国外经验背景下我国劳动者职业安全的法律保护

近年来,在我国经济快速增长的背后却隐藏着越来越严重的职业安全问题。保护劳动者的职业安全权是对人的生命权和健康权的强调,劳动者职业安全权的保护应借鉴国外相关立法经验,继续完善现有立法,尽早建立独立的职业安全法律体系,把现有的法律法规系统化;加大处罚力度,完善处罚机制;针对目前职业安全卫生监察立法和执法方面存在的不足,加强劳动监察。     

外伤性黄斑裂孔法医学鉴定16例分析

目的 分析总结外伤性黄斑裂孔的特点,探讨法医学鉴定的要点及注意事项.方法 对2004-2009年在中国医科大学法医司法鉴定中心鉴定的16例外伤性黄斑裂孔案例进行回顾性分析.结果 16例外伤性黄斑裂孔均为闭合性眼球钝挫伤所致,以青年男性多见.裂孔可于伤后立即出现或间隔一段时间出现.伤后6个月,2例黄斑裂孔自发性闭合,12...     

创伤性脑损伤动物模型研究进展

创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)是多因素作用的高度复杂过程,TBI动物实验研究有利于阐明TBI原发性、继发性损伤机制及病理生理学过程,为诊断及治疗提供依据.动物模型的选择依赖于研究目的,然而各种动物模型均具有局限性,仅能复制TBI关键的损伤机制或某一重要的病理生理学过程而无法全面反映...     

小鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中纤维细胞募集和分化的时间依赖性

目的 观察小鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中,纤维细胞募集和分化随时间变化的规律性.方法 应用免疫荧光技术共定位纤维细胞[共表达CD45、Ⅰ型前胶原(procollagen Ⅰ)]和肌成纤维细胞[共表达CD45、平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA)],计数纤维细胞及其分化成的肌成纤维细胞.结果 ...     

54例脑外伤精神伤残重新鉴定分析

目的 研究有争议的脑外伤后各种精神伤残案例,分析其在初次鉴定中暴露出来的问题,并探讨解决问题的方法.方法 收集2007-2011年上海市司法鉴定中心脑外伤后致精神障碍重新鉴定案件,分别对初次鉴定和重新鉴定的资料进行分析比较.结果 鉴定时机不当,初次鉴定时鉴定人对被鉴定人的精神状态调查不全面、不客观,鉴定人对标准的理解有...     

大鼠局灶性脑挫伤后Homer蛋白表达变化

目的 观察局灶性脑挫伤后Homer蛋白表达的变化规律,探讨其表达变化与损伤时间的相关性.方法 建立大鼠钝力性局灶性脑挫伤模型,应用免疫组织化学技术和Western印迹法观察脑损伤后不同时间脑组织中Homer蛋白表达的变化.结果 对照组、假手术组及伤后0.5h组脑组织中有少量Homer蛋白染色阳性细胞,伤后3h组脑组织H...     

从多层次到多支柱:养老保障体系改革再思考

在对多层次养老保险体系反思的基础上,从多支柱理论和我国现实国情出发,构建了以多支柱为核心特征的养老保障体系。零支柱:以低收入者和农民为对象的普惠制国民养老金,旨在防止老年贫困。第一支柱:以正式就业者为对象,由基本养老保险社会统筹部分改造而来的基本养老金,目标在于保障就业者退休后的基本生活,突出社会再分配。第二支柱:以正式就业者为对象,由基本养老保险个人账户部分和企业年金计划合并而来的职业年金计划,使退休职工生活水平比单一的第一支柱有所改善,同时有助于应对老龄化危机。第三支柱:自愿性的个人养老储蓄计划,为有较高需求的高收入者提供的更高层次的保护。     

对一起职业病鉴定否定原诊断结论案例的分析

通过对一起经职业病鉴定后否定原诊断结论案例的分析,探讨如何正确运用和进一步完善职业病诊断与鉴定方面的法律、法规和标准,保护劳动者生命健康权益。     

Postmortem MSCT Diagnosis of Whiplash Injuries in a Traffic Accident: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

A 45-year-old male car driver died in a traffic accident of four cars rear-end collision on the highway.He was found to have died after a respiratory and cardiac arrest at the scene.No sign of skin injuries was observed from the external inspection.The autopsy was not permitted by the family members because of the local culture.Multislice computed tomography(MSCT)was applied to the current case,showing dislocation of C3~4cervical vertebrae withⅡdegree,C4vertebral plate fractures,and spinal stenosis.Post-mortem MSCT confirmed the diagnosis as whiplash injuries.MSCT was verified to be effective in showing the severity of whiplash injuries,thus providing certain objective evidence for medicolegal expertise.     

Animal-related fatalities--part I: characteristic autopsy findings and variable causes of death associated with blunt and sharp trauma

Animals may be responsible for an array of potentially lethal injuries. Blunt force injuries characteristically involve larger animals such as cattle or horses that may kick, crush, or trample a victim causing head and facial injuries. Farm workers in particular are at high risk of lethal injuries involving the head and torso. Significant blunt trauma may be found in vehicle occupants after collisions with large animals such as camels or moose. Rarely, zookeepers may be crushed by particularly massive animals such as elephants. Sharp force injuries usually involve carnivore bites, most often from dogs with a "hole and tear" pattern of wounding. Injuries from animals such as alligators and sharks may have a significant component of crushing. Incised wounds may result in death from exsanguination and air embolism. On occasion, blunt or sharp trauma from animal activity may be confused with postmortem damage or with inflicted injury from an assault.