FOB条件下卖方优先获得提单权问题研究

针对FOB条件下卖方是否有权优先取得提单的实践难点,采取实证分析与理论分析相结合的研究方法,具体论述了卖方有权向承运人主张取得提单的适用条件、实务及理论依据,辩证阐述了《最高人民法院关于审理海上货运代理纠纷案件若干问题的规定》解决本问题的立法初衷、规范效果以及适用不足,提出卖方作为实际托运人在特定情形下有权优先取得提单,鉴于《最高人民法院关于审理海上货运代理纠纷案件若干问题的规定》适用的内在缺陷,应当通过修订《中华人民共和国海商法》条款加以解决.     

Exploiting expressed sequence tag databases for the development and characterization of gene-derived simple sequence repeat markers in the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) for forensic applications

Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) were identified from an expressed sequence tag (EST) database comprised of 20,340 sequences. In total, 2780 SSR-containing sequences were identified. The most frequent microsatellite had an AT/TA motif (37%). Twenty-two opium poppy EST-SSR markers were presently developed and polymorphisms of six markers (psom 2, 4, 12, 13, 17, and 22) were utilized in 135 individuals under narcotic control investigation. An average of three alleles per locus (range: 2-5 alleles) with a mean heterozygosity of 0.167 was detected. Six loci identified 29 unique profiles in 135 individuals. The EST-SSR markers exhibited small degrees of genetic differentiation (fixation index = 0.727, p < 0.001). Other variable markers will be needed to facilitate the forensic identification of the opium poppy for future cases. To determine the potential for cross-species amplification, six markers were tested in five Papaver genera species and two Eschscholzia genera. The psom 4 and psom 17 primer pair was transferable. This is the first study to report SSR markers of the opium poppy.     

Merger simulations with observed diversion ratios

One approach to merger simulations used in antitrust cases is to calibrate demand from market shares and a few additional parameters. When the products involved in the merger case are differentiated along several dimensions, actual diversion ratios may be very different from those calculated from market shares. This again may affect the predicted post-merger price effects. This article shows how merger simulation can be performed using observed diversion ratios. To illustrate the potential effects of this approach we use diversion ratios from a local grocery market in Norway. In this case diversions from the acquired to the acquiring stores were considerably smaller than suggested by market shares, and the predicted average price increase from the acquisition was 40% lower using this model rather than a model based upon market shares. This analysis also suggests that even a subset of observed diversion ratios may significantly change the prediction from a merger simulation based upon market shares.     

新城疫病毒ClassⅠ强毒株L基因的表达及单克隆抗体的制备

采用RT-PCR方法从新城疫病毒(NDV)ClassⅠ强毒株9a5b中扩增出了L基因C末端的基因片段,将其克隆到表达载体pGEX-6P-1中,测序验证后转化入表达宿主菌BL21进行IPTG诱导表达,表达的蛋白接种8周龄BALB/c小鼠,制备L蛋白的单克隆抗体,用间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和Western-bolt方法共同检测所获得的抗体。结果显示,重组菌可表达出分子质量约为39ku的重组融合蛋白。SDS-PAGE分析显示,表达的蛋白以包涵体的形式存在于菌体中。多种方法筛选显示成功制备了4株单克隆抗体。免疫特异性鉴定结果表明,在所获得的单抗中,4株单抗均具有ELISA和IFA效价,且4株单抗与ClassⅠ毒株的反应均强于与ClassⅡ毒株的反应。     

茜草地上部分的化学成分研究

目的 研究茜草（Rubia cordifolia L.）地上部分化学成分。方法 利用硅胶柱色谱、反相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等多种方法进行分离纯化;根据理化性质和谱学数据对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果 分离得到10个单体化合物,分别鉴定为乙酰齐墩果酸（1）、2-羟基-1-甲氧基蒽醌（2）、β-谷甾醇（3）、（-）-表丁香脂素（4）、反式对羟基肉桂酸（5）、对苯二甲酸二丁酯（6）、（-）-3,4-二香草基四氢呋喃（7）、东莨菪亭（8）、异落叶松脂素（9）、5,5′-二甲氧基-7-氧代落叶松脂醇（10）。结论 化合物1～10为首次从茜草地上部分中分离得到,化合物1～2、4～10为首次从本植物中分离得到。     

中药大蓟及其2种伪品的微性状鉴别

目的 鉴别市场上大蓟及其2种伪品。方法 通过微性状鉴定法对大蓟及其伪品进行观察研究。结果 蓟的茎、叶均被蛛丝毛及多细胞长节毛,苞片两面及边缘均被毛,花丝亦被毛,花药顶端呈长三角形,冠毛顶端呈纺锤形扩大或渐细;刺儿菜茎、叶仅被蛛丝毛,苞片内面无毛,花药顶端呈削尖状,冠毛顶端渐细;花叶滇苦菜茎、叶以及苞片均无毛,花丝光滑,花药顶端呈黑色,花冠被长毛,果实边缘具齿。结论 微性状鉴定法可准确、快速地鉴别大蓟及其伪品。     

黄蜀葵花总黄酮对大鼠湿热型慢性肾炎的作用及其对红细胞免疫黏附功能的影响

目的 观察黄蜀葵花总黄酮(total flavones of Abelmoschus manihot (L) Medic,TFA)对湿热型慢性肾炎的作用及其对红细胞免疫黏附功能的影响.方法 采用葡萄球菌肠毒素B分次由尾静脉注射、牛血清清蛋白隔日灌胃及完全弗氏佐剂和不完全弗氏佐剂分次皮下注射复制大鼠慢性肾炎湿热证模型.8...