论辩诉交易对反贪工作之借鉴

在贪污贿赂等职务犯罪案件的侦查起诉工作中引入辩诉交易制度,可以加大反贪力度,达到遏制和预防腐败的目的。首先是辩诉交易的概念与特征;其次,引入辩诉交易可以从体现司法公正性、完善司法豁免体系和提高司法效益;最后是引入辩诉交易后的司法上如何运作及应遵循的主要原则。     

股权分置改革中的行政授予与补偿协商:公法与私法的融合

中国的股权分置改革一方面要使非流通股股东取得流通权,另一方面也要让流通股股东获得合理补偿以求改革能够稳定推进。传统观点下的契约理论和行政征收理论均不能适切解释中国的股权分置改革方案。在公、私法融合背景下,美国学者新近提出的行政授予(regulatory givings)学说,可与大陆法上的行政行为附款理论相互协力,为股权分置改革方案提供正当性基础。应须指出,中国的改革方案通过非流通股股东和流通股股东协商的方式进行估价和实现补偿,采用财产法则而非补偿法则保障流通股股东的权益,实属符合经济效率之举。然而,本方案仍有诸多值得改进之处。     

Implicit Consitutional Change-Changing the Meaning of the Constitution Without Changing the Text of the Document

Constitutional change is often thought of as explicit constitutional change, i.e., as change that implies a modified wording of the constitutional document. In this paper, the possibilities of implicit constitutional change, i.e., change that is not accompanied by formally changing the constitution, are analyzed. The separation of powers a la Montesquieu is taken as a starting point and it will be argued that constitutional change can be brought about by all government branches, i.e., by the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary. If this argument is accepted it follows that the judiciary-even when endowed with the competence of judicial review-is not the ultimate arbiter in supervising constitutional change. It is the main hypothesis of this paper that the judiciary in bringing about implicit constitutional change is subject to a number of constraints among which the original document plays a rather marginal role. Instead, it is claimed that the current preferences of the other government organs as well as those of the population are more relevant in ascertaining the meaning of the constitution at a given point in time.     

中国企业工资集体协商制度研究

工资作为劳动者收入的主要来源，它不仅影响着劳动者的生活质量，还影响着劳动者的生产积极性，影响着劳动生产率的高低，影响着劳动关系的稳定，也影响着国家经济结构的调整和经济发展方向。企业工资集体协商制度是市场经济条件下，实现工资宏观调控、建立企业工资分配共决机制、工资正常增长机制和工资支付保障机制的重要内容和措施。同时，它也是体现社会公平，实现在共建中共享，在共享中共建，让广大人民共享改革发展成果的一项有效途径。     

Wage differentials and social comparison: An experimental study of interrelated ultimatum bargaining

Equal pay for equal work is discussed in many different legal and political contexts. Our study explores one consequence of this formula, the effect of social comparison for wage acceptance, in multilateral ultimatum games. The results of our laboratory experiments indicate that the availability of information concerning ultimatum offers to other responders influences acceptance behavior even if responders have differing outside options. Particularly, behavior is only partly influenced by self-regarding social comparison; that is, the probability of acceptance decreases significantly for offers that put responders at a substantial disadvantage compared with others. On the contrary, responders are also partly concerned about unfavorable discrimination against others. However, we find that in our setting, i.e. in a setting where the wage offer relation is endogenously chosen, a slightly unequal relation maximizes the joint acceptance frequency for both responders.     

辩诉交易中的检察权基础

辩诉交易制度在美国经历了百余年的发展,形成了一整套行之有效的司法制度体系。该文认为,辩诉交易在美国绝非是检察官和辩护律师之间的讨价还价,但检察官和辩护律师之间的交易是辩诉交易的核心环节,而此时检察官手中的权力对辩诉交易的形成和发展则有着决定性的影响。     

"集体协商"与"集体合同"词义辩

从中国集体合同制度创建以来的实践看,所谓的集体合同实质上是集体协议.协议与合同属于可以分清的两个概念.一般情况下,协议多数是没有法律强制力的,而合同多数是有法律上的强制执行力.劳动法领域中的"集体合同"是中国特色制度,这一用词并不科学,甚至产生负面影响.     

我国集体谈判法律制度构建障碍及克服设想

市场经济国家一直将集体谈判视为协调与处理劳资关系的重要方式与手段。在社会主义市场经济体制建立过程当中,我国劳资纠纷逐年上升,各种各样的群体性事件不断出现,协调集体劳动关系显得尤为重要,而集体谈判制度在规范与协调集体劳动关系方面的作用随之凸现出来。本文从集体谈判和集体谈判权的基本含义入手,对构建我国集体谈判法律制度的障碍进行分析,并提出构建我国集体谈判法律制度的几点设想。     

试析“辩诉交易”的运作条件

"辩诉交易"作为一种日趋普适的制度现象已引起我国学术界与司法实践部门的广泛关注.就移植"辩诉交易"制度所必须关注的外围层问题,即支持其正当运作的观念条件和制度条件.观念条件包括协商观念和人文观念;制度条件包括控方自由裁量权的扩大和检察官素质的提高,赋予被告人沉默权、确立非法证据排除规则、侦查警察与看守警察分离、加强律师的诉讼参与、建立证据开示制度以及审方中立的要求.     

当前我国有限责任公司发展对法定资本制的依赖

我国目前正处于转型期,社会信用短缺。在此情境下,若法定资本制缺位,则由于其具有使投资者以有限责任公司为交易欺诈工具的诱因,故极可能导致有限公司整体信用趋劣。倘如此,则其潜在交易者的交易热情会因其对前者所产生的预期利益减少而下挫,这无疑将制约前者的发展;而若法定资本制严格施行,则能使上述情形得到相当改观。这凸显出当前我国有限公司的发展对法定资本制的依赖。因此,宜对其加以完善而不是以授权资本制或折衷资本制取而代之。