Why accommodate minorities asymmetrically? A theory of ideological authority insulation

Tensions between regionalist claimants and state-wide governments remain the primary source of violent conflicts. Existing theories cannot systematically explain why and when state-wide governments accede to such claims. Building on the partisan approaches developed so far, a theory of ideological authority insulation is constructed in this article. It is argued that the willingness of state-wide parties to transfer authority to specific territorial entities is predominantly informed by ideological proximity to those entities. In a nutshell, the dominant conflict dimension in a country superimposes partisan rationales on the territorial dimension. A new dataset has been compiled with roughly 4,300 region-cabinet dyads between 1945 and 2015, including electoral data, party positions and regional ‘centres of gravity’. Using panel rare-events regressions, it is found that ideological proximity systematically explains the accommodation of minority demand controlling for alternative explanations from the partisan and ethnic conflict literature. The empirical evidence therefore supports adding ideological insulation and superimposition to the toolbox of partisan and conflict researchers. Additionally, the findings encourage the application of arguments from the conflict literature in established democracies and the testing of insights from partisan researchers in less democratic environments.     

Global populism and its 1890s Southern United States antecedent: the vexing case of Thomas E. Watson and William Faulkner’s literary intervention

ABSTRACT

Contemporary global populism combines systemic critique of power inequities with a politics of resentment. This conjunction under conditions of modernity gives rise to populisms whose twenty-first-century manifestations markedly exhibit features of Southern variants of the 1890s populism that briefly convulsed United States politics. Volatile mixtures of systemic critique and resentment politics, of progressive and proto-fascist tendencies, are vividly illustrated in the career of Thomas E. Watson (1856–1922), a prominent Georgia lawyer and politician whose populist rhetoric moved from advocating racially inclusive class solidarity to embracing virulent racist nativism. This trajectory, revelatory of susceptibilities to nativist authoritarianism also prominent in many currents of contemporary global populist politics, raises the question of whether and how literary art and humanities scholarship might work to disentangle justified revolt from reactionary resentments. William Faulkner’s Go Down, Moses (1942) and The Hamlet (1940) offer diverse models of such efforts.     

我国社会保障制度的发展——以权利政治与公益政治的时代变迁为视角

在权利政治、公益政治的时代变迁中,社会保障不仅仅作为社会的"安全网"与再分配调节器,还具有重要的政治意义。我国社会保障制度的发展顺应了时代要求,在维护与实现公民权利、提高社会共同体福利、增进"公共的善"、促进人权发展等方面发挥了重要的作用,并进一步推动了权利政治与公益政治的时代发展。     

当代菲律宾家族政治与女性权力政治参与的关系

当代菲律宾女性权力参与程度很高,而且有自己的特色,即不仅女议员、女总统、女部长比例较高,而且政治家的妻女也拥有较大权力,其女性权力参与可分为正式权力参与和非正式权力参与,两者都有合法的渠道和机制。菲律宾女性权力参与又与家族政治密切相关,在缺乏民主的威权时期,女性更多是以非正式的方式参与权力政治,主要起辅助、补充、配合的角色。在民主转型时代,民主选举加上家族政治,大大促进了政治家族的女性参与正式权力领域。但是,家族政治本身就是与民主政治相对立的,实际上,家族政治是菲律宾政治发展的一个毒瘤,阻碍了菲律宾民主政治的成熟,也降低了普通公民,尤其是普通妇女群体参与权力政治的可能性,最终阻碍了女性政治参与的进一步提升。     

武装力量与建国大业——首届全国政协中的军队代表及其政治影响

“人民政协为新中国的建立做出了重大贡献。”人民军队也为人民政协的召开和新中国的成立做出了重大贡献。解放军是新政治协商会议的筹备者,也是第一届全国政协会议的重要组织者和参与者。新政治协商会议筹备会由23个单位共134人组成,解放军是筹委会委员最多的单位之一。第一届政协代表中不仅有一批威名远扬的著名将帅,也有很多可歌可泣的战斗英雄,解放军代表也是第一届全国政协会议中的大明星。在首届政协代表中,还有一批引人注目的“特殊”代表,即来自国民党军队的起义或投诚人员。第一届全国政协会议中大量军人代表的存在,在一定程度上明确展示和充分表明了武装力量在新中国政权建设中的重要地位和积极作用。     

试论江泽民的治警思想

江泽民的治警思想是在我国建立社会主义市场经济体制、改革开放向全面纵深发展的过程中逐渐形成的。他要求整个公安工作都要“讲政治、讲法制、讲服务”；要求队伍建设要“从严治警，依法治警”：要求公安机关和公安民警在执法活动中必须“严格执法，热情服务”。     

艺术、真理与政治——艺术终结论批判

艺术终结论者注意到了现代艺术大众化、通俗化的一面,并把它视为艺术衰退的标志,然而,他们忽视了现代艺术的多样性,因而无视艺术繁荣发展的事实而得出了艺术衰亡的结论。艺术终结论者认为,市场经济是艺术衰亡的元凶。其实,艺术终结论的出现更有其哲学基础,艺术终结论者视艺术为实在世界的模仿与影射,并将艺术视为通向解放的真理之途。正是对艺术真理性和教育性的过于强调,导致了"艺术衰亡论"的产生。     

Indigeneity in the Air: The Case of Chinchero Airport in Cusco,Peru

This article problematises ‘indigeneity’ by looking at the various disruptions, conflicts and fractures that the recent sale of the land for the construction of the new Cusco international airport in Chinchero, Peru, has triggered locally. In addition to examining the erosion of the peasant community model that emerged from the 1969 agrarian reform, it explores the formation of new social groupings in a context of tourism and neoliberal development. The discussion highlights the role of tourism-related, large-scale infrastructure in the production of new identity politics that challenges fixed and preconceived ideas about ‘the indigenous’ in the Andes.     

女性政治学研究综述:基于国内硕博学位论文的分析(2006-2015年)

2006-2015年,以女性政治学为选题的硕士、博士学位论文的数量保持总体增长态势,学位授予院校、研究机构地域分布广泛;学位论文选题丰富、研究方法多样、跨学科性强,但论文质量参差不齐,博士学位论文明显优于硕士学位论文;论文选题焦点相对集中,妇女参政、妇女组织问题备受青睐,而女性主义政治哲学、女性主义政治理论及女性主义国际关系等领域的研究仍不充分。鉴此,需要提高硕士、博士研究生的问题意识、前沿意识和"合一"意识;鼓励和推动青年学子从事女性政治学及相关跨学科研究,提高其研究兴趣与学术水平。     

The politics of culture and the space for Islam: Soviet and post-Soviet imaginaries in Uzbekistan

This article examines how possibilities for Muslim expression were and are shaped by the political imaginaries in Soviet-era and independent Uzbekistan. It develops the concept of social ‘imaginary’ in Charles Taylor's critique of Western secular modernity. Political imaginaries are the assumptions about the nature of being, the essential categories through which the world is understood and acted upon, that are produced within dominant state discourses and that shape the space for the political. The article compares the Soviet vision of socialist modernity and the logic of the current state ideology in independent Uzbekistan, and discusses how these have framed the possibilities for being Muslim. It argues that the category of culture is produced in distinct and contrasting ways in these imaginaries, and plays a central role in delineating the public space for Islam.