一六大以来党内民主制度发展历程及经验总结——基于党章修改的视角

党内民主是党的生命，党内民主从根本上讲是制度民主，也即党的代表大会制度、党的委员会制度、党内监督制度、党内选举制度、党员权利保障制度的发展完善。党章是党的根本大法，其修改过程必然呈现出党内民主的发展历程。十六大以来党内民主建设进入新阶段，发掘这一阶段党内民主建设规律可以总结如下三点经验：程序细化使民主制度成为现实，形式创新为民主发展增添活力，循序渐进确保民主建设有序推进。     

Werbungskosten ab Vermietungsabsicht (auch bei ursprünglich selbst bewohnter und noch leerstehender Wohnung)

Ist der endgültige Entschluss, eine Wohnung zu vermieten durch ernste und nachhaltige Vermietungsbemühungen belegt, so liegen (vorab entstandene) Werbungskosten auch für die Zeit vor, in der die zun?chst selbst bewohnte Wohnung noch leer steht.     

Überdurchschnittlich großes Arbeitszimmer (ca 150 m<Superscript>2</Superscript>)

Der Einwand der Amtsbeschwerde, ein repr?sentatives Arbeitszimmer (Haush?lfte) im Ausma? von etwa 150m², das auch für Besprechungen verwendet wird, sei kein Arbeitszimmer, ist unberechtigt. Für die AfA ist beim Arbeitszimmer auf die tats?chliche Nutzungsdauer abzustellen. Die lit e (1,5% AfA) ist beim Arbeitszimmer unanwendbar, weil dieses nicht der Erzielung von Einkünften aus Vermietung und Verpachtung dient.     

The Effect of Medical Marijuana Laws on the Health and Labor Supply of Older Adults: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study

Older adults are at elevated risk of reducing labor supply due to poor health, partly because of high rates of symptoms that may be alleviated by medical marijuana. Yet, surprisingly little is known about how this group responds to medical marijuana laws (MMLs). We quantify the effects of state medical marijuana laws on the health and labor supply of adults age 51 and older, focusing on the 55 percent with one or more medical conditions with symptoms that may respond to medical marijuana. We use longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study to estimate event study and differences‐in‐differences regression models. Three principle findings emerge from our analysis. First, active state medical marijuana laws lead to lower pain and better self‐assessed health among older adults. Second, state medical marijuana laws lead to increases in older adult labor supply, with effects concentrated on the intensive margin. Third, the effects of MMLs are largest among older adults with a health condition that would qualify for legal medical marijuana use under current state laws. Findings highlight the role of health policy in supporting work among older adults and the importance of including older adults in assessments of state medical marijuana laws.     

The use of Hemastix® severely reduces DNA recovery using the BioRobot® EZ1

Abstract: The choice of reagents for presumptive tests for blood, and subsequent extraction methodologies, can significantly affect both the quantity and quality of purified DNA. Blood samples directly tested with Hemastix^® yielded <1% of the DNA recovered from untested samples when purified using the Qiagen BioRobot^® EZ1 and EZ1^® DNA Investigator kit. Full short tandem repeat profiles were obtained from both tested and untested samples, suggesting that the Hemastix^® reagent(s) affect DNA binding, rather than produce DNA damage. The Hemastix^® inhibition of DNA yield could be overcome by the addition of MTL buffer to the sample prior to extraction. Laboratories may wish to modify current procedures for extracting blood samples, utilize other extraction/purification methodologies, or inform their submitting agencies to avoid direct exposure of questioned bloodstains to Hemastix^® reagents.     

十六大以来中央领导集体党建理论的新发展

十六大以来,以胡锦涛为总书记的党中央坚持以马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和"三个代表"重要思想为指导,在党的建设问题上进行新的探索,及时总结党建新经验,取得了一系列重大的理论成果。     

A search for obligatory paternal alleles in a DNA database to find an alleged rapist in a fatherless paternity case

Abstract: A sexual assault case resulted in a pregnancy, which was subsequently aborted. The alleged father of the fetus was unknown. Maternal and fetal types were obtained using the 11‐locus AmpF?STR^® SGM Plus^® kit. The national DNA database was searched for the paternal obligatory alleles and detected two suspects who could not be excluded as father of the male fetus. Additional typing using the AmpF?STR^® Minifiler^? kit, containing three additional autosomal loci, was not sufficient to exclude either suspect. Subsequent typing using the PowerPlex^® 16, containing four additional loci, and Y‐Filer^? kits resulted in excluding one suspect. Searching a database for paternal obligatory alleles can be fruitful, but is fraught with possible false positive results so that finding a match must be taken as only preliminary evidence.     

十六大以来民生问题研究述评

大力改善民生对落实科学发展观、提升执政能力、推动社会和谐发展等具有积极意义。改革开放以来,我国社会经济发展取得了巨大成就,但民生问题在当前依然存在,其根源主要在于政府公共服务政策与市场经济的不完善,相关制度的短缺,以及政府相关人员发展观念的片面化和民生意识的缺乏。当前要改善民生,必须转变发展观念,完善相关体制,大力发展经济,加大政府投入,促进社会中介组织的发展,此外,还要加强理论探索、比较分析和多视角多学科的综合研究。     

16PF在现阶段党政领导干部人格特征研究中的应用

采用整群随机抽样法，对来自山东省的1217名党政领导干部进行了卡特尔16PF人格因素量表（党政干部版）测验。结果发现：在A乐群性、B聪慧性、C稳定性、F兴奋性、G有恒性、H敢为性、N世故性、Q3自律性上显著高于全国成人（男）常模，而在E恃强性、I敏感性、L怀疑性、O忧虑性、Q1实验性、Q2独立性、Q4紧张性上则低于全国成人（男）常模。并且不同性别、年龄段、行政级别和受教育程度的领导干部的某些方面的人格特征也存在显著差异。