Judges’ Perceptions of Screening,Assessment, Prevention,and Treatment for Substance Use, Mental Health,and HIV among Juveniles on Community Supervision: Results of a National Survey

Juvenile Justice‐Translational Research on Interventions for Adolescents in the Legal System (JJ‐TRIALS) National Survey was funded in part to describe the current status of screening, assessment, prevention and treatment for substance use, mental health, and HIV for youth on community supervision within the US juvenile justice system. Surveys were administered to community supervision agencies and their primary behavioral healthcare providers, as well as the juvenile or family court judge with the largest caseload of youth on community supervision. This article presents the findings from the judges’ survey. Survey results indicated juvenile and family court judges were open to innovations for improving the court's performance, rated their relationships with collaborators highly, and appreciated the impact of screening, assessment, prevention, and treatment on judicial practices.     

青少年犯罪后实施社区矫正的新模式——香港社区支援服务计划

香港自20世纪80年代开始推行以“社会为本,辅导为主”的犯罪矫治措施,强调以较宽容的态度处理轻微罪行的青少年,尽量避免让犯罪青少年进入司法审讯制度内,避免把犯事的青少年监禁起来,而是让青少年留在原来的社区里,改过自新,重新做人。在实践中,为了适应社会发展和社区的需要,香港又相继推出了“社区为本”的自新计划,其中就包括社区支援服务计划。     

高质量发展背景下对外承包工程外派劳动者权益保护问题研究

在“一带一路”高质量发展的背景下,保护对外承包工程外派劳动者权益的重要性日益凸显。目前,我国对外承包工程外派主要包括自有员工外派、对外劳务合作外派和项目分包外派三类用工模式。通过对司法裁判案例的分析发现,在招工、用工和维权、定责的环节中,外派劳动者的权益因非法中介的存在、违规分包转包、司法救济途径不畅、责任主体不明等而受损。针对上述困境,我国应当落实违法招工的法律责任,加强对违规分包、转包的监管力度,进一步明确外派劳动者的权利救济路径以及雇主责任的承担。     

少年刑法的法理拷问

"少年刑法"是新近时期姚建龙博士提出的法律概念,以区别于成人刑法.透视少年刑法的基础理论,而不涉及它的具体制度设计,认为我们常常误解了理性、误读了少年的人性.     

Tracing the Rise of Evidence-Based Juvenile Justice in Florida

The movement toward evidence-based practice in juvenile justice has encouraged a research-informed approach that prioritizes the principles of effective intervention. And yet the shifts in this direction have been uneven across different states. This pattern underscores the value of state-level case studies for understanding the pace and nature of juvenile justice reform in recent decades. The authors provide such a study for the state of Florida. They begin in 1994 with the creation of the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice. The authors describe the unique history in these early years and identify the political and cultural factors that variously encouraged and constrained evidence-based reform. They then describe the resulting system that pervades today. The authors emphasize four key elements that define the current operation of Florida juvenile justice. They conclude by situating Florida’s shifts within the broader dialogue on evidence-based practice in U.S. juvenile justice.     

孟加拉国参与“一带一路”倡议:利益与问题

2007年全球金融危机爆发之后,中国和世界经济增长放缓。为此,中国提出了对外开放的宏大战略。这一战略的核心是丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路,即后来的"一带一路"倡议。"一带一路"倡议是真正意义上的全球合作,其影响远远超出了中国的范围。孟加拉国是孟中印缅经济走廊的一部分,孟中印缅经济走廊被列入"一带一路"倡议下的六大经济走廊之一。从孟加拉国的角度分析参与"一带一路"倡议的利益所在,并讨论孟加拉国在孟中印缅经济走廊中的作用,对研究"一带一路"倡议如何影响孟加拉国具有重要意义。另外,也需要从孟加拉国的角度审视"一带一路"倡议中提出的"五通",重点分析"一带一路"倡议可能面临的挑战,从孟加拉国的角度提出中国回应挑战的建议,为推动未来的相关研究提出若干建议。     

伊斯兰世界U型认同与恐怖组织类型关联性研究

自“阿拉伯之春”以降,伊斯兰极端主义日益成为全球非传统安全研究领域的主要议题。以往的研究已经注意到极端宗教思想对“一失败,即溃散”的弥散型恐怖主义之影响,但对于弥散型恐怖主义生成根源、传播路径与扩散范围却没有形成系统性的区分与探讨。基于对伊斯兰文明圈核心区域、半边缘区域和边缘区域在宗教地位、部族影响、民族国家认同与区域权力结构四种因素的区分,在伊斯兰文明核心区域容易形成向外围单向辐射的跨国弥散型恐怖主义;而在伊斯兰文明边缘区域容易接受来自文明核心区域的影响并成为伊斯兰极端主义扩张工具与动员手段。半边缘区域因地缘上的过渡性和宗教上的亚文明特征而介于两者之间。“一带一路”倡议途径广大的伊斯兰国家,为确保中国海外投资安全,在伊斯兰文明核心区和半边缘区域应该注重发展同当地部族关系,而在边缘区则需要强化政府间官方合作。     

Procedural Justice in Family Conflict Resolution and Deviant Peer Group Involvement Among Adolescents: The Mediating Influence of Peer Conflict

The involvement of adolescents with deviant peer groups is one of the strongest proximal correlates to juvenile delinquency and stems from a variety of causes. Past research has linked ineffective parenting with peer variables, including deviant peer group involvement and peer conflict during adolescence. In this study, adolescents’ appraisals of procedural justice within the family (adolescents’ appraisals of how fairly they are treated by parents in the process of resolving family conflict) were examined as one aspect of effective parenting that may relate to deviant peer group involvement in early adolescence. Data from 1660 middle school students (ages 11–14, mean = 12.6) indicated that higher appraisals by adolescents of procedural justice during family conflict resolution were related to lower levels of both peer conflict and deviant peer group involvement. A structural model was tested in which the relationship between adolescents’ appraisals of procedural justice in the family and deviant peer group involvement was partially mediated by measures of peer conflict. This model was found to have adequate fit to the data, indicating that part of the relationship between procedural justice appraisals and deviant peer group involvement can be explained by levels of peer conflict. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Examining Adolescents’ and their Parents’ Conceptual and Practical Knowledge of Police Interrogation: A Family Dyad Approach

This study examines whether parents have the prerequisite knowledge about police interrogation that would allow them to compensate for youths’ knowledge deficits, protect their interests, and buffer against their vulnerability to coercion. A racially diverse urban/suburban convenience sample of 77 11- to 13-year-olds, 46 14- to 15-year-olds, and 47 16- to 17-year-olds and their parents completed a semi-structured interview on knowledge of legal rights and police practices. Results show that parents know more than younger adolescents about components of the Miranda warning and its behavioral implications but do not necessarily know more about police strategy or the parameters of parental protection. Age and socioeconomic status were associated with youths’ risk for poor knowledge. Among parents, IQ, race, and the child’s age predicted risk classification. Parent IQ, socioeconomic status, and youths’ justice experience, race, and age predicted whether families were classified as at risk for poor knowledge. The results question legal assumptions about parents’ capacity for protecting youths’ interests without intervention.

青少年网络犯罪预防初探

网民中青少年最多,青少年网络犯罪在网络犯罪中亦占有很大的比重。因此,有效地预防青少年网络犯罪是预防网络犯罪的关键。只有建立结构化预防体系、加强计算机网络技术方面的建设、加强相关的法律法规保障、加强国际间的合作,才能从根本上预防青少年网络犯罪的发生和蔓延。