人格对大学生应对方式的影响

将横断研究与纵向研究相结合,对660名大学生进行了问卷调查,结果发现,社会支持和人格对同期和两年后应对方式均分别具有显著的独立主效应;高支持组"筹划行动"、"寻求支持"、"主动克制"显著高于低支持组,而"停滞放弃"则显著低于低支持组;同期及两年后应对方式的比较均发现,"开朗-果断"型人格者"筹划行动"、"寻求支持"等得分显著高于"拘谨-温和"型人格者,而"停滞放弃"等得分则显著低于后者;人格比社会支持对应对方式的影响力更持久.     

Australian Child Support Reforms: A Case Study of the Use of Microsimulation Modelling in the Policy Development Process

Child support is always a difficult area of public policy, balancing the sometimes competing needs of children, resident and non‐resident parents and the state. This article provides a relatively rare insight into some of the processes involved in developing the new Australian Child Support Scheme (CSS), which will commence full operation in July 2008. In particular, this article shows how microsimulation modelling was used by the Ministerial Taskforce on Child Support and the government in the policy reform process. The availability of such sophisticated distributional analysis and modelling allowed the development of a comprehensive picture of how the reforms would affect CSS clients, thereby facilitating the adoption of major policy change. This article also provides a blueprint for policy‐makers of how modelling can facilitate their policy development processes.