Explaining the Reversed Gender Gap in Political Consumerism: Personality Traits as Significant Mediators

Research on political consumerism documents a persistent reversed gender gap, as women boycott and buycott products more often than men. Previous efforts to explain the reversed gender gap rely on classical theoretical models developed to illuminate gender differences in political participation in general. Accounting for socio‐economic and situational factors as well as socialization leaves a significant amount of the reversed gender gap unexplained, though. Adhering to recent empirical evidence of personality as an important factor influencing political behavior, we argue that gender differences in personality traits could provide an alternative explanation to account for gender disparities in political consumerism. We use original survey data specially designed to measure political consumerism in Switzerland, which also include the Big Five model of personality. We find empirical evidence that gender differences in personality traits, in particular agreeableness, explain a significant portion of the reversed gender gap in political consumerism.     

受刑人权利的法律定位

对受刑人权利保护必须对受刑人权利进行准确的法律定位,在受刑人权利的价值基础上,正当性的权利本质是受刑人权利法律定位的逻辑起点;在受刑人权利的逻辑结构上,可以将受刑人权利分为受刑人人权、受刑人公民权和受刑人基于矫正产生的特殊权利;在法律关系的考量上,将受刑人权利和刑罚执行权力作为刑事法律关系的核心范畴,而不是将受刑人的权利与义务作为刑事法律关系的核心范畴;在刑事法律关系的运作中,以受刑人权利为本位,而不以受刑人管理为本位,以实现对刑罚执行权力的制约和对受刑人权利的保护。     

论紧急状态下限权原则的建构思路与价值基础——以我国《突发事件应对法》为分析对象

在我国《突发事件应对法》中,究竟有没有必要设置一些限制权利的基本原则?如果有必要,应当如何建构它们?在这个过程中,人们又会遇到哪些困难?基于法律体系的内部融贯性,这部法律必须认真对待普通民众的基本权利,并且需要设置一种动态的限权原则。这些原则不仅可以有针对性地应对突发事件的自身特质,彰显我国宪法对待权利的基本态度,而且能够满足现代法治对权利与权力之间相互平衡的期许。     

数据交易下权益边界的实践探索与调适

数据作为区别于传统客体的新兴民事权利客体,依附数据交易而实现其特定价值,同时具有社会资源、人格利益和财产利益的法定属性。数据交易下,其权益边界成为民事权利主体资格探讨的必备要素,关乎着数据主体资格、法律关系和私权制度价值。我国司法实践认为数据权益应因其劳动增值而取得,美国则认为数据权益应当回归数据应用的价值。基于分析,对数据权益应严格数据人格利益与财产利益,同时基于数据交易而赋予数据控制者基于数据主体的衍生权利,并建立各类数据控制者之间进行数据流转的合规性标准,以求在总结司法实践和立论的基础上,为数据权益的边界界分提供参考性意见。     

The Avalanche Perspective: women jurists in Korea 1952–2008

The author proposes and employs the Avalanche Perspective in analysing the entry of women into the Korean judiciary from the first pioneers in 1952 to the present. Starting from a general atmospheric warming trend towards women in postwar Korea, there developed instability in the status quo, then a breakthrough that led to a cascade of women participating in the legal profession. Although cultural resistance and political obstacles remained to be overcome, this quantitative expansion ultimately led to a greater acceptance of women’s participation in the judicial arena. Significant judicial changes that furthered the causes of women in contemporary Korea were coincident with women being members of the judiciary. The quantitative changes of the past fifty-six years opened the possibility of qualitative progress for women in the Korean judiciary. The Avalanche Perspective as applied to the judiciary in Korea, provides an understanding of the forces at work that have had a profound effect upon the place of women in the new cultural and political reality of the Korean people.

Do the illegal and legal rents of politicians affect municipal election outcomes? Empirical evidence

This paper aims to analyse whether illegal (corruption) and legal rent extraction (high politicians’ wages) affect electoral outcomes at municipal level. We use an initial sample of 145 Spanish municipalities over 50,000 for two electoral periods: 2004–2007 (before the crisis) and 2008–2011 (during the crisis). Our findings show that neither illegal nor legal rent extraction impact on re-election in non-crisis times. However, we observe that citizens penalize legal rent extraction in the ballots during the crisis. Regarding the economic performance of the local governments, we find that its effect on re-election is important in non-crisis period. Nevertheless, in time of crisis, given that the economic situation is bad in general in the country, voters pay less attention to economic factors and focus on politicians’ behaviour.     

公证人的法律责任问题研究

就公证法律责任的主体、承担法律责任的基本原则、及其种类等方面来研究公证人的法律责任,从而规范公证法律行为,构建和完善与国际接轨并符合中国国情的公证法律制度体系。     

对作为行政诉讼“通道”的功能性概念的再认识

鉴于目前学界对具体行政行为概念的诸多歧义 ,有必要对这一作为行政诉讼“通道”的功能性概念重新命名。借鉴德国的行政处分概念 ,可将“具体行政行为”称为“行政处理决定”或“行政处理行为” ,以完善我国的行政诉讼制度     

权力市场化的法理辨析

权钱交易产生的行贿受贿、贪污腐化已成为社会公害,严重影响了社会主义市场经济建设。本文主要从理论和实践两个方面,分析权力市场化的法律性质以及对社会发展的影响,指出通过完善市场体系,实现社会主义民主宪政和法制,根除权力市场化,保证社会主义市场经济建设健康有序地发展。     

过失危险犯之存在性与可存在性思考

决定某类过错行为 ,包括过失危险行为在内可以犯罪化的基础不是主观过错 ,而是危险行为本身所具有的社会危害性。过失危险犯只能存在于危害公共安全法益的犯罪中 ,由于公共安全法益本身的特殊性 ,这类法益价值的外延已经突破其本身的价值而及于它的安全性 ,即威胁它的安全就是侵犯它的价值 ,而使过失危险行为具有直接侵犯公共安全法益价值的本质 ,进而具备犯罪化的报应基础。设立过失危险犯与刑法谦抑原则不冲突 ,反而有利于刑法诱导和刑法忠诚。