《劳动合同法》若干条款实施中存在的问题

<劳动合同法>保护劳动者的模式是,政府社会保障职能不健全的同时,强制企业保障就业稳定,这一模式是不成功的.<劳动合同法>直接规范、调整劳动关系不同群体的权利利益,触动了最敏感的关系,它的实施本身就直接取决于经济发展状况、劳动关系状况、不同群体对比关系,是比较难实施的法律,而现在,<劳动合同法>部分条款出现的不严谨、歧义等各种问题,又为实施<劳动合同法>带来更多不应该有的困难.     

对《劳动合同法》实施过程中若干问题的思考

《劳动合同法》由于直接切入劳资利益分配领域,自颁布和实施以来,争论不断。尤其在国际金融危机影响下,围绕《劳动合同法》的争论再一次掀起高潮。《劳动合同法》在实施过程中屡屡引发争议,原因在于其中一些规制的设计存在缺陷和漏洞。     

Citizenship and the Constitution

The status of “British subjects”, the relationship between the individual and the State, and the concept of “rights” and “liberties” are relevant to the current political debate about “British identity”, citizenship, “multiculturalism”, a “British Bill of Rights”, and whether there is now a need for a written constitution. This article describes the confused contemporary understanding of what is meant by “British” citizenship and analyses the parallel developments of citizenship and our constitutional arrangements. The Human Rights Act, devolution and Gordon Brown's proposed constitutional renewal are important steps in setting out the ideas and principles that bind us together as a nation. Together with a coherent definition of the rights and obligations of British citizenship, constitutional reform would achieve a stronger sense of what it means to be British today.     

正确评估《劳动合同法》 适时修改《劳动法》

要客观评价《劳动合同法》,该法对促进劳动力资源市场配置、规范劳动关系发挥了重要作用。目前并没有确切数据证实《劳动合同法》给企业带来不合理用工成本。就用工灵活而言,无固定期限合同是市场经济国家普遍的现象。因为违反规章解除和相关弹性概念的存在,《劳动合同法》的解除保护也并非是彻底刚性的。由于修法的共识并没有形成,相关立法的配套问题没有解决以及经济下行的特殊背景,目前修改《劳动合同法》的时机并不成熟。此外,真正给企业带来负担的是税负等其他因素,修改《劳动合同法》并不能解决企业负担问题。我国劳动关系协调机制的整个问题是集体合同制度不能发挥作用,劳动关系分层处理未能完成。在短期内,解决现有问题应充分发挥司法的能     

关于对我国劳动合同法认识的探讨

劳动法律侧重保护劳动者利益是世界劳动法律坚持的铁则,我国劳动合同法应当坚持保护劳动者利益的原则。从我国劳动关系的现状看,劳动立法应当向劳动者倾斜,对劳动合同法的偏见应当纠正。应该认识到,劳动合同法既不是对劳动者的单保护法,没有给劳动者提供"铁饭碗",也没有增加用人单位的经营成本。同时,低端加工制造业向外转移与劳动合同法的实施没有必然联系。     

Points of departure: re-examining the discursive formation of the Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990

Leung’s article re-examines the political and legislative history of the debates that led up to the passage of the 1990 Hate Crime Statistics Act, in particular the 1980 House committee hearing on Increasing Violence against Minorities and a 1983 U.S. Commission on Civil Rights report entitled Intimidation and Violence: Racial and Religious Bigotry in America. Both identify organized white supremacy as the cause of the nation’s epidemic of racial intimidation and violent bigotry in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Many significant recommendations were made, but data collection became the first piece of legislation to address the national problem of hate violence. Leung seeks to explain why. By analysing the relationship between committee hearings, the key report and the political context of the Reagan administration, he demonstrates how ‘hate crime’ became an object of knowledge, and how its definition had implications for policy development.     

The Impact of the Threat of Terrorism on U.S. District Court Decisions During Wartime

Federal courts are key actors in the U.S. government’s fight against terrorism because they adjudicate cases based on the USA PATRIOT Act, and accordingly make national security policy. We examine the extent that the terror threat influences judicial decisions in a dataset of 111 USA PATRIOT Act cases decided in the U.S. District Courts from 2001 through 2013, while controlling for other judicial decision-making variables. The results demonstrate that when a case involves a heightened terror threat, federal judges are more likely to defer to the government. Some key control variables are also significant.     

试析我国劳动合同法的劳动者维权功能

我国劳动合同法具有明显的维护劳动者合法权益的功能,主要体现在立法目的、权利和义务分配、法律责任分配,以及监督检查等诸多方面,劳动合同法是我国广大劳动者维权的重要依据和有力武器。     

公平:在倾斜中实现平衡——《劳动合同法》应当向劳动者倾斜

向劳动者倾斜不仅是《劳动合同法》的立法需要,也是追求法律公正与公平的现实需要。《劳动合同法》向劳动者倾斜的力度是适度的,并不存在倾斜过度问题。《劳动合同法》只有向劳动者倾斜,侧重保护处于弱势劳动者的合法权益,在倾斜中调整和平衡雇佣双方的关系,才能建立起平衡、和谐的劳动关系。     

美国《2005年集团诉讼公平法》及其启示

为规制集团诉讼在消费者保护领域的滥用现象,美国出台了2005年集团诉讼公平法.该法对美国原有的集团诉讼规则进行了重大变革,尤其在管辖权规则与和解规则的完善方面.中国应在立法理念、立法技术等方面借鉴美国经验,完善民事诉讼模式,逐步建立集团诉讼机制.