Detection of genotype recycling fraud in U.S. immigrants

Abstract: Relationship testing laboratories provide genetic evidence to support or refute claims of kinship between U.S. citizen petitioners and potential immigrant beneficiaries. One female beneficiary presented a male amelogenin type and alleles at 15 autosomal loci that were identical to an alleged brother’s. Laboratory records showed that her alleged father had petitioned to have 15 children emigrate from Ghana. The petitioner’s 15 paternity indices exceeded 10⁵, but the children shared only four short tandem repeat (STR) profiles, suggesting fraudulent reuse of genotypes in this alleged pedigree (AP). To determine the extent of this “genotype recycling,” I examined the laboratory’s 555 APs from Ghana and 532 control APs from Nigeria. Seventeen Ghanaian APs (3.1%) but no Nigerian APs showed genotype recycling. Of 90 tested people in the 17 APs, 56 shared identical STR profiles with others in their AP. Of these 56 people, 10 were petitioners with unexpectedly high parentage indices. Seven of 56 had amelogenin types that disagreed with their declared genders. Database searches for identical multilocus genotypes in allegedly different people would best detect this fraud.     

应用mtDNA16S rRNA基因测序鉴定肉产品种属

目的 应用mtDNA 16S rRNA基因测序方法进行肉产品种属鉴定.方法 15份有关部门送检的未知动物肌肉样本,3份市购猪、牛和羊的肌肉为对照样本.常规酚-氯仿法提取模板DNA,分别用通用引物和特异性引物扩增mtDNA的16S rRNA基因片段,产物用1.5％琼脂糖电泳检测,扩增的基因片段由上海生物工程公司进行序列测...     

Concordance study between the AmpFlSTR MiniFiler PCR amplification kit and conventional STR typing kits

The AmpFlSTR MiniFiler polymerase chain reaction amplification kit developed by Applied Biosystems enables size reduction on eight of the larger STR loci amplified in the Identifiler kit, which will aid recovery of information from highly degraded DNA samples. The MiniFiler Kit amplifies CSF1PO, FGA, D2S1338, D7S820, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, and D21S11 as well as the sex-typing locus amelogenin. A total of 1308 samples were evaluated with both the MiniFiler and Identifiler STR kits: 449 African American, 445 Caucasian, 207 Hispanic, and 207 Asian individuals. Full concordance between Identifiler and MiniFiler Kits was observed in 99.7% (10,437 out of 10,464) STR allele calls compared. The 27 differences seen are listed in Table 1 and encompass the loci D13S317 (n = 14) and D16S539 (n = 10) as well as D18S51 (n = 1), D7S820 (n = 1), and CSF1PO (n = 1). Genotyping discrepancies between the Identifiler and MiniFiler kits were confirmed by reamplification of the samples and further testing using the PowerPlex 16 kit in many cases. DNA sequence analysis was also performed in order to understand the nature of the genetic variations causing the allele dropout or apparent repeat unit shift.     

Developmental validation of reduced-size STR Miniplex primer sets

This paper describes a developmental validation study of three Miniplex sets covering 12 of the 13 CODIS loci. As these new sets will be used for the analysis of degraded and low level DNA, the validation studies were performed using 100-125 pg of DNA, the lowest input level at which peak balance, peak intensity, and allele consistency were stable. To demonstrate the applicability of the Miniplex sets to forensic casework, these validation studies were completed in accordance with the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM). A range of tests were performed including studies of concordance with standard multiplex kits, sensitivity and reproducibility, and PCR amplification conditions. Additionally, studies of mixtures, nonhuman and environmentally degraded DNA, and simulated forensic samples were performed. Our results demonstrate that Miniplex STR amplification procedures are a robust and sensitive tool for the analysis of degraded DNA.     

司法警察支队长人格特征调查分析

采用卡特尔16项人格因素问卷(16PF)对202名司法警察支队长作测量,结果显示:司法警察支队长的人格特征较为优良;心理健康的平均得分高于常模均值;专业有成就的平均得分高于常模均值,其中得高分的占10.8%;创造力高分占12.4%;新环境成长能力平均得分略低于常模均值,成长能力高分占6.2%。这些结果表明,司法警察支队长总体的心理素质较为良好。     

坚持中国特色社会主义工会发展道路的成就与经验

中国工会十四大以来,坚持走中国特色社会主义工会发展道路,彰显工人阶级主力军姿态,壮大工会组织、构建和谐劳动关系、提升职工素质、维护职工权益、切实服务职工,成就凸显。积累了宝贵的经验,坚定了工会发展道路的自信,在党的坚强领导下,发展工人阶级先进性,围绕中心、服务大局,以职工为本,主动依法维权。展望中国工会第十六次全国代表大会,为实现"中国梦"充满期待。     

贯彻党的十六大精神推动工会理论创新

江泽民在党的十六大所做报告,是一篇马克思主义的纲领性文献,是党在新世纪新阶段的政治宣言和行动纲领.深入学习和贯彻十六大精神,对于适应新形势、新任务,全面推动工会理论创新具有非常重大的指导意义,同时对于推动学院的改革发展也具有重要的现实指导意义.