重新反思技术理性——解读西方马克思主义对“技术理性”的批判

面对科学技术的迅猛发展和大规模运用所带来的消极后果,不少西方学者把技术理性的彰显看作是其主要原因之一.西方马克思主义理论家对科学技术合理性问题进行了反思和探讨,把技术理性批判同资本主义制度批判有机地结合起来,形成了较为丰富和深刻的伦理价值观.技术理性的缺陷在于工具理性和价值理性的背离,克服这一缺陷的根本途径在于把工具理性和价值理性统一起来.     

Is tax competition harmful and is the EU an optimal tax area?

This paper examines the issue of harmfulness of tax competition commenting on issues like welfare, growth, redistribution, harmonization and individual freedom. A simple game theoretical ap proach is formulated, where for the first time the two players start from unequal initial conditions, thus influencing strategy and outcomes. Next we propose the new criterion of Optimal Tax Area under which the possibility and feasibility of tax harmonization is examined. The policy implication of our paper is that we do not expect harmonization for direct taxes like corporate taxes in the EU in the near future and if so, harmonization of corporate tax rates on low levels. We conclude that both more theoretic research and empirical evidence are needed before we can answer with certainty whether tax competition is harmful or not. classification A1 . D6 . H0     

马克思文化理想与社会性别视角的当代解读

社会主义的文化理想、核心价值中蕴含着一种深刻的人文主义、人本主义价值要求。马克思的社会性别意识体现了一种深厚的人类意识,这应该是理解先进性别文化与社会主义核心价值的重要之点。从中我们可以反观世界与中国的更深层面的变化及发展要求。     

行政程序法价值探析

行政程序法价值包括目的性价值和程序性价值,其程序性价值具有相对的独立性。行政程序法多元的价值体系既是相互冲突的又是统一的。     

马克思与技术中性论的关系

在技术价值观问题上,马克思并非如一些传统马克思主义者所认为的,是技术中性论的典型代表人物。在马克思那里,技术是中性与非中性的统一,技术既有作为工具和手段的一面,同时,也赋有深刻的社会价值,对社会与文化的建构,对人的生成和发展发挥实际的作用和影响。     

非法证据排除规则微探

证据是控辩双方在刑事审判中支持其主张、展开攻击与防御对抗的武器,是法官认定事实并据以裁判的基础。非法证据排除规则以运用实证分析方法、结合应然性思考,通过比较各国非法证据排除规则,阐述排除规则的价值,对规则产生的理性基础、规则所体现的价值冲突与权衡进行分析,以构建我国非法证据排除规则体系。     

《反分裂国家法》的法理价值探析

《反分裂国家法》的出台是中央政府长期对台政策的法治化选择。以这部法律为窗口,可以看出执政党推行依法治国的决心、信心和水平的提升。《反分裂国家法》是宪法性法律,是公法,是实体法也是程序法,同时也是和平法而非战争法。仔细审视这部法律,可以看出它还充满着和平、宪政、法治和人权的法理精神。     

关于儒学价值观普世性问题的思考

即使是在“全球化”的当今,作为中国文化传统核心的儒学,仍有其普世性价值。     

寻找构建和谐社会的"阿基米德支点"

社会主义和谐社会有着丰富的内涵,建立社会主义和谐社会需要在政治、经济、法律和社会等方面进行多方面的努力.尊重和保护人权是构建和谐社会的"阿基米德支点",对此,可从三个方面加以说明,即尊重和保障人权是构建和谐社会的基础,是构建和谐社会的重要主题,是构建和谐社会的基本价值取向.     

Gauging support for innovative farmland preservation techniques

Given growing concerns about the loss of farmland in the US, governmental and nonprofit groups are seeking innovative, cost-effective methods to preserve lands that will elicit additional landowner participation. This article describes four innovative farmland preservation techniques and derives implications for the policy process through interviews of key stakeholders: program administrators, lawmakers, and landowners. Experts on farmland preservation were also interviewed to ensure stakeholder perceptions substantively inform the policy process. Four techniques were selected for assessment from approximately 30 novel techniques. Reactions to these policy options reflect stakeholder perceptions of a baseline condition; the perceptions help evaluate which options are likely to survive the policy process and what attributes will lead to their acceptability because few of these techniques have yet become policy. Although the stakeholders may have more limited experience with the policy process, land preservation experts validated many of the results and the possibility of success in the “rough and tumble” of the policy process. Of the four investigated techniques rights of first refusal was the most favored, although respondents thought effective implementation would require careful targeting and a dedicated funding source. Experts agreed this technique was most likely to survive in the political arena. Agricultural conservation pension was also viewed favorably, though it was considered administratively difficult to implement. Several experts thought that, though inchoate, the pension plan could potentially be more cost effective than rights of first refusal. Land preservation tontines were perceived to be an interesting concept, but confusing, difficult to implement, and ill-defined. Term conservation easements were viewed unfavorably because they did not preserve land permanently.