意思与规则的较量 --从西方公司契约理论的争辩看公司法的规范方式

围绕公司的性质和公司法的规范方式,西方法学史上上演了一场关于公司契约理论的争论,其争议的焦点是意思与规则在公司法调整中的地位.意思自治能发挥主体的理性与智慧,实现效率,而规则能矫正意思瑕疵导致的不公,实现正义.公司的地位、公司法的性质以及意思与规则的各自优势,决定了公司法应采取以自治为主、强制为辅的规范模式.     

《森林法》修改的几个问题

作者提出了《中华人民共和国森林法》修改的基本思路,主张修改后的《森林法》应该成为森林资源法律子体系中的核心法律,林业行业的基本法律,即全面反映当代新型林业和森林资源在我国经济、社会和环境建设中重要地位和全面作用。认为在修改《森林法》时,必须坚持以可持续发展观为指导,体现当代环境资源法的基本理念,在有关问题上与国际法接轨,认真总结和吸收国内有关环境资源和林业的法制建设经验。《森林法》修改应该建立在对森林的性质、特点和作用的科学认识的基础上,针对我国现实存在的森林资源环境问题,突出森林保护和森林生态建设,加强对经济手段和市场机制的采用,加强对公众参与等社会调整机制的采用。     

医疗服务合同的问题分析及对策

以合同的方式处理医疗纠纷存在不少理论障碍 ,本文从医疗服务的特殊性入手 ,分析了现行合同法难以规制医疗服务行为的原因 ,提出了建立和公示诊疗规范制度、设立基本救治基金、完善多层次的医疗保险制度 ,从而明确医、患双方的权利、义务 ,以实现合同法对医疗行为的规范。     

关于探索和完善上海应急处置体系的思考

当前,世界各国越来越重视对突发事件应急处置体系的建立和完备,相比之下,我国在这方面还显得比较落后,存在很多薄弱环节。因此,对上海这座国际性大都市来说,建立以“六种能力”为核心内容的城市应急处置体系,已成为摆在我们面前的又一重要课题。     

The Enjoyment of Rights and Freedoms: A New Conception of the 'Ambit' under Article 14 ECHR

Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights, as applied by the UK judiciary under the Human Rights Act 1998, is in danger of becoming as 'parasitic' as it is often described. Judges have inappropriately narrowed the scope of the 'ambit' of other Convention articles, and thus limited the number of claims to which Article 14 can apply, by defining it according to considerations more properly weighed in a justification analysis incorporating proportionality. The emerging approach departs from Strasbourg jurisprudence, and fails to give full effect to the language and intent of Article 14. This trend need not continue. This article begins the process of fashioning a new conception of the ambit of Convention articles: one that could change the fortunes of Article 14 cases in the UK, but that flows naturally from the precedents of the European Court of Human Rights, and gives effect to the spirit of the HRA.     

国有企业劳动关系转型的理论依据与模式选择

提出问题是解决问题的先导。国有企业劳动关系转型过程中问题的复杂性与系统性,要求研究者在其理论与实践两个层面清晰定义问题。为此,应该挖掘马克思主义劳资关系理论的当代意义,界定它在新形势下应用的前提,使得国有企业劳动关系研究体现敏锐的问题意识,突出深厚的历史感。如此,才能够真正把握西方劳动关系诸流派背后的社会文化因素,认识各种类型劳动关系实践的局限性与启发性所在,对当前国有企业劳动关系管理的模式选择问题有清醒的理解和正确的甄别。     

试析《公务员法》职位分类制度的创新

同1993年国务院发布的《国家公务员暂行条例》中有关职位分类制度的规定相比,2005年全国人大常委会通过的《中华人民共和国公务员法》中设计的职位分类制度有许多创新之处,具体体现在职位类别划分更为科学、职务序列设置更加多样化、级别的内涵与功能更为明确等方面。     

Trusts for Religious Purposes and the Question of Public Benefit

It is a well‐established principle that no trust may be regarded as charitable in law unless carrying out its purposes will benefit the public. Trusts for religious purposes have traditionally been presumed by courts to be for the public benefit. However, the presumption of public benefit will be removed from the law in early 2008 when section 3(2) of the Charities Act 2006 comes into force. At that time, two questions are likely to attract interest. First, to what extent, and in what ways, has the application of a presumption of public benefit assisted courts up to now? Secondly, without the assistance of the presumption, how might courts go about ascertaining whether the public will benefit in future cases? The article takes up these two questions with respect to trusts for religious purposes.     

The W***D C*P of 2*1*: FIFA's intellectual property rights in South Africa

Legal context: This article focuses on the relationship between trade markrights and other forms of statutory protection. Key points: FIFA is the proprietor of a number of trade mark registrationsin South Africa. The strength of these registrations is discussedand the view taken that a number are open to attack, in termsof both distinctiveness and user requirements. It is then shownthat, if statutory protection is given for the same words andphrases, the weaknesses of the trade mark registrations willbe avoided. Practical significance: The article serves as an illustration of the manner in whichinternational sporting bodies attempt to extend their IP protectionbeyond the bounds of existing legislation.     

现代商事信托的组织法基础

从民事信托到商事信托,信托关系的本质完成了从财产无偿移转的手段到企业组织架构的变革。商事信托作为组织法,其具有商事组织的典型共性,而且在制度设计和受托人信义义务的标准上,商事信托也与商事公司制度近年来出现了明显的趋同。我国现行信托立法无论是在受托人承担有限责任的规定上,还是在信托投资的规模上以及在受托人的资格取得上,都离成熟的组织法的要求还都相距甚远。