论婚姻忠诚协议之法律效力——与梁慧星教授商榷

近年来,有关＂夫妻忠诚协议＂法律效力的认定问题成为学界新的讨论热点,我国法院在实践中做法的差异很大。从法律适用逻辑的角度来看,婚姻作为一种制度化的特殊法律行为,不能比照适用一般法律行为规则或契约规则。＂夫妻忠诚协议＂并没有得到现行实定法的认可,故不具有法律效力。而违反婚姻忠实义务应负侵权责任,双方通过协议约定损害赔偿数额的行为不合法。进而,从法社会学层面来检视现行法规定,此类协议的有效性有违现代法律精神,缺乏正当性依据。     

Family Ties: The Political Genealogy of Shining Path's Comrade Norah

Family was central to the political life of Augusta La Torre (or Comrade Norah), the second‐in‐command of the Peruvian Communist Party‐Shining Path (PCP‐SL). La Torre was the daughter of a Communist Party militant and the granddaughter of a prominent provincial political figure. She was also the wife of Shining Path founder Abimael Guzmán. La Torre's familial history demonstrates the importance of parental and grandparental contributions to Senderistas' political formation, and suggests that parents and children were sometimes united in their support for the Shining Path. La Torre's family ties, however, have also led numerous observers to question her revolutionary credentials.     

印度尼西亚伊斯兰教政党的崛起及其发展前景

伊斯兰教政党的崛起是后苏哈托时代印度尼西亚政局出现的重要变化之一,标志着印尼政党制度进一步走向完善和成熟。但由于历史和现实种种因素的影响,在未来短时间内伊斯兰教政党还不太可能在该国政治舞台上发挥主导作用。本文分析了印尼伊斯兰教政党的发展历程和未来前景,对其在印尼政治民主化进程中的影响和作用进行了初步探讨。     

Research on Marx and Engels＇ thoughts of marriage and family norms

马克思恩格斯的婚姻家庭规范思想建立在科学的唯物史观的理论基础之上，认为婚姻家庭规范与社会经济发展相适应，它们会随着社会经济结构的变化而变化。婚姻家庭规范的制订以尊重自然规律和社会规律为前提，同时又体现出人的主观意志。资本主义社会的婚姻家庭规范是对婚姻自由的桎梏，而社会主义公有制的经济之下的婚姻家庭规范才是真正体现和保障婚姻自由的合理的好的规范。     

《婚姻法》第 17 条第 4 项立法之商榷———兼论婚后继承或受赠财产的权利属性

《婚姻法》第 17 条第 4 项关于婚后继承或受赠财产原则上为夫妻共同财产的规定，引发了立法、司法和社会生活中的诸多问题。从共同财产认定的法理基础、该条与《婚姻法》第 18 条第 3 项之间的法律困惑、法律在本土化过程中出现的错误、该条存在的法律漏洞以及与相关法律的冲突等角度进行分析，提出废除该条款的立法建议。     

论涉外婚姻关系的法律适用——兼评《涉外民事关系法律适用法》的相关规定

2010年10月28日通过的《涉外民事关系法律适用法》,于2011年4月1日起开始施行。在该法颁布实施之前,我国涉外婚姻家庭案件适用的法律主要是我国《民法通则》第八章:涉外民事关系的法律适用。该法实施之后,我国涉外婚姻家庭案件将以该法为基本的依据。因此,该法的实施,对我国涉外婚姻家庭案件的处理具有重大理论和实践意义。     

浅析婚内强迫性行为的法律规制

对婚内强迫性行为是否应予法律规制，特别是按婚内强奸罪定罪处罚，一直是近年来国内学界争论较多的话题。婚内强奸作为家庭暴力行为的一种主要表现形式，对女性人权，特别是人格尊严和性自由的侵害是不言而喻的。本文从婚内强迫性行为的社会危害性和国外对该行为予以犯罪化处理的趋势出发，提出对婚内强迫性行为应予以法律规制，并宜单独定罪处罚。     

Coercion, Consent and the Forced Marriage Debate in the UK

An examination of case law on forced marriage reveals that in addition to physical force, the role of emotional pressure is now taken into consideration. However, in both legal and policy discourse, the difference between arranged and forced marriage continues to be framed in binary terms and hinges on the concept of consent: the context in which consent is constructed largely remains unexplored. By examining the socio-cultural construction of personhood, especially womanhood, and the intersecting structural inequalities that constrain particular groups of South Asian women in the UK, we argue that consent and coercion in relation to marriage can be better understood as two ends of a continuum, between which lie degrees of socio-cultural expectation, control, persuasion, pressure, threat and force. Women who face these constraints exercise their agency in complex and contradictory ways that are not always recognised by the existing exit-centred state initiatives designed to tackle this problem.

宗法宗族制度下明清时期的妇女婚姻生活

明清时期,宗法宗族制度对妇女婚姻生活的消极作用比较大,主要在婚前剥夺女子受教育权利;婚约的缔结主要从宗族利益考虑;婚后生活受到夫权、族权的严格控制;强迫妇女守节等方面有所表现.积极作用主要表现为提倡男婚女嫁轻钱财,重人品;反对索取重聘厚奁,嫌贫易富,操办奢靡,讲求排场等陋俗;严禁溺杀女婴.     

Al-Qaeda’s Propaganda Decoded: A Psycholinguistic System for Detecting Variations in Terrorism Ideology

We describe a novel hybrid method of content analysis that combines the speed of computerized text analysis with the contextual sensitivity of human raters, and apply it to speeches that were given by major leaders of Al-Qaeda (AQ)—both in its “core” Afghanistan/Pakistan region and its affiliate group in Iraq. The proposed “Ideology Extraction using Linguistic Extremization” (IELEX) categorization method has acceptable levels of inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities. The method uncovered subtle (and potentially non-conscious) differences in the emphases that Usama Bin Laden and Ayman Al-Zawahiri put on the various components of their ideological justification for terrorism. We show how these differences were independently recognized as the crux of the rift in AQ, based on documents that were confiscated in Abbottabad following Usama Bin Laden’s assassination. Additionally, several of the ideological discrepancies that we detected between AQ “core” and its Iraqi affiliate correspond to schisms that presumably led to the splintering of AQ Iraq and the rise of ISIS. We discuss IELEX’s capability to quantify a variety of grievance-based terrorist ideologies, along with its use towards more focused and efficient counter-terrorism and counter-messaging policies.