優化外商投资法律環境的重要舉措

值此中國委讬公證人（香港）制度建立三十周年之際，我謹代表國家工商行政管理總局外商投資企業註冊局表示熱烈的祝贺。三十年來，中國委讬公證人（香港）制度適應香港同胞到内地投资經商活勤和香港舆内地聯系日益紧密的需要，從無到有，不断發展完善，爲便利兩地法律界、公證界之間的交流合作發挥了重要作用，有力地促進了内地舆香港的民事交往舆...     

论新加坡电子支付体系的法律监管及其启示

新加坡《支付体系监督法》为新加坡电子支付体系提供了一个统一而明确的法律监管框架,尤其着重于对被指定的重要支付系统(DPS)和储值类支付工具(SVF)的监管。在监管理念上,该法体现了法律监管与行业创新的平衡,一般监管与特殊监管的结合,宏观监管与微观监管的配合,以及监管权力与被监管者权利的兼容。我国应借鉴新加坡的经验,构建统一的支付体系监管法,确定监管重点,完善监管方式。     

“临终关怀”的法律之维——法理基础、宪法依据与实体法规制

临终关怀是对临终病人进行姑息性照护,而非治疗性照护,关注的是如何减少临终病人痛苦,不以延长生命为主要目的。现代人权理念的内在要求、社会契约论对弱势群体的当然保护、法的效益价值的现实体现,是临终关怀正当性的法理基础。临终关怀具有充分的宪法依据。临终关怀必须依法进行,以确保患者的权利不被剥夺。在刑法上,临终关怀属于"正当行为",但要防止以临终关怀为理由而实施的遗弃罪和不作为形式的故意杀人罪,同时防范其他犯罪。在民法上,要规范临终关怀的决定主体、实施条件和操作程序。     

进步与妥协:《行政诉讼法》修改回顾

2014年11月1日全国人大常委会审议通过了修改《行政诉讼法》的决定。《行政诉讼法》修改从实际出发,坚持问题导向,着力解决行政诉讼存在的立案难、审理难和执行难问题,扩大了受案范围、畅通了诉讼渠道,完善了审判体制机制,完善了判决形式和执行制度,强化行政诉讼的监督功能,加强了对行政权力的制约和监督,加强了检察机关对行政诉讼的监督,贯彻了十八届三中、四中全会精神,是全面推进依法治国的重要举措。     

Educating Jurors about Forensic Evidence: Using an Expert Witness and Judicial Instructions to Mitigate the Impact of Invalid Forensic Science Testimony

Invalid expert witness testimony that overstated the precision and accuracy of forensic science procedures has been highlighted as a common factor in many wrongful conviction cases. This study assessed the ability of an opposing expert witness and judicial instructions to mitigate the impact of invalid forensic science testimony. Participants (N = 155) acted as mock jurors in a sexual assault trial that contained both invalid forensic testimony regarding hair comparison evidence, and countering testimony from either a defense expert witness or judicial instructions. Results showed that the defense expert witness was successful in educating jurors regarding limitations in the initial expert's conclusions, leading to a greater number of not-guilty verdicts. The judicial instructions were shown to have no impact on verdict decisions. These findings suggest that providing opposing expert witnesses may be an effective safeguard against invalid forensic testimony in criminal trials.     

Do Not Make their Trauma Your Trauma: Coping with Burnout as a Family Law Attorney

In the field of family law, attorneys frequently expose themselves to highly emotional and traumatized clients. Litigation is by nature a high‐stress occupation, demanding a high level of intellectual and emotional engagement from the contesting lawyers. Adding the burden of inherently distressing content to litigation can impair a lawyer's functioning. The effects are often referred to as “secondary trauma.” This Note proposes that state bar associations should take a more active role in providing mental health support to prevent burnout in family law attorneys by (1) offering voluntary classes to educate attorneys about the dangers of, and ways to cope with, the burnout that comes with working with traumatized clients in family law and (2) organizing support groups among local family law communities.

Key Points for the Family Court Community:
• Claims against family law practitioners account for the third highest percentage of all malpractice claims against lawyers.
• Burnout is a serious problem for family law attorneys.
• Programs sponsored by state bar associations are available and need to be expanded.
• The American Bar Association's Model Rules require that a lawyer shall not represent a client or, where representation has commenced, shall withdraw from the representation of a client if the lawyer's physical or mental condition materially impairs the lawyer's ability to represent the client.
• The unique nature of family law, centered on relationships and emotions, puts family law attorneys at a higher risk for experiencing the effects of secondary trauma than other areas of law.
• Lawyers at risk for secondary trauma can avoid its effects by educating themselves about such effects.

     

检察官负有客观义务的缘由

检察官客观义务是世界不同法系国家和地区普遍接受、国际准则确认的一项重要法律制度,也是检察官的重要行为准则。赋予检察官以客观义务是检察官作为法律守护人或法律监督者的双重要求,也是由设立检察官制度的目的所决定的。同时,检察官作为国家与公共利益代表的主体地位和准司法官或司法官的身份、诉讼中平衡控辩实力的需要、检察官享有起诉裁量权等因素都决定了检察官应当负有客观义务。     

论国际反避税的性质及措施

目前,以美国为首的众多国家,以严厉的惩罚机制来对治国际避税.但同时对于国际避税的概念和法律性质各国学者众说纷纭,在对其法律性质不甚明确的时候,以惩罚机制来对治避税是缺乏法律依据的,应以国际避税的后果为标准来进行国际合作,进而国际反避税.     

法律解释及其对我国法治建设的影响

如果法律是法治国家的上帝,那么法律解释就是法律生命化的过程.法律解释在法律实施中有举足轻重的作用,抽象的法律条文只有通过解释者的解释,才能与复杂多变的现实生活对接,才能变得实际有效.法律解释中的一个基本问题就是用什么样的理念来指导具体的解释活动,徒法不足以自行,在理解和适用法律中必须妥善处理其稳定性和适宜性的关系....     

试析先秦儒家民本法律思想

在先秦时期的法律思想中,对后世最具积极影响的当是民本思想,它萌芽于殷周时期,形成于春秋战国时期.在先秦诸子百家中,宣扬民本思想最积极的则是儒家,其中又以孔子和孟子为儒家民本思想的代表人物.春秋战国时期,由于特殊的历史条件使得当时出现了各式各样的学说流派,在法律思想方面也呈现出了“百家争鸣”的局面.传统的民本思想,尤其是...