辩诉交易中国化的可行性分析

辨诉交易制度是起源于关国的一项刑事司法制度,现已为许多国家所采用。辩诉交易的积极作用日益彰显,而在我国设立辩诉交易程序也是具有可行性的。不论从价值上还是有文化根源的角度分析,在我国引入辩诉交易都具有必性。     

工会破解推行工资集体协商难题的路径

我国工资集体协商制度经过十几年实践,已形成基本框架与思路,但相关立法条件、社会环境及协商制度本身仍存在许多制约因素,影响着该制度的有效运行。工会应认真分析其原因,找出症结和解决方法,以进一步发挥工资集体协商在协调劳动关系中的作用。     

Bargaining When the Future of an Industry Is at Stake: Lessons from UAW–Ford Collective Bargaining Negotiations

The 2007 American automobile industry labor negotiations involved fundamental challenges for labor and management, including a historic shift of responsibility in the management of retiree health care, a need for new approaches to core employment security issues, identification of ways to create new unionized jobs in the industry, and a joint commitment to the competitive viability of U.S. operations. Less visible, but no less important in the United Auto Workers–Ford case, has been unprecedented levels of information sharing and unique innovations in the bargaining process designed to enable problem solving even when tough issues were on the table. More than 300 people were directly involved in the negotiations, serving at the main table and on twenty‐four subcommittees. This case study covers the context for the negotiations, key events leading up to the bargaining, a unique process of “bargaining over how to bargain,” the actual negotiation process, and the results achieved. Implications are generalizable to the broader concept of pattern bargaining and many other types of negotiations when transformation is on the table.     

《天津市企业工资集体协商条例》探析

《天津市企业工资集体协商条例》从立法层次看,属地方性法规,具有规范性、普遍性和强制性的特征。其颁布实施,健全了我市劳动工资法律制度,对构建和谐劳动关系意义重大。但其中尚有一些问题值得作进一步的探讨。     

金融危机背景下开展工资集体协商的方式与对策

现阶段大力开展工资集体协商,不仅有利于维护广大职工的切身利益,而且有利于帮助企业走出困境、促进劳动关系的和谐稳定和增强企业竞争力。工会参与工资集体协商,应讲究一定方法和策略,把握好企业长远利益与职工的具体利益的结合点,积极建立劳资双方平等协商决定工资分配的新机制。     

Online Dispute Resolution and Bargaining

The automated negotiation process seems to be a powerful mechanism to resolve disputes arising from Internet-based transactions. Automated negotiation is an online blind-bidding process in which an automated algorithm evaluates bids from the parties and settles the case if the offers are within a prescribed range. Following the arguments of the dispute resolution professionals, the main advantage of this procedure is to promote natural agreements by restoring the parties' right to negotiate on their own, without the presence of a third party in the shadow of negotiations. Our purpose is to investigate this issue by modelling the automated negotiation process as a two-person bargaining game under incomplete information. A first result states that, given incomplete information, not all mutually beneficial agreements can be attained via the procedure. Furthermore, the settlement rule has a drastic effect on the players' strategies, which induces that the automated negotiation process does not significantly increase the likelihood of a settlement. The ability of the procedure to generate efficiency is only due to the costs imposed on parties if a disagreement occurs, that is the combination of players' risk aversion and uncertainty.     

论辩诉交易制度在我国的适用

辩诉交易制度是美国刑事司法所特有的,是英美等国家处理大量刑事案件,提高诉讼效率的一项重要制度。分析辩诉交易制度的理论基础和适用条件,有利于讨论辩诉交易制度在我国适用的可行性,提出构建我国辩诉交易制度的思路。     

Reversed Solidarity in Pension Plans

There is a unexpected phenomenon in the majority of complementary pension plans in the Netherlands. Unlike other arrangements that are the result of collective bargaining and decision making, these pension plans increase the inequality in the distribution of (lifetime) income. In those plans, persons without a career contribute to the payment of pension provisions of those with a career. Generally speaking, this implies that blue-collar workers and women pay for the pensions of white-collar workers, who are mostly men. For some of the contracting parties, the terms of the pension contract seem to be disadvantageous and suboptimal. The question arises as to why these contracts are being concluded and how they can survive in a competitive environment. Moreover, since the pension plans are the result of collective bargaining between the organisation of employers and the labour unions, the question arises as to how reversed solidarity fits the alleged redistributive goal of the labour unions. The analysis leads to the following conclusions. Firstly, that information and transaction cost, collective agreements, legal barriers and market failures on substitute arrangements prevent the conclusion of optimal contracts. Secondly, employers would find the pension plan attractive because it discourages shirking, enhances productivity and the process of job matching and reduces labour turnover. Thirdly, a pension plan based on final salary is in the interest of the median voter in the labour union, who is older and earns a higher seniority wage than junior workers. Furthermore, in the given circumstances the pension plan enlarges union membership and the dues income of the union and endows the union leadership with more prestige and influence. Individual union members would not oppose such a pension plan for reasons of informational asymmetry, transaction cost and the inability to capture the full benefits of their actions.A comparison of the pension schemes of Belgium, Germany, France and the UK shows that there are large differences in the structure and content of retirement provisions. Reversed solidarity may also be part of the pension plans in Belgium and the UK.