法人越权行为效力之确定

法人越权行为效力之不同确定 ,源于程序对法人本质和法人权利能力范围的不同认识 ,深入分析法人越权行为效力之不同确定原则的利与弊 ,从而扬利抑弊 ,对于正确把握正在加快进行的民商立法方向 ,引导经济体制建设和司法实践的发展 ,都有现实的指导意义     

我国法院在具体案件上适用法律的请示与批复的理性思考

请示与批复的存在有其背景条件及其现实作用,但却不具有合宪性基础。要解决该法律的悖论,必须改革我国的司法制度,使我国的法律构架统一、系统。     

Not separate but equal? The impact of multiple-defendant trials on juror decision-making

Suspects accused of involvement in the same crime can be tried in one multiple-defendant trial. While research has long demonstrated the difficulties of being a juror, no published work has examined whether multiple-defendant trials compound these difficulties. The current research recruited both student and community samples to determine whether trying multiple defendants would increase conviction rates for individual defendants. Every participant watched one of three trial videos – a single defendant against whom the State had a strong case (single-strong), a single-defendant against whom the State had a weak case (single-weak), or a multiple-defendant trial combining both defendants (multiple-defendant). The findings demonstrated an overshare effect – when the defendants were tried together, overall conviction rates for both defendants increased relative to when they were tried alone, though the pattern of results differed by study sample. Although we are unable to provide a definitive mechanism underlying the results, the best explanation seems to be that multiple-defendant trials prompt jurors to engage in a joint evaluation of the defendants, rather than single evaluations of each. Consequently, participant-jurors’ perceptions of each defendant are impacted by how they compare with one another. Thus, the current research casts some doubt on the fairness of multiple-defendant trials.     

劳动抗辩权初论

劳动抗辩权是指劳动者享有的在劳动关系运行过程中拒绝用人单位的劳动请求或劳动指示的权利,在性质上属自力救济权。我国对劳动指示权抗辩的直接法律规定主要在劳动保护法中,不过在劳动立法中却没有针对劳动请求权抗辩的规定,《合同法》可以提供此种法律依据。实践中,劳动抗辩权行使会遇到一些障碍,应有针对性地予以克服。劳动抗辩权是保护劳动者生命健康权的最佳方式,具有效率高且成本低的优势,其行使效果表现为暂停提供劳动,但一旦抗辩事由消失则劳动关系又恢复到正常状态。     

我国人民陪审制度的现状及法律完善

人民陪审制度是遏止司法腐败,实现司法公平、公正的一项司法制度。应尽快制定一部《人民陪审员法》确立人民陪审制度的宪法地位,科学确定陪审的方式和范围,细化人民陪审员的权利义务。     

和谐社会建设与青少年社会服务——香港深宵外展服务对我们的启示

香港深宵外展服务是香港青少年社会工作富有特色和成功实施的一项核心服务,也是一项被认为最富挑战性的青少年社会服务工作。这项工作要求社会工作者关注的是一批在行为上有服务需要的“夜青”（指深宵活动不回家的青少年）群体,目的主要是为了预防青少年因不良环境的影响,做出违背社会规范的事情。深宵外展服务是一个系统服务过程,由专业社会工作者外出至青少年夜间常到的地方（如歌舞厅、游戏厅、网吧、街头、公屋等公共场所）接触他们,认识他们,找出他们的需要并随时提供适当的服务,其工作手法主要有中心工作手法、户外工作手法和户内工作手法。     

陪审制度效率与功能的反思

陪审制度的利弊得失背后的“效率”问题一度成为学界争论的焦点。本文站在拥护者的立场上,运用制度经济学的理论分析工具对“效率”重新界定,引入了适应性效率的概念。以此为基点,本文展开分析,认为陪审制度是人类“试错纠错”行为体现在司法活动中,用来扩展个体自由,同时降低交易费用的一种安排,它具有适应性效率。这种效率能否实现又进一步取决于陪审制度的基本功能及其互动。