La Marcha Violenta? Railroads and Land in 19th‐century Mexico

The impact of railroad development on land tenure and use in 19th‐century Mexico has long been central to interpretations of Mexico's rural history, in particular of the grievances culminating in the Revolution (1910–20). The prevailing interpretation, that railroads displaced Mexican peasants and smallholders from the land, has intuitive appeal but lacks empirical support. This article treats the question of the railroads' impact by studying the terms of the railroads' acquisition of land in southern Mexico. It argues that railroads failed to displace owners and occupants of the land, despite the governments's new laws and handpicked agents intended to oust recalcitrant residents with minimal delay and expense.     

构建和谐社会之公共舆论监督

构建和谐社会,是我国社会主义现代化建设的重要战略构想,它必然要求更为广泛的民主参与监督。公共舆论是当代社会监督体系的重要组成部分,构建和谐社会必须加强公共舆论的监督作用。但是公共舆论在发挥其作用时,存在理论上和现实上的障碍,需从公共舆论的形成、规范、方向三个方面找寻破除公共舆论障碍的路径。     

民警思想道德建设新探——民警警示案例的分析与思考

通过对公安民警队伍中出现的警示案例作一些分析,我们可以寻找并剖析这种现象产生的原因,并寻求行之有效的防范对策。民警违法违纪行为的发生,主观内因是主要的,此外还有公安管理机制方面的原因和复杂多变的社会大背景。抓教育,增强自身抵御能力;抓监督,加强执法权力制约;抓长效机制建设,加大规范管理力度。     

中韩两国农村失地农民政策比较分析

中国在建设社会主义新农村历程中,面临了不少问题。其中失地农民的问题已成为迫切需要解决的问题。农民不仅是国家的主要建设者,而且是建设新农村的重要推动力。因此,政府对失地农民的补偿政策是此次新农村建设能否成功的关键。本文通过对中韩两国失地农民政策的比较,探索适合于中国社会主义新农村的土地补偿制度。     

检察权外部监督制约机制研究

在我国,人民检察院依法独立行使检察权,实施法律监督。一个行使法律赋予的国家职能的国家机关,其自身又很可能是这一职能的调整对象。我国检察权外部监督制约机制还存在一定的弊端,应通过相应的措施进行完善。     

对监管现场防控模式问题的思考

监狱安全在监狱全局工作中居首要地位。罪犯现场防控必须要遵循一定的原则;其防控模式以＂五大防控系统＂为基本框架,以＂五大重点＂为罪犯现场防控的关键点,以全面落实＂四大禁止措施＂为监管现场防控的着力点,以民警直接管理主导罪犯现场全程管控为重要手段,以发现异常、有效处置为罪犯现场防控的核心要求。目前,现行罪犯现场防控工作存在缺陷需要创新监管措施。     

Meaning construction in legislative discourse: a sociosemiotic interpretation on supervision system reform in China

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the reform of supervision system in China through the Supervision Law, and identifies this Law as a sign within its corresponding social and political purposes and intentions from the sociosemiotic perspective. Within its legislation process, the Supervision Law could be identified as both a sign textualized among the disciplinary regulations, and as a signifier configured with the successive interpretants by relevant laws, for example, the Constitution Amendment 2018 and the Criminal Procedure Law 2018, showing the social construction of legislative meaning as infinite semiosis. In other words, from the whole process of sign perception, reception, acceptation, and interpretation, a legislative text could be interpreted both as a sign constructed in the external but relevant sign systems and as a signifier reconstructed with the successive but infinite interpretants in the internal sign system. This study also finds that the social construction of meaning is achieved and represented to the extent which is constructed through the representation and interpretation of law-making process by sign receivers or legal participants.     

新闻监督与司法审判的冲突与平衡

新闻监督对司法审判有着积极的促进作用,但同时又在价值取向、程序和效益追求上与司法审判产生冲突。新闻监督的不规范状态和审判体制的滞后性是造成冲突的主要原因,应当在制度上构建两者之间的平衡,在完善审判制度的同时,尽快对新闻活动立法,规范新闻监督。     

条约制度的建立对传统法律变迁的影响——以地政管理制度为例

近代国门大开之后,中国融入国家交往的条约制度之中。通过双方的谈判与协商,确定各自享有的权利与承担的义务是条约制度的基本原则。谈判与协商这种互动的活动使得双方的法律意识与原则彼此产生影响。由于处于战败国的弱势地位,中国所签订的条约为不平等条约,中国方面更多地接受外来的影响。随着这些影响的日益加深,西方法律原则与制度大量地引入传统社会,法律制度开始向近代转化。条约制度的建立与传统社会法律变迁有着密切的关系。地政管理制度是这种关系的最好说明。     

我国当前的宏观调控政策解读

始于2003年下半年的此轮宏观调控,中央政府综合采用了货币政策、财政政策、行政措施以及较为特殊的土地政策等。由于中国目前只是初步建立了市场经济体制,因此它并不具备对传统宏观经济政策作出灵活反应的微观基础,反而是其他的政策工具如土地政策和行政措施等,对当前的宏观经济的影响有立竿见影的效果。